Borderliner bulletin, 2016
For the list of top articles see Recommended Links section
- 20160922 : 6 Signs Your Spouse Has Checked Out Of Your Marriage Huffington Post ( Mar 14, 2016 , www.huffingtonpost.com )
- 20160910 : Surviving the Storm - Divorcing a Narcissist ( May 02, 2016 , dalkeithpress.com )
- 20160910 : Are BPD Drama Queens Manipulative, Sadistic, and Worse ( www.psychologytoday.com )
- 20160910 : Meet the Malignant Narcissist ( Dec 09, 2015 , jessescrossroadscafe.blogspot.com )
- 20160814 : The cry of management bullying reduces wholesale ownership to bad personal behaviour, something to be corrected by the schoolteacher or the next authority up. ( www.nakedcapitalism.com )
- 20160814 : Roger Stone on The Milo Show 'I think Hillary Clinton Has Bipolar' ( www.breitbart.com )
- 20160801 : Bullying Definition ( www.stopbullying.gov )
- 20160518 : Less Than Artful Choices Narcissistic Personality Disorder According to Donald Trump by Maria Konnikova ( Big Think )
- 20160518 : Barack Obama Narcissist or Merely Narcissistic? ( lettingfreedomring.com )
- 20160518 : 10 Signs That Youre in a Relationship with a Narcissist by Preston Ni M.S.B.A. ( www.psychologytoday.com )
- 20160518 : Obamas Malignant Narcissism ( www.americanthinker.com )
- 20160518 : Can Narcissists Change by Dr. Craig Malkin ( www.huffingtonpost.com )
- 20160518 : 5 Early Warning Signs Youre With a Narcissist ( www.huffingtonpost.com )
- 20160518 : Is Donald Trump Actually a Narcissist Therapists Weigh In! by Henry Alford ( www.vanityfair.com )
- 20160516 : Stockholm Syndrome The Psychological Mystery of Loving an Abuser, Page 1 ( counsellingresource.com )
- 20160516 : https://www.reddit.com/r/raisedbynarcissists/comments/29dhay/good_movies_about_narcissistic/ ( www.reddit.com )
- 20160516 : Barack Obama Narcissist or Merely Narcissistic? ( lettingfreedomring.com )
- 20160516 : Dr. Sam Vaknin - Barack Obama Is a Narcissist ( www.snopes.com )
- 20160515 : The Truth About Donald Trump's Narcissism by Jeffrey Kluger ( Aug. 11, 2015 , /time.com )
- 20160515 : 10 Great Self-Absorbed, Narcissistic Movie Assholes The Playlist ( blogs.indiewire.com )
- 20160515 : Famous Narcissistic Movie Characters - ( May 14, 2013 , The Narcissistic Life )
- 20160412 : When Evil Is a Pretty Face Narcissistic Females the Pathological Relationship Agenda by Zari Ballard ( www.amazon.com )
- 20160405 : Catherine Zeta-Jones speaks out about her battle with manic depression ( Nov 14, 2012 , Telegraph )
- 20160328 : FlonneCVXs review of NOT Just Friends Rebuilding Trust ( Amazon.com )
- 20160322 : The Vampire's Bite Victims of Narcissists Speak Out by Leon F Seltzer Ph.D. ( Apr 23, 2014 , Psychology Today )
- 20160322 : The Secret to Spotting Subtle Narcissists ( Mar 16, 2016 , Psychology Today )
- 20160322 : The 5 Most Dangerous Myths About Narcissism (Part 2) ( Feb 17, 2016 , Psychology Today )
- 20160322 : 9 Enlightening Quotes on Narcissists by Leon F Seltzer Ph.D. ( Apr 14, 2014 , Psychology Today )
- 20160322 : What is a Drama Queen ( What is a Drama Queen, Mar 22, 2016 )
- 20160322 : How to Deal with a Drama Queen ( Scientific American )
- 20160322 : How To Handle a Drama Queen ( Psychology Today )
- 20160319 : Are You High Maintenance - ( www.nationalmarriage.com )
- 20160319 : Victims of Psychopaths or Sociopaths Discussion The Sex Drive of a Sociopath ( DailyStrength )
- 20160319 : The (Unlucky) 13 Traits of High Maintenance People by Cheryl Conner ( Feb 9, 2013 , forbes.com )
- 20160319 : 15 Signs You're a High Maintenance Woman ( A gold digger type. Broadly defined, high maintenance women are those who need many things (money, material goods, affection) to be happy. High maintenance women are like high maintenance sports cars and for every hour of showing off, there are another 10 spent on upkeep and repair behind the scenes. These women love dressing up whenever possible, and are obsessed with all aspects of their personal appearance and grooming in general. They tend to be perfectionists, overachievers, self-centered, and a bit vain. Not necessary borderliners, )
- 20160319 : Truely High Maintenance I Hate My Wife Story & Experience ( Truely High Maintenance I Hate My Wife Story & Experience, )
Notable quotes:
"... Will you get dinner and pick up the kids? Could you call the plumber about the kitchen sink?" ..."
"... everything - ..."
"... "I'll be in bed in a little bit" ..."
"... Do you want to be more mindful about eating healthy foods that'll keep your mind and body at their best? Sign up for our newsletter and join our Eat Well, Feel Great challenge to learn how to fuel your body in the healthiest way possible. We'll deliver tips, challenges and advice to your inbox every day. ..."
When your spouse isn't interested in doing the "work" of marriage, it's easy to feel powerless.
But all isn't lost, said Jeannie Ingram,
a couples therapist based in Nashville, Tennessee.
"The relationship doesn't have to end," she told HuffPost. "The truth is, all relationships need
tuning up from time to time."
Below, Ingram and other experts share the most common signs a spouse has checked out of a marriage
- and what you can do to take matters into your own hands.
1. They spend a lot of time around you but not with you.
It doesn't count as quality time if one of you is
distracted by your smartphone or checking work emails, said
Aaron Anderson, a marriage and
family therapist based in Denver, Colorado.
"If you and your spouse spend a lot of time in the same room but they never do things with you,
they've likely disengaged from the relationship," he told us. "Nobody wants to spend the two hours
after work browsing social media."
Try planning new, exciting things to do together so hopefully "your partner will want
to shut down the computer and turn off their phone to be with you," Anderson said.
2. They never include you in their weekend or after-work plans.
Spending time apart (pursing your hobbies or seeing friends) is essential in a healthy marriage.
It keeps the mystery alive. But spend too much time apart and you're well on your way to
living separate lives, said Becky Whetstone, a
marriage and family therapist who works in Little Rock, Arkansas.
"If your S.O feels disillusioned with the marriage, they might cope by distracting themselves
with things they enjoy that that don't involve you," she said.
To figure out why they're disengaging, broach the conversation in a calm manner, at a time that
works for the two of you, Whetstone said.
"Therapists call this 'coming toward your partner,'" she said. "Watch the tone of your voice and
your body language and find the right time - not in the middle of something hectic. Ask, 'Hey, what's
up? I've noticed you pulling away lately.'"
Most importantly, don't lash out if their answer upsets you. "Make it safe for them to reply or
they're not likely to open up again after that," Whetstone said.
3. They never ask, "How was your day?"
If your conversations are limited to household logistics (" Will you get dinner and pick up
the kids? Could you call the plumber about the kitchen sink?" ) and your S.O. seems disinterested
in how you're doing, your marriage may be in trouble, Anderson said.
"When someone checks out of a relationship, they stop caring about their partner as much," he
said. "They don't ask you how work is going, how your family is doing or even if you got that promotion
you wanted."
To show that your marriage is still very much a priority - and that you, at least, care about
them - make it a point to vocalize that.
"Just because they've checked out doesn't mean you have to," Anderson said, "And after they see
how much you care, they might just start caring more, too."
4. They aren't interested in sex.
The thrill is gone - and your S.O. seems entirely OK with that. Why might that be the case? Oftentimes,
partners avoid physical intimacy after they've been hurt emotionally, said Ingram.
"In the beginning, couples in love are so intoxicated with each other that they share everything
- they allow themselves to be fully vulnerable," said Ingram.
But that same vulnerability also opens you up to hurt from your partner.
"If you're emotionally hurt, intimacy doesn't feel safe - it's just too vulnerable,"
Ingram said. "Couples need to become conscious of this and be willing to talk about why they avoid
closeness, perhaps in the office of a qualified marriage therapist."
5. They're hyper-critical of your friends and family.
Your partner may not be as forgiving of your parents as you are, but they shouldn't take the liberty
to rag on them any chance they get, Whetstone said.
"It shows disinterest but it's also unacceptable behavior," she said. "Set a boundary and say
something like, 'Please, why so much venom? It hurts me when you throw so much negativity on to me
and my friends and family. What's going on? Obviously you're unhappy about something. Please, let's
talk about it.'"
6. They go to bed at different times.
"I'll be in bed in a little bit" is not as innocent a phrase as you might think, Ingram
said.
"Commonly, couples fall prey to what I call 'functional exits," she said. "These are behaviors
that are part of everyday life, but serve the dual purpose of avoiding intimacy. For example, work,
hobbies, or when you regularly say or hear, 'You go on to bed; I'll be along later.'"
The good news? Mismatched bedtimes and similar problems are easily fixed if you and your partner
are willing to make the effort.
"Exits like these are not necessarily a sign the relationship needs to end, but rather, an indication
that it's time for some work," she reassured.
Do you want to be more mindful about eating healthy foods that'll keep your mind and body at
their best?
Sign up for our newsletter and join our Eat Well, Feel Great challenge to learn how to fuel your
body in the healthiest way possible. We'll deliver tips, challenges and advice to your inbox every
day.
Dalkeith Press
You may have thought that living with your troubled spouse was hard. But now that you've reached
the point of divorce, you probably already know that this can be ever harder. Narcissistic behavior
can be labeled as borderline, sociopathic, narcissistic, or just intolerable, but it all derives
from one fundamental driving force: narcissists can't tolerate criticism, especially public criticism.
And divorcing them is about them most direct and public criticism you can make. You'll know you're
there when your soon-to-be ex spouse begins a campaign of destruction against you. And if you don't
know how to resond and deal with it, it can take a terrible toll.
Surviving the Storm offers practical strategies that can help you reach a settlement with
your soon-to-be ex, in spite of his or her seeming determination to scorch the earth. The key is
understanding that narcissists fear, above all, critical judgment by others. Your decision to divorce
sets these fears in motion. To counter them, you need to know how to split the battlefield, offering
on the one hand a safe alternative in which you get what you need, and on the other a continuing
stream of criticism, judgment, and shame heaped on your soon-to-be ex. In essence, you trade the
safety of silence for the things you need in the settlement.
Surviving the Storm also offers practical boundaries on what you can and can't expect to
do. It explains the impact of divorcing a narcissist on your children, and offers strategies and
tactics to help achieve a custody arrangement that is best for your kids. It explains what parental
alienation is and where to get more help with it. It offers some reflection on the moral issues we
face in divorce, including the Catholic Church's surprising position holding that marriage to a narcissist
is a moral impossibility. Finally, it offers a perspective on healing and the need for new experiences
to move on.
Richard has been helping people deal with the trauma and pain of abusive relationships for nearly
ten years. His other books are
Tears and Healing
, Meaning from
Madness , In Love
and Loving It - Or Not! ,
Tears and Healing
Reflections , and
the Way of Respect
If you've read them, you know his style, and this book is also short and to the point, giving you
the information and insight you need without wading through hundreds of pages you don't need.
Notable quotes:
"... Often described as "drama queens" or "abusive," they too frequently create chaos in situations where others would smoothly deal with the normal differences and disappointments that arise from time to time for all of us. ..."
"... These habits now would suggest to me comorbid diagnoses, that is, a combination of borderline personality emotional hyper-reactivity with narcissistic and/or psychopathic (conning) patterns. ..."
"... manipulation is defined as deception used for personal gain, without concern for victims." ..."
Women, and men, with borderline personality disorder seem not to know how
to stop arguing (link is external).
Often described as "drama queens" or "abusive,"
they too frequently create chaos in situations where others would smoothly deal
with the normal differences and disappointments that arise from time to time
for all of us.
... ... ...
There may well be some individuals with BPD who are genuinely manipulative
or sadistic.
These habits now would suggest to me comorbid diagnoses, that is, a combination
of borderline personality emotional hyper-reactivity with narcissistic and/or
psychopathic (conning) patterns.
In the Journal of Personality Disorders a 2006 an excellent article by Nancy
Nyquist Potter, PhD entitled
"What is Manipulative Behavior Anyway?" (link is external) looked to define
the term manipulative.
In the Hare Psychopathy Checklist (cited in Bowers,
2002) ... manipulation is defined as deception used for personal gain, without
concern for victims."
Notable quotes:
"... A personality disorder characterized by grandiosity; an expectation that others will recognize one's superiority; a lack of empathy, lack of truthfulness, and the tendency to degrade others. ..."
"... Malignant narcissists not only see themselves as superior to others but believe in their superiority to the degree that they view others as relatively worthless, expendable, and justifiably exploitable. ..."
"... This type of narcissism is a defining characteristic of psychopathy/sociopathy and is rooted in an individual's deficient capacity for empathy. It's almost impossible for a person with such shallow feelings and such haughtiness to really care about others or to form a conscience with any of the qualities we typically associate with a humane attitude, which is why most researchers and thinkers on the topic of psychopathy think of psychopaths as individuals without a conscience altogether." ..."
"A personality disorder characterized by grandiosity; an expectation that others
will recognize one's superiority; a lack of empathy, lack of truthfulness, and
the tendency to degrade others.""Narcissism becomes particularly malignant
(i.e. malevolent, dangerous, harmful, incurable) when it goes beyond mere vanity
and excessive self-focus. Malignant narcissists not only see themselves as superior
to others but believe in their superiority to the degree that they view others
as relatively worthless, expendable, and justifiably exploitable.
This type of narcissism is a defining characteristic of psychopathy/sociopathy
and is rooted in an individual's deficient capacity for empathy. It's almost
impossible for a person with such shallow feelings and such haughtiness to really
care about others or to form a conscience with any of the qualities we typically
associate with a humane attitude, which is why most researchers and thinkers
on the topic of psychopathy think of psychopaths as individuals without a conscience
altogether."
"There is nothing about the man that is service-oriented. He's only serving
himself."
https://www.youtube.com/embed/x54z2pRAvtg?rel=0"
Notable quotes:
"... As extracurricular lesson. ..."
clinical wasteman ,
August 13, 2016 at 11:31 am
BULLYING: (1.) Workplace. Cuts conflict over time and money down to
schoolyard scale. If one schoolchild 'bullies' another the injury is real but the two are formal
equals under the same coercive structure. Neither owns the other's means of survival.
Apply the metaphor to boss and worker, then, and the stakes of the conflict evaporate, or rather
stay in the hands that always held them. The cry of 'management bullying' reduces wholesale ownership
to bad personal behaviour, something to be corrected by the schoolteacher or the next authority up.
A plea for Help that counts as the surrender (usually by proxy) of the managed.
(2.) As extracurricular lesson. Actual schoolyard violence is 'bullying' when the perpetrator
fits the profile for Multi-Agency Intervention better than the target. In the opposite case, counsellors
and Restorative Justice practitioners may declare the ordeal a lesson in Life Skills for the injured
party. A salutary warning that s/he must either curb a too-sharp tongue or be unemployable as well
as regularly beaten up in years to come.
From the many more than 25 "words and phrases" at:
http://www.wealthofnegations.org/
On the subject of Trump, Stone said that "the Trump you see on TV is the only Trump there is,
he doesn't have two personalities, he has one personality."
He contrasted this with Hillary Clinton, who he described as having "two personalities."
"Publicly, she pretends to be the warm, likeable grandmother. But privately she is a foul
mouthed, short-tempered, nasty, vicious, extraordinarily abusive, maniac. I think she has
bipolar, at least."
Notable quotes:
"... Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Both kids who are bullied and who bully others may have serious, lasting problems. ..."
"... Kids who bully use their power-such as physical strength, access to embarrassing information, or popularity-to control or harm others. Power imbalances can change over time and in different situations, even if they involve the same people. ..."
"... The set of behaviors definition given is not age dependent. The definition may have been provided to provide a basis for recognizing and determining a set of behaviors that may be defined as bullying, but says nothing about age levels. It's a description of a set of human behaviors being applied to a particular age group for the sake of defining a particular basis of illegal behavior. ..."
Below is the definition of bullying from
stopbullying.gov. (US Department of Health & Human Services)
Bullying
is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power
imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Both kids who
are bullied and who bully others may have serious, lasting problems.
In order to be considered bullying, the behavior must be aggressive and include:
- An Imbalance of Power: Kids who bully use their power-such as physical strength, access to
embarrassing information, or popularity-to control or harm others. Power imbalances can change
over time and in different situations, even if they involve the same people.
- Repetition: Bullying behaviors happen more than once or have the potential to happen more
than once.
Bullying includes actions such as making threats, spreading rumors, attacking someone
physically or verbally, and excluding someone from a group on purpose.
Types of Bullying
There are three types of bullying:
- Verbal bullying is saying or writing mean things. Verbal bullying includes:
- Teasing
- Name-calling
- Inappropriate sexual comments
- Taunting
- Threatening to cause harm
- Social bullying, sometimes referred to as relational bullying, involves hurting someone's
reputation or relationships. Social bullying includes:
- Leaving someone out on purpose
- Telling other children not to be friends with someone
- Spreading rumors about someone
- Embarrassing someone in public
- Physical bullying involves hurting a person's body or possessions. Physical bullying includes:
- Hitting/kicking/pinching
- Spitting
- Tripping/pushing
- Taking or breaking someone's things
- Making mean or rude hand gestures
Jack, August 1, 2016 11:23 am
Warren,
That is a nonsensical reply. The set of behaviors definition given is not age dependent.
The definition may have been provided to provide a basis for recognizing and determining a set
of behaviors that may be defined as bullying, but says nothing about age levels. It's a
description of a set of human behaviors being applied to a particular age group for the sake
of defining a particular basis of illegal behavior.
Ed, Maybe bullying should be described as a high priority issue in our schools, but assigning
it to the number one spot may be a bit hyperbolic.
Edward Lambert, August 1, 2016 12:07 pm
Jack,
It is a very high priority. I went to a presentation by the local school superintendent. She
said bullying was the #1 priority by law. She has to drop anything and everything that she is
doing when a case of bullying presents itself by law. That is how serious the situation
became.
Notable quotes:
"... So, without further ado, Trump's quotable illustration of the hallmarks of NPD, defined according to DSM-IV as, "A pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy." The disorder is indicated by at least five of the following: ..."
Donald Trump was born in 1946. 34 years later, in the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), the American Psychiatric Association's hefty volume of mental disorder
classifications, the term "Narcissistic Personality Disorder" (NPD) first appeared as a diagnosable
disease Trump would doubtless say it was created in his honor (characteristic #1 of NPD: An exaggerated
sense of self-importance). After all, the newly-minted personality disorder made its debut only nine
years after he took the helm of his father's company
and renamed it from Elizabeth Trump & Son to
The Trump Organization.
The most recent DSM, DSM-IV, is currently under extensive revision, with DSM-V scheduled for publication
sometime in 2013, and both its listed diseases and their definitions are undergoing extensive scrutiny
and contentious debate. On the chopping block are five of the ten or so so-called personality disorders,
including NPD. Among the reasons for the cut are the frequent overlap between disorders, the general
lack of stability of symptoms, and the range of those symptoms in reality, as compared to the either/or
approach of the manual (either you have a disorder or you don't). So, before NPD becomes a thing
of the past, at least in its current form, I thought we'd take a moment to reflect on some less than
artful choices or the things that make Trump look like he just stepped out of the fourth edition,
symptom by symptom.
A caveat: I am obviously exaggerating, both Trump and narcissism. But debate on personality disorders,
classifications, diagnoses, and treatments is well worthwhile, and a colorful spokesperson never
hurts.
So, without further ado, Trump's quotable illustration of the hallmarks of NPD, defined according
to DSM-IV as, "A pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration,
and lack of empathy." The disorder is indicated by at least five of the following:
1. An exaggerated sense of self-importance (e.g., exaggerates achievements and talents, expects
to be recognized as superior without commensurate achievements)
A sense of one's own importance, a grandiose feeling that one is alone responsible for any achievement
is a hallmark of the narcissist. Grandiosity is one of the central tenets of a narcissistic personality.
Narcissists tend to take credit for everything, as if no one else contributed to the end product.
Witness Trump's declaration that, "When people see the beautiful marble in Trump Tower, they usually
have no idea what I went through personally to achieve the end result. No one cares about the blood,
sweat, and tears that art or beauty require." What do you know: not only is Trump a developer and
an artistic visionary, but he seems to be a stellar architect and construction worker as well.
And history will agree (naturally). "Anyone who thinks my story is anywhere near over is sadly
mistaken," says Trump. Sadly, indeed.
2. Preoccupation with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty or ideal love
How many presidential runs does it take for the process to be defined as a preoccupation rather
than an occupation?
I'd leave it at that, except for the existence of this little gem: "My fingers are long and beautiful,
as, it has been well documented, are various other parts of my body." Not only all-powerful, but
all-beautiful, too. The man has it all.
3. Believes he is "special" and can only be understood by, or should associate with, other
special or high-status people (or institutions) To narcissists, the "little people" or anyone
beneath them (which is mostly everyone) don't matter. Trump's lambasting of Rosie O'Donnell is a
good case in point: "Rosie O'Donnell called me a snake oil salesman. And, you know, coming from Rosie,
that's pretty low because when you look at her and when you see the mind, the mind is weak. I don't
see it. I don't get it. I never understood how does she even get on television?"
Clearly, Rosie lacks the power to understand the dazzling intellect that is Donald Trump. Trump
needs someone of equal status to appreciate his immensity. But it can't be Larry King, because as
he told King, "Do you mind if I sit back a little? Because your breath is very bad. It really is.
Has this been told to you before?"
4. Requires excessive admiration No matter the sincerity, as long as the praise comes frequently
and at a high enough volume. Says Trump, "All of the women on The Apprentice flirted with me consciously
or unconsciously. That's to be expected." Clearly. Admired, wherever he may go, even when he's talking
about himself in the third person, as in, "Love him or hate him, Trump is a man who is certain about
what he wants and sets out to get it, no holds barred. Women find his power almost as much of a turn-on
as his money."
As he puts it, "Nobody but a total masochist wants to be criticized."
5. Has a sense of entitlement The world owes the narcissist everything; he, in turn, owes
it nothing. I think Trump's attitude can be summed up with this approach to marriage: "I wish I'd
had a great marriage. See, my father was always very proud of me, but the one thing he got right
was that he had a great marriage. He was married for 64 years. One of my ex-wives once said to me,
'You have to work at a marriage.' And I said, 'That's the most ridiculous thing.'"
6. Selfishly takes advantage of others to achieve his own ends I don't have a quote for
this one, but perhaps we can talk to one of his ex-wives.
7. Lacks empathy Narcissists don't sympathize with the feelings of others. Who are these
"others," anyway? No one matters except for me. I won't recreate the Rosie rampage in full, but sentiments
like, "I'll sue her because it would be fun. I'd like to take some money out of her fat ass pockets,"
capture the spirit.
8. Is often envious of others or believes others to be envious of him Here, it seems like
Trump is dominated by the second sentiment, the expectation that everyone is envious of his success.
Everyone wants to be Trump. As he puts it, "The old rich may look down their noses at me, but I think
they kiss my ass."
9. Shows arrogant, haughty, patronizing, or contemptuous behaviors or attitudes Again,
other people don't matter. They can be treated like nothing, because who are we kidding nothing
is the closest description of what they are.
Clients don't matter. As Trump puts it, "When I build something for somebody, I always add $50
million or $60 million onto the price. My guys come in, they say it's going to cost $75 million.
I say it's going to cost $125 million, and I build it for $100 million. Basically, I did a lousy
job. But they think I did a great job." Take them for the suckers they are; that's the ticket.
The media doesn't matter. According to Trump, "You know, it really doesn't matter what (the media)
write as long as you've got a young and beautiful piece of ass." The piece of ass doesn't matter,
either; any will do.
Other businesses don't matter. As Trump says, "If you want to buy something, it's obviously in
your best interest to convince the seller that what he's got isn't worth very much."
But it's ok. Trump doesn't have to be nice. After all, it's not like he wants to run for office
or anything: "I'm not running for office. I don't have to be politically correct. I don't have to
be a nice person. Like I watch some of these weak-kneed politicians, it's disgusting. I don't have
to be that way."
Too bad. We need a good candidate. Because according to Trump, "One of the key problems today
is that politics is such a disgrace. Good people don't go into government."
Notable quotes:
"... Narcissism is a defense mechanism whose role is to deflect hurt and trauma from the victim's "True Self" into a " False Self " which is omnipotent, invulnerable, and omniscient. This False Self is then used by the narcissist to garner narcissistic supply from his human environment. Narcissistic supply is any form of attention, both positive and negative and it is instrumental in the regulation of the narcissist's labile sense of self-worth. ..."
"... Many narcissists are over-achievers and ambitious. Some of them are even talented and skilled. But they are incapable of team work because they cannot tolerate setbacks. They are easily frustrated and demoralized and are unable to cope with disagreement and criticism. Though some narcissists have meteoric and inspiring careers, in the long-run, all of them find it difficult to maintain long-term professional achievements and the respect and appreciation of their peers. The narcissist's fantastic grandiosity, frequently coupled with a hypomanic mood, is typically incommensurate with his or her real accomplishments (the "grandiosity gap"). ..."
"... An important distinction is between cerebral and somatic narcissists. The cerebrals derive their Narcissistic Supply from their intelligence or academic achievements and the somatics derive their Narcissistic Supply from their physique, exercise, physical or sexual prowess and romantic or physical "conquests". ..."
"... Subtly misrepresents facts and expediently and opportunistically shifts positions, views, opinions, and "ideals" (e.g., about campaign finance, re-districting). These flip-flops do not cause him overt distress and are ego-syntonic (he feels justified in acting this way). Alternatively, reuses to commit to a standpoint and, in the process, evidences a lack of empathy. ..."
"... Narcissism is regarded by many scholars to be an adaptative strategy ("healthy narcissism"). ..."
"... Pathological narcissism is the art of deception. The narcissist projects a False Self and manages all his social interactions through this concocted fictional construct. ..."
"... When the narcissist reveals his true colors, it is usually far too late. His victims are unable to separate from him. They are frustrated by this acquired helplessness and angry at themselves for having they failed to see through the narcissist earlier on. ..."
"... The narcissist instantly idealizes or devalues his interlocutor. This depends on how the narcissist appraises the potential his converser has as a Narcissistic Supply Source. The narcissist flatters, adores, admires and applauds the "target" in an embarrassingly exaggerated and profuse manner or sulks, abuses, and humiliates her. ..."
"... In general, the narcissist always prefers show-off to substance. One of the most effective methods of exposing a narcissist is by trying to delve deeper. The narcissist is shallow, a pond pretending to be an ocean. He likes to think of himself as a Renaissance man, a Jack of all trades. The narcissist never admits to ignorance in any field yet, typically, he is ignorant of them all. It is surprisingly easy to penetrate the gloss and the veneer of the narcissist's self-proclaimed omniscience. ..."
"... In general, the narcissist is very impatient, easily bored, with strong attention deficits unless and until he is the topic of discussion. One can publicly dissect all aspects of the intimate life of a narcissist without repercussions, providing the discourse is not "emotionally tinted". ..."
Barack Obama appears to be
a narcissist . Granted, only
a qualified mental health diagnostician (which I am not) can determine whether someone suffers from
Narcissistic
Personality Disorder (NPD) and this, following lengthy tests and personal interviews. But, in
the absence of access to Barack Obama, one has to rely on his overt performance and on testimonies
by his closest, nearest and dearest.
Narcissistic leaders are nefarious and their effects pernicious. They are subtle, refined, socially-adept,
manipulative, possessed of thespian skills, and convincing. Both types equally lack empathy and are
ruthless and relentless or driven.
Perhaps it is time to require each candidate to high office in the USA to submit to a rigorous
physical and mental checkup with the results made public.
I. Upbringing and Childhood
Obama's early life was decidedly chaotic and replete with traumatic and mentally bruising dislocations.
Mixed-race marriages were even less common then. His parents went through a divorce when he was an
infant (two years old). Obama saw his father only once again, before he died in a car accident. Then,
his mother re-married and Obama had to relocate to
Indonesia : a foreign land with
a radically foreign culture, to be raised by a step-father. At the age of ten, he was whisked off
to live with his maternal (white) grandparents. He saw his mother only intermittently in the following
few years and then she vanished from his life in 1979. She died of cancer in 1995.
Pathological narcissism is a reaction to prolonged abuse and trauma in early childhood or early
adolescence. The source of the abuse or trauma is immaterial: the perpetrators could be dysfunctional
or absent parents, teachers, other adults, or peers.
II. Behavior Patterns
The narcissist:
- Feels grandiose and self-important (e.g., exaggerates accomplishments, talents, skills,
contacts, and personality traits to the point of lying, demands to be recognised as superior without
commensurate achievements);
- Is obsessed with fantasies of unlimited success, fame, fearsome power or omnipotence,
unequalled brilliance (the cerebral narcissist), bodily beauty or sexual performance (the somatic
narcissist), or ideal, everlasting, all-conquering love or passion;
- Firmly convinced that he or she is unique and, being special, can only be understood
by, should only be treated by, or associate with, other special or unique, or high-status people
(or institutions);
- Requires excessive admiration, adulation, attention and affirmation or, failing that, wishes
to be feared and to be notorious (
Narcissistic Supply
);
- Feels entitled. Demands automatic and full compliance with his or her unreasonable
expectations for special and favourable priority treatment;
- Is "interpersonally exploitative", i.e., uses others to achieve his or her own ends;
- Devoid of empathy. Is unable or unwilling to identify with, acknowledge, or accept
the feelings, needs, preferences, priorities, and choices of others;
- Constantly envious of others and seeks to hurt or destroy the objects of his or her frustration.
Suffers from persecutory (paranoid) delusions as he or she believes that they feel the same about
him or her and are likely to act similarly;
- Behaves arrogantly and haughtily. Feels superior, omnipotent, omniscient, invincible,
immune, "above the law", and omnipresent (
magical thinking ).
Rages when frustrated, contradicted, or confronted by people he or she considers inferior to him
or her and unworthy.
Narcissism is a defense
mechanism whose role is to deflect hurt and trauma from the victim's "True Self" into a "
False Self "
which is omnipotent, invulnerable, and omniscient. This False Self is then used by the narcissist
to garner narcissistic supply from his human environment. Narcissistic supply is any form of attention,
both positive and negative and it is instrumental in the regulation of the narcissist's labile sense
of self-worth.
Perhaps the most immediately evident trait of patients with Narcissistic Personality Disorder
(NPD) is their vulnerability to criticism and disagreement. Subject to negative input, real or imagined,
even to a mild rebuke, a constructive suggestion, or an offer to help, they feel injured, humiliated
and empty and they react with disdain (devaluation), rage, and defiance.
From my book "Malignant Self Love Narcissism Revisited":
"To avoid such intolerable pain, some patients with Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD)
socially withdraw and feign false modesty and humility to mask their underlying
grandiosity . Dysthymic
and depressive disorders are common reactions to isolation and feelings of shame and inadequacy."
Due to their lack of empathy, disregard for others, exploitativeness, sense of entitlement,
and constant need for attention (narcissistic supply), narcissists are rarely able to maintain
functional and healthy interpersonal relationships.
Many narcissists are over-achievers and ambitious. Some of them are even talented and skilled.
But they are incapable of team work because they cannot tolerate setbacks. They are easily frustrated
and demoralized and are unable to cope with disagreement and criticism. Though some narcissists
have meteoric and inspiring careers, in the long-run, all of them find it difficult to maintain
long-term professional achievements and the respect and appreciation of their peers. The narcissist's
fantastic grandiosity, frequently coupled with a hypomanic mood, is typically incommensurate with
his or her real accomplishments (the "grandiosity gap").
An important distinction is between cerebral and somatic narcissists. The cerebrals derive
their Narcissistic Supply from their intelligence or academic achievements and the somatics derive
their Narcissistic Supply from their physique, exercise, physical or sexual prowess and romantic
or physical "conquests".
Another crucial division within the ranks of patients with Narcissistic Personality Disorder
(NPD) is between the classic variety (those who meet five of the nine diagnostic criteria included
in the DSM), and the compensatory kind (their narcissism compensates for deep-set feelings of
inferiority and lack of self-worth).
Obama displays the following behaviors, which are among the hallmarks of pathological narcissism:
- Subtly misrepresents facts and expediently and opportunistically shifts positions, views,
opinions, and "ideals" (e.g., about campaign finance, re-districting). These flip-flops do not
cause him overt distress and are ego-syntonic (he feels justified in acting this way). Alternatively,
reuses to commit to a standpoint and, in the process, evidences a lack of empathy.
- Ignores data that conflict with his fantasy world, or with his inflated and grandiose self-image.
This has to do with magical thinking. Obama already sees himself as president because he is firmly
convinced that his dreams, thoughts, and wishes affect reality. Additionally, he denies the gap
between his fantasies and his modest or limited real-life achievements (for instance, in 12 years
of academic career, he hasn't published a single scholarly paper or book).
- Feels that he is above the law, incl. and especially his own laws.
- Talks about himself in the 3rd person singluar or uses the regal "we" and craves to be the
exclusive center of attention, even adulation
- Have a messianic-cosmic vision of himself and his life and his "mission".
- Sets ever more complex rules in a convoluted world of grandiose fantasies with its own language
(jargon)
- Displays false modesty and unctuous "folksiness" but unable to sustain these behaviors (the
persona, or mask) for long. It slips and the true Obama is revealed: haughty, aloof, distant,
and disdainful of simple folk and their lives.
- Sublimates aggression and holds grudges.
- Behaves as an eternal adolescent (e.g., his choice of language, youthful image he projects,
demands indulgence and feels entitled to special treatment, even though his objective accomplishments
do not justify it).
III. Body Language
Many complain of the incredible deceptive powers of the narcissist. They find themselves involved
with narcissists (emotionally, in business, or otherwise) before they have a chance to discover their
true character. Shocked by the later revelation, they mourn their inability to separate from the
narcissist and their gullibility.
Narcissists are an elusive breed, hard to spot, harder to pinpoint, impossible to capture. Even
an experienced mental health diagnostician with unmitigated access to the record and to the person
examined would find it fiendishly difficult to determine with any degree of certainty whether someone
suffers from a full fledged Narcissistic Personality Disorder or merely possesses narcissistic traits,
a narcissistic style, a personality structure ("character"), or a narcissistic "overlay" superimposed
on another mental health problem.
Moreover, it is important to distinguish between traits and behavior patterns that are independent
of the patient's cultural-social context (i.e., which are inherent, or idiosyncratic) and reactive
patterns, or conformity to cultural and social morals and norms. Reactions to severe life crises
or circumstances are also often characterized by transient pathological narcissism, for instance
(Ronningstam and Gunderson, 1996). But such reactions do not a narcissist make.
When a person belongs to a society or culture that has often been described as narcissistic by
scholars (such as Theodore Millon) and social thinkers (e.g., Christopher Lasch) how much of his
behavior can be attributed to his milieu and which of his traits are really his?
The Narcissistic Personality Disorder is rigorously defined in the DSM IV-TR with a set of strict
criteria and differential diagnoses.
Narcissism is regarded by many scholars to be an adaptative strategy ("healthy narcissism"). It
is considered pathological in the clinical sense only when it becomes a rigid personality structure
replete with a series of primitive defence mechanisms (such as splitting, projection, projective
identification, or intellectualization) and when it leads to dysfunctions in one or more areas of
the patient's life.
Pathological narcissism is the art of deception. The narcissist projects a False Self and manages
all his social interactions through this concocted fictional construct.
When the narcissist reveals his true colors, it is usually far too late. His victims are unable
to separate from him. They are frustrated by this acquired helplessness and angry at themselves for
having they failed to see through the narcissist earlier on.
But the narcissist does emit subtle, almost subliminal, signals ("presenting symptoms") even in
a first or casual encounter. Compare the following list to Barack Obama's body language during his
public appearances.
These are:
- "Haughty" body language. The narcissist adopts a physical posture which implies and exudes an
air of superiority, seniority, hidden powers, mysteriousness, amused indifference, etc. Though the
narcissist usually maintains sustained and piercing eye contact, he often refrains from physical
proximity (he is "territorial").
The narcissist takes part in social interactions, even mere banter, condescendingly, from a position
of supremacy and faux "magnanimity and largesse". But he rarely mingles socially and prefers to remain
the "observer", or the "lone wolf".
- Entitlement markers. The narcissist immediately asks for "special treatment" of some kind. Not
to wait his turn, to have a longer or a shorter therapeutic session, to talk directly to authority
figures (and not to their assistants or secretaries), to be granted special payment terms, to enjoy
custom tailored arrangements or to get served first.
The narcissist is the one who vocally and demonstratively demands the undivided attention of the
head waiter in a restaurant, or monopolizes the hostess, or latches on to celebrities in a party.
The narcissist reacts with rage and indignantly when denied his wishes and if treated equally with
others whom he deems inferior.
- Idealization or devaluation. The narcissist instantly idealizes or devalues his interlocutor.
This depends on how the narcissist appraises the potential his converser has as a Narcissistic Supply
Source. The narcissist flatters, adores, admires and applauds the "target" in an embarrassingly exaggerated
and profuse manner or sulks, abuses, and humiliates her.
- Narcissists are polite only in the presence of a potential Supply Source. But they are unable
to sustain even perfunctory civility and fast deteriorate to barbs and thinly-veiled hostility, to
verbal or other violent displays of abuse, rage attacks, or cold detachment.
- The "membership" posture. The narcissist always tries to "belong". Yet, at the very same time,
he maintains his stance as an outsider. The narcissist seeks to be admired for his ability to integrate
and ingratiate himself without investing the efforts commensurate with such an undertaking.
For instance: if the narcissist talks to a psychologist, the narcissist first states emphatically
that he never studied psychology. He then proceeds to make seemingly effortless use of obscure professional
terms, thus demonstrating that he mastered the discipline all the same, as an autodidact, which proves
that he is exceptionally intelligent or introspective.
In general, the narcissist always prefers show-off to substance. One of the most effective methods
of exposing a narcissist is by trying to delve deeper. The narcissist is shallow, a pond pretending
to be an ocean. He likes to think of himself as a Renaissance man, a Jack of all trades. The narcissist
never admits to ignorance in any field yet, typically, he is ignorant of them all. It is surprisingly
easy to penetrate the gloss and the veneer of the narcissist's self-proclaimed omniscience.
- Bragging and false autobiography. The narcissist brags incessantly. His speech is peppered with
"I", "my", "myself", and "mine". He describes himself as intelligent, or rich, or modest, or intuitive,
or creative but always excessively, implausibly, and extraordinarily so.
The narcissist's biography sounds unusually rich and complex. His achievements incommensurate
with his age, education, or renown. Yet, his actual condition is evidently and demonstrably incompatible
with his claims. Very often, the narcissist lies or his fantasies are easily discernible. He always
name-drops and appropriates other people's experiences and accomplishments.
- Emotion-free language. The narcissist likes to talk about himself and only about himself. He is
not interested in others or what they have to say, unless they constitute potential Sources of Supply
and in order to obtain said supply. He acts bored, disdainful, even angry, if he feels that they
are intruding on his precious time and, thus, abusing him.
In general, the narcissist is very impatient, easily bored, with strong attention deficits unless
and until he is the topic of discussion. One can publicly dissect all aspects of the intimate life
of a narcissist without repercussions, providing the discourse is not "emotionally tinted".
If asked to relate directly to his emotions, the narcissist intellectualizes, rationalizes, speaks
about himself in the third person and in a detached "scientific" tone or composes a narrative with
a fictitious character in it, suspiciously autobiographical. Narcissists like to refer to themselves
in mechanical terms, as efficient automata or machines.
- Seriousness and sense of intrusion and coercion. The narcissist is dead serious about himself.
He may possess a subtle, wry, and riotous sense of humor, scathing and cynical, but rarely is he
self-deprecating. The narcissist regards himself as being on a constant mission, whose importance
is cosmic and whose consequences are global. If a scientist, he is always in the throes of revolutionizing
science. If a journalist, he is in the middle of the greatest story ever. If a novelist, he is on
his way to a Booker or Nobel prize.
This self-misperception is not amenable to light-headedness or self-effacement. The narcissist
is easily hurt and insulted (narcissistic injury). Even the most innocuous remarks or acts are interpreted
by him as belittling, intruding, or coercive. His time is more valuable than others' therefore, it
cannot be wasted on unimportant matters such as mere banter or going out for a walk.
Any suggested help, advice, or concerned inquiry are immediately cast by the narcissist as intentional
humiliation, implying that the narcissist is in need of help and counsel and, thus, imperfect and
less than omnipotent. Any attempt to set an agenda is, to the narcissist, an intimidating act of
enslavement. In this sense, the narcissist is both schizoid and paranoid and often entertains ideas
of reference.
These, the lack of empathy, the aloofness, the disdain, the sense of entitlement, the constricted
sense of humor, the unequal treatment and the paranoia render the narcissist a social misfit. The
narcissist is able to provoke in his milieu, in his casual acquaintances, even in his psychotherapist,
the strongest, most avid and furious hatred and revulsion. To his shock, indignation and consternation,
he invariably induces in others unbridled aggression.
He is perceived to be asocial at best and, often, antisocial. This, perhaps, is the strongest
presenting symptom. One feels ill at ease in the presence of a narcissist for no apparent reason.
No matter how charming, intelligent, thought provoking, outgoing, easy going and social the narcissist
is he fails to secure the sympathy of others, a sympathy he is never ready, willing, or able to
reciprocate.
IV. Narcissistic and psychopathic Leaders
The narcissistic or psychopathic leader is the culmination and reification of his period, culture,
and civilization. He is likely to rise to prominence in narcissistic societies.
The malignant narcissist invents and then projects a false, fictitious, self for the world to
fear, or to admire. He maintains a tenuous grasp on reality to start with and this is further exacerbated
by the trappings of power. The narcissist's grandiose self-delusions and fantasies of omnipotence
and omniscience are supported by real life authority and the narcissist's predilection to surround
himself with obsequious sycophants.
The narcissist's personality is so precariously balanced that he cannot tolerate even a hint of
criticism and disagreement. Most narcissists are paranoid and suffer from ideas of reference (the
delusion that they are being mocked or discussed when they are not). Thus, narcissists often regard
themselves as "victims of persecution".
The narcissistic leader fosters and encourages a personality cult with all the hallmarks of an
institutional religion: priesthood, rites, rituals, temples, worship, catechism, mythology. The leader
is this religion's ascetic saint. He monastically denies himself earthly pleasures (or so he claims)
in order to be able to dedicate himself fully to his calling.
The narcissistic leader is a monstrously inverted Jesus, sacrificing his life and denying himself
so that his people or humanity at large should benefit. By surpassing and suppressing his humanity,
the narcissistic leader became a distorted version of Nietzsche's "superman".
But being a-human or super-human also means being a-sexual and a-moral.
In this restricted sense, narcissistic leaders are post-modernist and moral relativists. They
project to the masses an androgynous figure and enhance it by engendering the adoration of nudity
and all things "natural" or by strongly repressing these feelings. But what they refer to as "nature"
is not natural at all.
The narcissistic leader invariably proffers an aesthetic of decadence and evil carefully orchestrated
and artificial though it is not perceived this way by him or by his followers. Narcissistic leadership
is about reproduced copies, not about originals. It is about the manipulation of symbols not about
veritable atavism or true conservatism.
In short: narcissistic leadership is about theatre, not about life. To enjoy the spectacle (and
be subsumed by it), the leader demands the suspension of judgment, depersonalization, and de-realization.
Catharsis is tantamount, in this narcissistic dramaturgy, to self-annulment.
Narcissism is nihilistic not only operationally, or ideologically. Its very language and narratives
are nihilistic. Narcissism is conspicuous nihilism and the cult's leader serves as a role model,
annihilating the Man, only to re-appear as a pre-ordained and irresistible force of nature.
Narcissistic leadership often poses as a rebellion against the "old ways" against the hegemonic
culture, the upper classes, the established religions, the superpowers, the corrupt order. Narcissistic
movements are puerile, a reaction to narcissistic injuries inflicted upon a narcissistic (and rather
psychopathic) toddler nation-state, or group, or upon the leader.
Minorities or "others" often arbitrarily selected constitute a perfect, easily identifiable,
embodiment of all that is "wrong". They are accused of being old, they are eerily disembodied, they
are cosmopolitan, they are part of the establishment, they are "decadent", they are hated on religious
and socio-economic grounds, or because of their race, sexual orientation, origin
They are different,
they are narcissistic (feel and act as morally superior), they are everywhere, they are defenceless,
they are credulous, they are adaptable (and thus can be co-opted to collaborate in their own destruction).
They are the perfect hate figure. Narcissists thrive on hatred and pathological envy.
This is precisely the source of the fascination with Hitler, diagnosed by Erich Fromm together
with Stalin as a malignant narcissist. He was an inverted human. His unconscious was his conscious.
He acted out our most repressed drives, fantasies, and wishes. He provides us with a glimpse of the
horrors that lie beneath the veneer, the barbarians at our personal gates, and what it was like before
we invented civilization. Hitler forced us all through a time warp and many did not emerge. He was
not the devil. He was one of us. He was what Arendt aptly called the banality of evil. Just an ordinary,
mentally disturbed, failure, a member of a mentally disturbed and failing nation, who lived through
disturbed and failing times. He was the perfect mirror, a channel, a voice, and the very depth of
our souls.
The narcissistic leader prefers the sparkle and glamour of well-orchestrated illusions to the
tedium and method of real accomplishments. His reign is all smoke and mirrors, devoid of substances,
consisting of mere appearances and mass delusions. In the aftermath of his regime the narcissistic
leader having died, been deposed, or voted out of office it all unravels. The tireless and constant
prestidigitation ceases and the entire edifice crumbles. What looked like an economic miracle turns
out to have been a fraud-laced bubble. Loosely-held empires disintegrate. Laboriously assembled business
conglomerates go to pieces. "Earth shattering" and "revolutionary" scientific discoveries and theories
are discredited. Social experiments end in mayhem.
It is important to understand that the use of violence must be ego-syntonic. It must accord with
the self-image of the narcissist. It must abet and sustain his grandiose fantasies and feed his sense
of entitlement. It must conform with the narcissistic narrative.
Thus, a narcissist who regards himself as the benefactor of the poor, a member of the common folk,
the representative of the disenfranchised, the champion of the dispossessed against the corrupt elite
is highly unlikely to use violence at first.
The pacific mask crumbles when the narcissist has become convinced that the very people he purported
to speak for, his constituency, his grassroots fans, the prime sources of his narcissistic supply
have turned against him. At first, in a desperate effort to maintain the fiction underlying his
chaotic personality, the narcissist strives to explain away the sudden reversal of sentiment. "The
people are being duped by (the media, big industry, the military, the elite, etc.)", "they don't
really know what they are doing", "following a rude awakening, they will revert to form", etc.
When these flimsy attempts to patch a tattered personal mythology fail the narcissist is injured.
Narcissistic injury inevitably leads to narcissistic rage and to a terrifying display of unbridled
aggression. The pent-up frustration and hurt translate into devaluation. That which was previously
idealized is now discarded with contempt and hatred.
This primitive defense mechanism is called "splitting". To the narcissist, things and people are
either entirely bad (evil) or entirely good. He projects onto others his own shortcomings and negative
emotions, thus becoming a totally good object. A narcissistic leader is likely to justify the butchering
of his own people by claiming that they intended to kill him, undo the revolution, devastate the
economy, or the country, etc.
The "small people", the "rank and file", the "loyal soldiers" of the narcissist his flock, his
nation, his employees they pay the price. The disillusionment and disenchantment are agonizing.
The process of reconstruction, of rising from the ashes, of overcoming the trauma of having been
deceived, exploited and manipulated is drawn-out. It is difficult to trust again, to have faith,
to love, to be led, to collaborate. Feelings of shame and guilt engulf the erstwhile followers of
the narcissist. This is his sole legacy: a massive post-traumatic stress disorder.
DISCLAIMER
I am not a mental health professional. Still, I have dedicated the last 12 years to the study
of personality disorders in general and the Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) in particular.
I have authored nine (9) books about these topics, one of which is a Barnes and Noble best-seller
("Malignant Self-love: Narcissism Revisited"). My work is widely cited in scholarly tomes and publications
and in the media. My books and the content of my Web site are based on correspondence since 1996
with hundreds of people suffering from the Narcissistic Personality Disorder (narcissists) and with
thousands of their family members, friends, therapists, and colleagues.
Notable quotes:
"... the narcissist is someone who has "buried his true self-expression in response to early injuries and replaced it with a highly developed, compensatory false self." ..."
"... In our highly individualistic and externally driven society, mild to severe forms of narcissism are not only pervasive but often encouraged. ..."
"... It is more accurate to characterize the pathological narcissist as someone who's in love with an idealized self-image , which they project in order to avoid feeling (and being seen as) the real, disenfranchised, wounded self. Deep down, most pathological narcissists feel like the "ugly duckling," even if they painfully don't want to admit it. ..."
"... Some narcissists have an exaggerated sense of self-importance, believing that others cannot live or survive without his or her magnificent contributions. ..."
"... "Some people try to be tall by cutting off the heads of others" - Paramhansa Yogananda ..."
"... Making decisions for others to suit one's own needs. The narcissist may use his or her romantic partner, child, friend, or colleague to meet unreasonable self-serving needs, fulfill unrealized dreams , or cover up self-perceived inadequacies and flaws. ..."
Be on the lookout for these, before you get manipulated.
"That's enough of me talking about myself; let's hear you talk about me"
― Anonymous
"It's not easy being superior to everyone I know."
― Anonymous
Psychologist Stephen Johnson writes that the narcissist is someone who has "buried his true
self-expression in response to early injuries and replaced it with a highly developed, compensatory
false self." This alternate persona to the real self often comes across as grandiose, "above
others," self-absorbed, and highly conceited. In our highly individualistic and externally driven
society, mild to severe forms of narcissism are not only pervasive but often encouraged.
Narcissism is often interpreted in popular culture as a person who's in
love with him
or herself. It is more accurate to characterize the pathological narcissist as someone who's
in love with an idealized
self-image , which
they project in order to avoid feeling (and being seen as) the real, disenfranchised, wounded self.
Deep down, most pathological narcissists feel like the "ugly duckling," even if they painfully don't
want to admit it.
How do you know when you're dealing with a narcissist? The following are some telltale signs,
excerpted from my book (click on title): "
How to Successfully Handle Narcissists
(link is external) ". While most of us are
guilty of some of the
following behaviors at one time or another, a pathological narcissist tends to dwell habitually in
several of the following personas, while remaining largely unaware of (or unconcerned with) how his
or her actions affect others.
1. Conversation Hoarder . The narcissist loves to talk about him or herself,
and doesn't give you a chance to take part in a two-way conversation. You struggle to have your views
and feelings heard. When you do get a word in, if it's not in agreement with the narcissist, your
comments are likely to be corrected, dismissed, or ignored. As in: "My father's favorite responses
to my views were: 'but
,' 'actually
,' and 'there's more to it than this
' He always has to feel
like he knows better." ― Anonymous
2. Conversation Interrupter. While many people have the poor communication habit
of interrupting others, the narcissist interrupts and quickly switches the focus back to herself.
He shows little genuine interest in you.
3. Rule Breaker. The narcissist enjoys getting away with violating rules and
social norms, such as cutting in line, chronic under-tipping, stealing office supplies, breaking
multiple appointments, or disobeying traffic laws. As in: "I take pride in persuading people to give
me exceptions to their rules" ― Anonymous
4. Boundary Violator. Shows wanton disregard for other people's thoughts, feelings,
possessions, and physical space. Oversteps and uses others without consideration or sensitivity.
Borrows items or money without returning. Breaks promises and obligations repeatedly. Shows little
remorse and blames the victim for one's own lack of respect. As in: "It's your fault that I forgot
because you didn't remind me"― Anonymous
5. False Image Projection. Many narcissists like to do things to impress others
by making themselves look good externally. This "trophy" complex can exhibit itself physically, romantically,
sexually, socially, religiously, financially, materially, professionally, academically, or culturally.
In these situations, the narcissist uses people, objects, status, and/or accomplishments to represent
the self, substituting for the perceived, inadequate "real" self. These grandstanding "merit badges"
are often exaggerated. The underlying message of this type of display is: "I'm better than you!"
or "Look at how special I am-I'm worthy of everyone's love, admiration, and acceptance!" as in: "I
dyed my hair blond and enlarged my breasts to get men's attention-and to make other women
jealous " - Anonymous.
Or "My accomplishments are everything" ― Anonymous executive Or "I never want to be looked upon as
poor. My fiancι and I each drive a Mercedes. The best man at our upcoming wedding also drives a Mercedes."
― Anonymous.
In a big way, these external symbols become pivotal parts of the narcissist's false identity,
replacing the real and injured self.
6. Entitlement. Narcissists often expect preferential treatment from others.
They expect others to cater (often instantly) to their needs, without being considerate in return.
In their mindset, the world revolves around them.
7. Charmer. Narcissists can be very
charismatic and persuasive.
When they're interested in you (for their own gratification), they make you feel very special and
wanted. However, once they lose interest in you (most likely after they've gotten what they want,
or became bored), they may drop you without a second thought. A narcissist can be very engaging and
sociable, as long as you're fulfilling what she desires, and giving her all of your attention.
8. Grandiose Personality. Thinking of oneself as a hero or heroine, a prince
or princess, or one of a kind special person. Some narcissists have an exaggerated sense of self-importance,
believing that others cannot live or survive without his or her magnificent contributions. As
in: "I'm looking for a man who will treat my daughter and me like princesses" ― Anonymous
singles ad. Or: "Once again I saved the day-without me, they're nothing" ― Anonymous
9. Negative Emotions. Many narcissists enjoy spreading and arousing negative
emotions to gain attention, feel powerful, and keep you insecure and off-balance. They are easily
upset at any real or perceived slights or inattentiveness. They may throw a tantrum if you disagree
with their views, or fail to meet their expectations. They are extremely sensitive to criticism,
and typically respond with heated argument (fight) or cold detachment (flight). On the other hand,
narcissists are often quick to judge, criticize, ridicule, and blame you. Some narcissists are emotionally
abusive. By making you feel inferior, they boost their fragile ego, and feel better about themselves.
As in: "Some people try to be tall by cutting off the heads of others" - Paramhansa Yogananda
10. Manipulation: Using Others as an Extension of Self. Making decisions
for others to suit one's own needs. The narcissist may use his or her romantic partner, child, friend,
or colleague to meet unreasonable self-serving needs, fulfill unrealized
dreams , or cover up
self-perceived inadequacies and flaws. As in: "If my son doesn't grow up to be a professional
baseball player, I'll disown him" ― Anonymous father. Or: "Aren't you beautiful? Aren't you beautiful?
You're going to be just as pretty as mommy" ― Anonymous mother
Another way narcissists manipulate is through guilt, such as proclaiming, "I've given you so much,
and you're so ungrateful," or, "I'm a victim-you must help me or you're not a good person." They
hijack your emotions, and beguile you to make unreasonable sacrifices.
If you find yourself in a relationship with a difficult narcissist, there are many strategies
and skills you can utilize to help restore
health , balance, and
respect. In my book (click on title): "
How to Successfully Handle Narcissists
(link is external) ," you'll learn how to maintain composure, ways to be proactive instead of
reactive, seven powerful strategies to handle narcissists, eight ways to say "no" diplomatically
but firmly, keys to negotiate successfully with narcissists, and seven types of power you can utilize
to compel cooperation
.
For more on dealing with difficult people, see my publications (click on titles):
Follow me on Twitter
(link is external) , Facebook (link
is external) , and LinkedIn
(link is external) !
Preston Ni, M.S.B.A. is available as a presenter, workshop facilitator, and private
coach. For more information, write to [email protected]
(link sends e-mail) , or visit www.nipreston.com
(link is external) .
Old News ;-)
4 Warning Signs You're Dating a Narcissist World of Psychology
That is what a relationship with a narcissist is like. In the beginning there's flash and excitement.
Their presence is magnetic and he or she seems larger than life. They are intelligent, charming,
and popular, and when they're the center of attention, some of the spotlight shines on you, too,
leaving you glowing with pride, importance, and accomplishment. Yet after a while, you discover
that under the surface the relationship is hollow. Soon, the excitement and status wear thin.
This is because a true narcissist lacks inner qualities necessary for a healthy bond: empathic
perspective-taking, a moral conscience, stable confidence, and the ability to be intimate and
genuine with another human being. Being in a relationship with a narcissist (especially if you
don't realize they are one) can leave you feeling worthless, emotionally exhausted, and unfulfilled.
So how can you know if you are in this kind of "hollow chocolate bunny" relationship before
it crashes and burns in heartache? Do you have to wait until your relationship sours to find out?
Not necessarily. Spotting the signs early means being able to avoid getting entangled in a narcissist's
web, and could spare you from doing the challenging, messy work of digging yourself out later.
Here's a few signs to look for in your partner, which may signal that the person you are dating
has narcissistic tendencies, and the negative effects those behaviors can have on you:
1. He poses as "The Most Interesting Man in the World."
A narcissist may initially intrigue you with his or her apparent confidence, swagger, or audacity,
regaling you with stories about accomplishments, rubbing elbows with influential people, or their
innumerable talents and gifts. He or she may seem fun and magnetic, always the center of attention
and the life of the party, but this may actually be a facade - a ploy to satisfy the narcissist's
pathological need for praise and reassurance. You may come to find out that the stories are exaggerated
(or altogether false), their confidence is artificial and fragile, and his or her need for attention
may trump good judgment or others' needs.
2. You feel talked down to.
Because narcissists deeply lack self-esteem, almost everything else in their lives is orchestrated
to hide their weaknesses and give them a temporary sense of power and success. This can take the
form of subtle insults that cause you to question your worth, such as a dismissive sneer when
you make an observation, a condescending "that's nice" when you share an accomplishment you're
proud of, or demeaning comments about your behavior or appearance.
When you look to a partner who is a narcissist, it can feel like you're looking into a funhouse
mirror and getting back a distorted view of yourself. Your flaws seem to be highlighted and your
strengths diminished - a careful ruse constructed to ensure the narcissist holds themselves in
a more flattering light.
3. She acts like the victim.
Narcissism also is characterized by extreme self-centeredness. Anything that is outside the
narcissist's experience or that contradicts his or her beliefs is wrong, foolish, or crazy. For
this reason, a conflict with a narcissist is almost certain to end with all the blame being directed
to you. This, combined with the funhouse mirror effect, can make even minor arguments emotionally
exhausting.
Nothing you say can convince the narcissist that you're not making intentional and irrational
attacks against him or her. In the narcissist's eyes, you're somehow responsible for their sadness,
anger, or even immoral behavior.
4. Your relationship feels one-sided and shallow.
When it's time to move from casual to committed, this is where the "hollow chocolate bunny"
effect of narcissism really shows through. A relationship with a narcissist is unlikely ever to
reach greater depths of sharing, emotion, and intimacy.
A narcissist is likely to spend time with you when it suits his or her emotional, physical,
or sexual needs, and dismiss or ignore your needs, desires, and preferences. Your time together
is likely to be marked by a lack of genuine interest in anything other than him- or herself. For
example, you could get late-night calls when he or she is distraught, excited, or wants something
but similar calls from you may not even be answered. Attempts to share your deeper thoughts, beliefs,
or feelings may be given lip service, ignored, or dismissed.
If these seem to describe your current relationship, don't panic. In fact, seize the opportunity
to reflect and evaluate your twosome. These red flags may help shed light on the dysfunction you're
bearing and guide you away from further pain. If you want to make things work, there are ways
to cope with dating or living with a narcissist, including developing conflict-resolution skills
and bolstering your own confidence and self-esteem to shield you against narcissistic attacks.
Ultimately, knowledge is power. Being aware of signs of narcissism (and some of the problems
that can arise from dating a narcissist) allows you to be prepared and to make informed decisions
about the relationship.
The Huffington Post | Brittany Wong | Posted 01.14.2016 |
Divorce
Read More:
Narcissism,
Narcissist,
Dating a Narcissist,
Relationship
With a Narcissist,
How to Spot
a Narcissist,
Relationship Problems,
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Toxic Relationships,
Divorce News
It's easy to fall for a narcissist: they're charming, polished and quick to get in your good graces
with compliments and constant attention. Once you ...
Read Whole Story
YourTango | Posted 12.03.2015 |
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What do you get when you cross a sociopath with a narcissist?
Read Whole Story
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Women
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There are definitely fairy tale stories out there of two people falling madly in love with each
other right at the get go and spending their lives happily ever after, but that is generally not
the norm. Keep your guard up the more intensely the person is into you and the earlier on it occurs.
Read Whole Story
Divorced Moms | Posted 03.19.2015 |
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Personality Disorder,
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Nancy Kay,
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Could you be dating a narcissist and not even know it?
Read Whole Story
Melissa Schenker | Posted 09.22.2014 |
Women
Read More:
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Women,
Relationships,
Men Women Relationships,
Love,
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A narcissist can seem to love you. A narcissist can make it look like love. A narcissist can say
the words of love. A narcissist can think it's love. Unfortunately, when involved with a narcissist,
you are enmeshed but not in love. You can be enmeshed and mistake that for love. But enmeshment and
love are not the same thing.
Read Whole Story
Melissa Schenker | Posted 08.13.2014 |
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Read More:
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Self-Esteem,
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a Narcissist,
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Signs of Narcissism,
Relationship
Advice, Women News
If you are still involved with a narcissist, you may not realize how completely your attention
has been diverted from your self and your own life.
Read Whole Story
Dr. Craig Malkin | Posted 06.23.2014 |
Healthy Living
Read More:
Healthy Relationships,
Attachment,
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Relationships,
Dating a Narcissist,
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Narcissists,
Emotional Intelligence,
Healthy Living News
If you've tried a more loving approach to sharing what hurts in your relationship, and the narcissist
in your life still won't soften, you truly have done everything you can.
Read Whole Story
Dr. Craig Malkin | Posted 11.10.2013 |
Healthy Living
Read More:
Narcissism,
Healthy Relationships,
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Intelligence, Insecurity,
Healthy Living News
As a therapist, I've seen firsthand that changing relational patterns often transforms even the
most inflexible "trait" into something softer, gentler -- not a fixed feature, but a protection that
eventually yields to touch and intimacy in all the ways one would hope.
Read Whole Story
Dr. Craig Malkin | Posted 07.30.2013 |
Women
Read More:
Attachment,
Narcissism,
Insecurity,
Relationships,
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Tina Swithin,
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Relationships,
Dating a Narcissist,
Narcissists,
Women News
The most glaring problems are easy to spot -- but if you get too hung up on the obvious traits,
you can easily miss the subtle (and often more common) features that allow a narcissist to sneak
into your life and wreak havoc.
Here's a
partial checklist . You decide.
1. "Common to malignant narcissism is
narcissistic rage .
Narcissistic rage is a reaction to narcissistic injury (when the narcissist feels degraded by another
person, typically in the form of
criticism
)."
2. "When the narcissist's grandiose sense of self-worth is perceived as being attacked by another
person, the narcissist's natural reaction is to rage and pull down the self-worth of others (to make
the narcissist feel superior to others). It is an attempt by the narcissist to soothe their internal
pain and hostility, while at the same time rebuilding their self worth."
3. "Narcissistic rage also occurs when the narcissist perceives that he/she is being prevented from
accomplishing their grandiose fantasies."
4. "Because the narcissist derives pleasure from the fulfillment of their grandiose dreams (akin
to an addiction), anyone standing between the narcissist and their (wish) fulfillment ... may be
subject to narcissistic rage. Narcissistic rage will frequently include yelling and berating of the
person that has slighted the narcissist, but if strong enough could provoke more hostile feelings."
5. "Individuals with malignant narcissism will display a
two faced personality. Creation
of a 'false self' is linked to the narcissist's fear of being inadequate or
inferior to others
and this mask becomes ingrained into their personality so as to project a sense of superiority to
others at all times."
6. "The narcissist gains a sense of esteem from the feedback of other people as it is common for
the malignant narcissist to suffer from extremely low levels of self-esteem."
7. "The ... false self of the malignant narcissist is created because the real self doesn't meet
his or her own expectations. Instead, the narcissist tends to mimic emotional displays of other people
and creates a grandiose self to harbor their internalized fantasies of greatness."
8. "The [false self] is used by the narcissist to present to the outside world what appears to be
a normal, functioning human being and to help maintain his or her own fantasies of an idealized self.
The narcissist constantly builds upon this false self, creating a fictional character that is used
to show off to the world and to help them feed off the emotions of other people."
There's ongoing debate about "malignant narcissism" as a diagnosis, and some people prefer to use
the standard
DSM-IV version
. It doesn't make much difference in this case.
... ... ...
It's possible that Obama may be a
"fanatic type" of narcissist.
That could mean a world of trouble for the Democrats, for the nation, and given his position in the
world, for other countries as well.
Here is Theodore Millon's definition of the fanatic type:
fanatic type - including
paranoid
features. A severely narcissistically wounded individual, usually with major paranoid tendencies
who holds onto an illusion of omnipotence. These people are fighting the reality of their insignificance
and lost value and are trying to re-establish their self-esteem through grandiose fantasies and
self-reinforcement. When unable to gain recognition of support from others, they take on the role
of a heroic or worshipped person with a grandiose mission.
Notable quotes:
"... Trait labels like narcissist, or the admittedly less stigmatizing ones like extrovert and introvert, merely provide a shorthand description. They're a stand-in for "this person scored high on a trait measure of narcissism or extroversion or introversion." They can never hope to capture the whole person. ..."
"... For more by Dr. Craig Malkin, click here . ..."
"... For more on emotional intelligence, click here . ..."
The author is a Clinical Psychologist,
Lecturer Harvard Medical School
At the end of May 2013, I wrote
an article titled "5 Early Warning Signs You're With a Narcissist." It sparked a number of rich
conversations through comments, emails,
Facebook and
Twitter . Not surprisingly, the vast
majority of reactions came from people who feared they were currently in a relationship with a narcissist.
Nevertheless, some of them - often among the most heartfelt and desperate of messages - came from
people who'd either been diagnosed with Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD), or felt convinced
they met criteria for the diagnosis. From both sides, the same question surfaced again and again:
Is there hope for those with NPD and the people who love them? Is there anything we can do if we
see early warning signs or actual diagnostic criteria besides end the relationship? As simple as
they might seem on the surface, questions like these resonate with some of the deepest concerns in
psychology. Can we change our personalities? More to the point, can people who meet criteria for
personality disorders open themselves up to new and better experiences in relationships and in the
world? I'm going to go on record as saying, yes, I do believe it's possible for people to change,
even if they've been diagnosed with something as deeply entrenched and formidable as a personality
disorder.
Trait labels like narcissist, or the admittedly less stigmatizing ones like extrovert and
introvert, merely provide a shorthand description. They're a stand-in for "this person scored high
on a trait measure of narcissism or extroversion or introversion." They can never hope to capture
the whole person. (Bear in mind that even Jung, who introduced the latter concepts,
firmly believed we all possess both an introvert and an extrovert side , regardless of
how much we tend to one side or the other.) Nevertheless, when they become diagnostic labels, like
"narcissist" or "Narcissistic Personality Disorder," these stark descriptions imply something that
goes far beyond a tendency or a style - they suggest permanence and a set of stable enduring features.
I have more hope than this. I believe that rather than simply being "who we are," our personalities
are also patterns of interaction. That is, personality, whether disordered or not , has as
much to do with how (and with whom) we interact as it does with our genes and wired-in temperament.
So what pattern does the narcissist follow?
Many have suggested that NPD emerges from an environment in which vulnerability comes to feel
dangerous, representing, at worst, either a grave defect, or at best, a stubborn barrier to becoming
a worthwhile human being - that's simplifying a great deal of research and theory, but it's a workable
summary - hence the correlation between NPD and
insecure attachment styles , in which fears of depending on anyone at all engender constant attempts
to control the relationship or avoid intimacy altogether. If you devote yourself to directing interactions
or holding people at arms length, it's a lot harder to become vulnerable (needless to say, the "safety"
is largely an illusion). People with NPD have learned to ignore, suppress, deny, project and disavow
their vulnerabilities (or at least try) in their attempts to shape and reshape "who they are" in
their interactions. Change - allowing the vulnerability back in - means opening up to the very feelings
they've learned to avoid at all costs. It's not that people with NPD can't change, it's that it often
threatens their sense of personhood to try. And their failed relationships often confirm, in their
minds, that narcissism is the safest way to live. Put another way, narcissists can't be narcissistic
in a vacuum. They need the right audience in order to feel like a star, for example, so they often
cultivate relationships with people who stick around for the show, instead of the person. Over time,
as their perfect faηade starts to slip, their constant fear that people will find them lacking becomes
a horrifying reality. The very people who stuck around for the show lose interest when it ends -
which merely convinces the narcissist they need to hide their flaws and put on a better show. Alternatively,
even when they fall for someone who could be more than just an adoring fan - someone who offers the
hope of a more authentic, enduring love - narcissists still live with the paralyzing fear they'll
somehow be deemed unworthy. Their terror is frequently out of awareness, and nearly always managed
with bravado and blame, but it's profound and palpable. Sadly, their anger at having their mistakes
and missteps exposed ultimately alienates their loved ones, and the demise of yet another relationship
prompts them to redouble their efforts to avoid vulnerability - in short, it pushes them towards
more narcissism.
The sad irony of the narcissistic condition is that, in an effort to protect themselves,
narcissists inevitably invite the very rejection and abandonment they fear in the first place. The
key then, to interacting with someone you suspect is narcissistic, is to break the vicious circle
- to gently thwart their frantic efforts to control, distance, defend or blame in the relationship
by sending the message that you're more than willing to connect with them, but not on these terms
- to invite them into a version of intimacy where they can be loved and admired, warts and all -
if they only allow the experience to happen. As a therapist, I've seen firsthand that changing relational
patterns often transforms even the most inflexible "trait" into something softer, gentler - not a
fixed feature, but a protection that eventually yields to touch and intimacy in all the ways one
would hope. Narcissism is a way of relating. Not everyone can shift into a more flexible form of
intimacy, but some can, and in the next post, I plan to share steps you can take to help you decide
whether or not the person you're with is capable of seeing themselves - and you - through a less-constricting
lens than the narcissistic worldview. If you like my posts, let me know! Let's connect on
facebook and
twitter. I frequently respond
to comments and questions there. And feel free to check out
www.drcraigmalkin.com for more
tips and advice, as well as information on my
book in progress .
For more by Dr. Craig Malkin, click
here . For
more on emotional intelligence,
click here
.
Notable quotes:
"... Feelings are a natural consequence of being human, and we tend to have lots of them in the course of normal interactions. But the very fact of having a feeling in the presence of another person suggests you can be touched emotionally by friends, family, partners, and even the occasional tragedy or failure. Narcissists abhor feeling influenced in any significant way. It challenges their sense of perfect autonomy; to admit to a feeling of any kind suggests they can be affected by someone or something outside of them. So they often change the subject when feelings come up, especially their own, and as quick as they might be to anger, it's often like pulling teeth to get them to admit that they've reached the boiling point - even when they're in the midst of the most terrifying tirade. ..."
"... If you like my posts, let me know! Let's connect on facebook and twitter. I frequently respond to comments and questions there. And feel free to check out www.drcraigmalkin.com for more tips and advice, as well as information on my book in progress . ..."
"... For more by Dr. Craig Malkin, click here . ..."
Dr. Craig Malkin , Author, Clinical
Psychologist, Lecturer Harvard Medical School
At the beginning of April this year, I was tapped by the Huffington Post Live team for a
discussion on narcissism . I happily agreed to appear, for a number of reasons, not the least
of which is that narcissism happens to be one of my favorite subjects. Early in my training, I had
the pleasure of working with one of the foremost authorities on narcissism in our field, and in part
because of that experience, I went on to work with quite a few clients who'd been diagnosed with
narcissistic personality disorder . That's where I learned that the formal diagnostic label hardly
does justice to the richness and complexity of this condition. The most glaring problems are easy
to spot - the apparent absence of even a shred of empathy, the grandiose plans and posturing, the
rage at being called out on the slightest of imperfections or normal human missteps - but if you
get too hung up on the obvious traits, you can easily miss the subtle (and often more common) features
that allow a narcissist to sneak into your life and wreak havoc. Just ask
Tina Swithin , who went
on to write a book
about surviving her experience with a man who clearly meets criteria for NPD (and very likely,
a few other diagnoses). To her lovestruck eyes, her soon-to-be husband seemed more like a prince
charming than the callous, deceitful spendthrift he later proved to be. Looking back, Tina explains,
there were signs of trouble from the start, but they were far from obvious at the time. In real life,
the most dangerous villains rarely advertise their malevolence. So what are we to do? How do we protect
ourselves from narcissists if they're so adept at slipping into our lives unnoticed? I shared some
of my answers to that question in our conversation, and I encourage you to watch it. But there were
a few I didn't get to, and others I didn't have the chance to describe in depth, so I thought I'd
take the opportunity to revisit the topic here. Tread carefully if you catch a glimpse of any of
these subtler signs:
1) Projected Feelings of Insecurity: I don't mean that narcissists
see insecurity everywhere. I'm talking about a different kind of projection altogether, akin
to playing hot potato with a sense of smallness and deficiency. Narcissists say and do things, subtle
or obvious, that make you feel less smart, less accomplished, less competent. It's as if they're
saying, "I don't want to feel this insecure and small; here, you take the feelings." Picture the
boss who questions your methods after their own decision derails an important project, the date who
frequently claims not to understand what you've said, even when you've been perfectly clear, or the
friend who always damns you with faint praise ("Pretty good job this time!"). Remember the saying:
"Don't knock your neighbor's porch light out to make yours shine brighter." Well, the narcissist
loves to knock out your lights to seem brighter by comparison.
2) Emotion-phobia: Feelings
are a natural consequence of being human, and we tend to have lots of them in the course of normal
interactions. But the very fact of having a feeling in the presence of another person suggests you
can be touched emotionally by friends, family, partners, and even the occasional tragedy or failure.
Narcissists abhor feeling influenced in any significant way. It challenges their sense of perfect
autonomy; to admit to a feeling of any kind suggests they can be affected by someone or something
outside of them. So they often change the subject when feelings come up, especially their own, and
as quick as they might be to anger, it's often like pulling teeth to get them to admit that they've
reached the boiling point - even when they're in the midst of the most terrifying tirade.
3) A
Fragmented Family Story: Narcissism seems to be born of neglect and abuse, both of which are
notorious for creating an insecure attachment style (for more on attachment, see
here and
here ). But the very fact that narcissists, for all their posturing, are deeply insecure, also
gives us an easy way to spot them. Insecurely attached people can't talk coherently about their family
and childhood; their early memories are confused, contradictory, and riddled with gaps. Narcissists
often give themselves away precisely because their childhood story makes no sense, and the most common
myth they carry around is the perfect family story. If your date sings their praises for their exalted
family but the reasons for their panegyric seem vague or discursive, look out. The devil is in the
details, as they say - and very likely, that's why you're not hearing them.
4) Idol Worship:
Another common narcissistic tendency you might be less familiar with is the habit of putting
people on pedestals. The logic goes a bit like this: "If I find someone perfect to be close to, maybe
some of their perfection will rub off on me, and I'll become perfect by association." The fact that
no one can be perfect is usually lost on the idol-worshipping narcissist - at least until they discover,
as they inevitably do, that their idol has clay feet. And stand back once that happens. Few experiences
can prepare you for the vitriol of a suddenly disappointed narcissist. Look out for any pressure
to conform to an image of perfection, no matter how lovely or magical the compulsive flattery might
feel.
5) A High Need for Control: For the same reason narcissists often loathe the subject
of feelings, they can't stand to be at the mercy of other people's preferences; it reminds them that
they aren't invulnerable or completely independent - that, in fact, they might have to ask
for what they want - and even worse, people may not feel like meeting the request. Rather than express
needs or preferences themselves, they often arrange events (and maneuver people) to orchestrate the
outcomes they desire. In the extreme form, this can manifest as abusive, controlling behaviors. (Think
of the man who berates his wife when dinner isn't ready as soon as he comes home. He lashes out precisely
because at that very moment, he's forced to acknowledge that he depends on his wife, something
he'd rather avoid.) But as with most of these red flags, the efforts at control are often far subtler
than outright abuse. Be on the look out for anyone who leaves you feeling nervous about approaching
certain topics or sharing your own preferences. Narcissists have a way of making choices feel off-limits
without expressing any anger at all - a disapproving wince, a last-minute call to preempt the plans,
chronic lateness whenever you're in charge of arranging a night together. It's more like a war of
attrition on your will than an outright assault on your freedom. None of these signs, in isolation,
proves that you're with a narcissist. But if you see a lot of them, it's best to sit up and take
notice. They're all way of dodging vulnerability, and that's a narcissist's favorite tactic.
If you like my posts, let me know! Let's connect on
facebook and
twitter. I frequently respond to
comments and questions there. And feel free to check out
www.drcraigmalkin.com for more tips and
advice, as well as information on my
book in progress .
For more by Dr. Craig Malkin,
click here .
Notable quotes:
"... As Dr. Robert Klitzman, a professor of psychiatry and the director of the master's of bioethics program at Columbia University, pointed out, the American Psychiatric Association declares it unethical for psychiatrists to comment on an individual's mental state without examining him personally and having the patient's consent to make such comments. ..."
"... To degrade people is really part of a cluster-B personality disorder: it's antisocial and shows a lack of remorse for other people. The way to make it O.K. to attack someone verbally, psychologically, or physically is to lower them. That's what he's doing. ..."
"... Narcissists are not necessarily liars, but they are notoriously uncomfortable with the truth. The truth means the potential to feel ashamed. If all they have to show the world as a source of feeling acceptable is their success and performance, be it in business or sports or celebrity, then the risk of people seeing them fail or squander their success is so difficult to their self-esteem that they feel ashamed. We call it the narcissistic injury. They're uncomfortable with their own limitations. It's not that they're cut out to lie, it's just that they can't handle what's real ..."
"... Most narcissists don't seek treatment unless there's someone threatening to take something away from them. There'd have to be some kind of meaningful consequence for him to come in. ..."
"... They're aware; the problem is, they don't care. They know how you'd like them to act; the problem is, they've got a different set of rules. The kind of approach that can have some impact is confrontational. It confronts distorted thinking and behavior patterns in the here-and-now moment when the narcissists are doing their thing in the session. It's confronted on the spot; you invite them to do something different, then you reinforce them for doing so. ..."
Vanity Fair
As his presidential campaign trundles forward, millions of sane Americans are wondering: What
exactly is wrong with this strange individual? Now, we have an answer.
For mental-health professionals, Donald Trump is at once easily diagnosed but slightly confounding.
"Remarkably narcissistic," said developmental psychologist Howard Gardner, a professor at Harvard
Graduate School of Education. "Textbook narcissistic personality disorder," echoed clinical psychologist
Ben Michaelis. "He's so classic that I'm archiving video clips of him to use in workshops because
there's no better example of his characteristics," said clinical psychologist George Simon, who conducts
lectures and seminars on manipulative behavior. "Otherwise, I would have had to hire actors and write
vignettes. He's like a dream come true."
That mental-health professionals are even willing to talk about Trump in the first place may attest
to their deep concern about a Trump presidency. As Dr. Robert Klitzman, a professor of psychiatry
and the director of the master's of bioethics program at Columbia University, pointed out, the American
Psychiatric Association declares it unethical for psychiatrists to comment on an individual's mental
state without examining him personally and having the patient's consent to make such comments.
This so-called Goldwater rule arose after the publication of a 1964 Fact magazine article in
which psychiatrists were polled about Senator Barry Goldwater's fitness to be president. Senator
Goldwater brought a $2 million suit against the magazine and its publisher; the Supreme Court awarded
him $1 in compensatory damages and $75,000 in punitive damages.
But you don't need to have met Donald Trump to feel like you know him; even the smallest exposure
can make you feel like you've just crossed a large body of water in a small boat with him. Indeed,
though narcissistic personality disorder was removed from the most recent issue of the Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, for somewhat arcane reasons, the traits that have defined
the disorder in the past-grandiosity; an expectation that others will recognize one's superiority;
a lack of empathy-are writ large in Mr. Trump's behavior.
"He's very easy to diagnose," said psychotherapist Charlotte Prozan. "In the first debate, he
talked over people and was domineering. He'll do anything to demean others, like tell Carly Fiorina
he doesn't like her looks. 'You're fired!' would certainly come under lack of empathy. And he wants
to deport immigrants, but [two of] his wives have been immigrants." Michaelis took a slightly different
twist on Trump's desire to deport immigrants: "This man is known for his golf courses, but, with
due respect, who does he think works on these golf courses?"
Mr. Trump's bullying nature-taunting Senator John McCain for being captured in Vietnam, or saying
Jeb Bush has "low energy"-is in keeping with the narcissistic profile. "In the field we use clusters
of personality disorders," Michaelis said. "Narcissism is in cluster B, which means it has similarities
with histrionic personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, and antisocial personality
disorder. There are similarities between them. Regardless of how you feel about John McCain, the
man served-and suffered. Narcissism is an extreme defense against one's own feelings of worthlessness.
To degrade people is really part of a cluster-B personality disorder: it's antisocial and shows
a lack of remorse for other people. The way to make it O.K. to attack someone verbally, psychologically,
or physically is to lower them. That's what he's doing."
What of Trump's tendency to position himself as a possible savior to the economy despite the fact
that four of his companies have declared bankruptcy? "It's mind-boggling to me that that's not the
story," said Michaelis. "This man has been given more than anyone could ever hope for," he added,
referring to the fact that Trump is not wholly self-made, "yet he's failed miserably time and time
again." Licensed clinical social worker Wendy Terrie Behary, the author of Disarming the Narcissist:
Surviving and Thriving with the Self-Absorbed, said,
"Narcissists are not necessarily liars, but they are notoriously uncomfortable with the
truth. The truth means the potential to feel ashamed. If all they have to show the world as a
source of feeling acceptable is their success and performance, be it in business or sports or
celebrity, then the risk of people seeing them fail or squander their success is so difficult
to their self-esteem that they feel ashamed. We call it the narcissistic injury. They're uncomfortable
with their own limitations. It's not that they're cut out to lie, it's just that they can't handle
what's real."
Indeed, the need to protect or exalt the self is at odds with the job requirements of a president.
Michaelis said, "He's applying for the greatest job in the land, the greatest task of which is to
serve, but there's nothing about the man that is service-oriented. He's only serving himself." As
Prozan sees it, "He keeps saying he could negotiate with Putin because he's good at deals. But diplomacy
involves a back and forth between equals." Dr. Klitzman added, "I have never met Donald Trump and
so cannot comment on his psychological state. However, I think that, in general, many candidates
who run for president are driven in large part by ego. I hope that does not preclude their motivation
to govern with the best interests of the public as a whole in mind. Yet for some candidates, that
may, alas, be a threat."
Asked what, if Mr. Trump were their patient, they would "work on" with him, several of the therapists
laughed. "I'd be shocked if he walked in my door," said Behary. "Most narcissists don't seek
treatment unless there's someone threatening to take something away from them. There'd have to be
some kind of meaningful consequence for him to come in." Simon concurred but added, "There is
help available, but it doesn't look like the help people are used to. It's not insight-oriented psychotherapy,
because narcissists already have insight. They're aware; the problem is, they don't care. They
know how you'd like them to act; the problem is, they've got a different set of rules. The kind of
approach that can have some impact is confrontational. It confronts distorted thinking and behavior
patterns in the here-and-now moment when the narcissists are doing their thing in the session. It's
confronted on the spot; you invite them to do something different, then you reinforce them for doing
so."
But for at least one mental-health professional, the Trump enigma, or should we say non-enigma,
is larger than the bluster of the man whose own Web site calls him "the very definition of the American
success story, continually setting the standards of excellence"-to this mind-set, Trump may be a
kind of bellwether. Mr. Gardner said, "For me, the compelling question is the psychological state
of his supporters. They are unable or unwilling to make a connection between the challenges faced
by any president and the knowledge and behavior of Donald Trump. In a democracy, that is disastrous."
Notable quotes:
"... In the final analysis, emotionally bonding with an abuser is actually a strategy for survival for victims of abuse and intimidation. The "Stockholm Syndrome" reaction in hostage and/or abuse situations is so well recognized at this time that police hostage negotiators no longer view it as unusual. ..."
"... Stockholm Syndrome (SS) can also be found in family, romantic, and interpersonal relationships. The abuser may be a husband or wife, boyfriend or girlfriend, father or mother, or any other role in which the abuser is in a position of control or authority. ..."
"... In relationships with abusers, a birthday card, a gift (usually provided after a period of abuse), or a special treat are interpreted as not only positive, but evidence that the abuser is not "all bad" and may at some time correct his/her behavior. Abusers and controllers are often given positive credit for not abusing their partner, when the partner would have normally been subjected to verbal or physical abuse in a certain situation. An aggressive and jealous partner may normally become intimidating or abusive in certain social situations, as when an opposite-sex coworker waves in a crowd. After seeing the wave, the victim expects to be verbally battered and when it doesn't happen, that "small kindness" is interpreted as a positive sign. ..."
"... During the relationship, the abuser/controller may share information about their past - how they were mistreated, abused, neglected, or wronged. ..."
"... Sympathy may develop toward the abuser and we often hear the victim of Stockholm Syndrome defending their abuser with "I know he fractured my jaw and ribs
but he's troubled. He had a rough childhood!" ..."
"... Keep in mind: once you become hardened to the "sad stories", they will simply try another approach. I know of no victim of abuse or crime who has heard their abuser say "I'm beating (robbing, mugging, etc.) you because my Mom hated me!" ..."
"... In abusive and controlling relationships, the victim has the sense they are always "walking on eggshells" - fearful of saying or doing anything that might prompt a violent/intimidating outburst. For their survival, they begin to see the world through the abuser's perspective. They begin to fix things that might prompt an outburst, act in ways they know makes the abuser happy, or avoid aspects of their own life that may prompt a problem. If we only have a dollar in our pocket, then most of our decisions become financial decisions. If our partner is an abuser or controller, then the majority of our decisions are based on our perception of the abuser's potential reaction. We become preoccupied with the needs, desires, and habits of the abuser/controller. ..."
"... Controlling partners have increased the financial obligations/debt in the relationship to the point that neither partner can financially survive on their own. ..."
"... The legal ending of a relationship, especially a marital relationship, often creates significant problems. ..."
"... The Controller often uses extreme threats including threatening to take the children out of state, threatening to quit their job/business rather than pay alimony/support, threatening public exposure of the victim's personal issues, or assuring the victim they will never have a peaceful life due to nonstop harassment. ..."
While the psychological condition in hostage situations became known as "Stockholm Syndrome" due
to the publicity, the emotional "bonding" with captors was a familiar story in psychology. It had
been recognized many years before and was found in studies of other hostage, prisoner, or abusive
situations such as:
- Abused Children
- Battered/Abused Women
- Prisoners of War
- Cult Members
- Incest Victims
- Criminal Hostage Situations
- Concentration Camp Prisoners
- Controlling/Intimidating Relationships
In the final analysis, emotionally bonding with an abuser is actually a strategy for survival
for victims of abuse and intimidation. The "Stockholm Syndrome" reaction in hostage and/or abuse
situations is so well recognized at this time that police hostage negotiators no longer view it as
unusual. In fact, it is often encouraged in crime situations as it improves the chances for
survival of the hostages. On the down side, it also assures that the hostages experiencing "Stockholm
Syndrome" will not be very cooperative during rescue or criminal prosecution. Local law enforcement
personnel have long recognized this syndrome with battered women who fail to press charges, bail
their battering husband/boyfriend out of jail, and even physically attack police officers when they
arrive to rescue them from a violent assault.
Stockholm Syndrome (SS) can also be found in family, romantic, and interpersonal relationships.
The abuser may be a husband or wife, boyfriend or girlfriend, father or mother, or any other role
in which the abuser is in a position of control or authority.
It's important to understand the components of Stockholm Syndrome as they relate to abusive and
controlling relationships. Once the syndrome is understood, it's easier to understand why victims
support, love, and even defend their abusers and controllers.
Every syndrome has symptoms or behaviors, and Stockholm Syndrome is no exception. While a clear-cut
list has not been established due to varying opinions by researchers and experts, several of these
features will be present:
- Positive feelings by the victim toward the abuser/controller
- Negative feelings by the victim toward family, friends, or authorities trying to rescue/support
them or win their release
- Support of the abuser's reasons and behaviors
- Positive feelings by the abuser toward the victim
- Supportive behaviors by the victim, at times helping the abuser
- Inability to engage in behaviors that may assist in their release or detachment
Stockholm Syndrome doesn't occur in every hostage or abusive situation. In another bank robbery
involving hostages, after terrorizing patrons and employees for many hours, a police sharpshooter
shot and wounded the terrorizing bank robber. After he hit the floor, two women picked him up and
physically held him up to the window for another shot. As you can see, the length of time one is
exposed to abuse/control and other factors are certainly involved.
It has been found that four situations or conditions are present that serve as a foundation for
the development of Stockholm Syndrome. These four situations can be found in hostage, severe abuse,
and abusive relationships:
- The presence of a perceived threat to one's physical or psychological survival and the belief
that the abuser would carry out the threat.
- The presence of a perceived small kindness from the abuser to the victim
- Isolation from perspectives other than those of the abuser
- The perceived inability to escape the situation
By considering each situation we can understand how Stockholm Syndrome develops in romantic relationships
as well as criminal/hostage situations. Looking at each situation:
Perceived Threat to One's Physical/Psychological Survival
The perception of threat can be formed by direct, indirect, or witnessed methods. Criminal or
antisocial partners can directly threaten your life or the life of friends and family. Their history
of violence leads us to believe that the captor/controller will carry out the threat in a direct
manner if we fail to comply with their demands. The abuser assures us that only our cooperation keeps
our loved ones safe.
Indirectly, the abuser/controller offers subtle threats that you will never leave them or have
another partner, reminding you that people in the past have paid dearly for not following their wishes.
Hints are often offered such as "I know people who can make others disappear". Indirect threats also
come from the stories told by the abuser or controller - how they obtained revenge on those who have
crossed them in the past. These stories of revenge are told to remind the victim that revenge is
possible if they leave.
Witnessing violence or aggression is also a perceived threat. Witnessing a violent temper directed
at a television set, others on the highway, or a third party clearly sends us the message that we
could be the next target for violence. Witnessing the thoughts and attitudes of the abuser/controller
is threatening and intimidating, knowing that we will be the target of those thoughts in the future.
The "Small Kindness" Perception
In threatening and survival situations, we look for evidence of hope - a small sign that the situation
may improve. When an abuser/controller shows the victim some small kindness, even though it is to
the abuser's benefit as well, the victim interprets that small kindness as a positive trait of the
captor. In criminal/war hostage situations, letting the victim live is often enough. Small behaviors,
such as allowing a bathroom visit or providing food/water, are enough to strengthen the Stockholm
Syndrome in criminal hostage events.
In relationships with abusers, a birthday card, a gift (usually provided after a period of abuse),
or a special treat are interpreted as not only positive, but evidence that the abuser is not "all
bad" and may at some time correct his/her behavior. Abusers and controllers are often given positive
credit for not abusing their partner, when the partner would have normally been subjected to verbal
or physical abuse in a certain situation. An aggressive and jealous partner may normally become intimidating
or abusive in certain social situations, as when an opposite-sex coworker waves in a crowd. After
seeing the wave, the victim expects to be verbally battered and when it doesn't happen, that "small
kindness" is interpreted as a positive sign.
Similar to the small kindness perception is the perception of a "soft side". During the relationship,
the abuser/controller may share information about their past - how they were mistreated, abused,
neglected, or wronged. The victim begins to feel the abuser/controller may be capable of fixing their
behavior or worse yet, that they (abuser) may also be a "victim". Sympathy may develop toward the
abuser and we often hear the victim of Stockholm Syndrome defending their abuser with "I know he
fractured my jaw and ribs
but he's troubled. He had a rough childhood!"
Losers and abusers may admit
they need psychiatric help or acknowledge they are mentally disturbed; however, it's almost always
after they have already abused or intimidated the victim. The admission is a way of denying responsibility
for the abuse. In truth, personality disorders and criminals have learned over the years that personal
responsibility for their violent/abusive behaviors can be minimized and even denied by blaming their
bad upbringing, abuse as a child, and now even video games. One murderer blamed his crime on eating
too much junk food - now known as the "Twinkie Defense". While it may be true that the abuser/controller
had a difficult upbringing, showing sympathy for his/her history produces no change in their behavior
and in fact, prolongs the length of time you will be abused. While "sad stories" are always included
in their apologies - after the abusive/controlling event - their behavior never changes! Keep in
mind: once you become hardened to the "sad stories", they will simply try another approach. I know
of no victim of abuse or crime who has heard their abuser say "I'm beating (robbing, mugging, etc.)
you because my Mom hated me!"
Isolation from Perspectives Other than those of the Captor
In abusive and controlling relationships, the victim has the sense they are always "walking on
eggshells" - fearful of saying or doing anything that might prompt a violent/intimidating outburst.
For their survival, they begin to see the world through the abuser's perspective. They begin to fix
things that might prompt an outburst, act in ways they know makes the abuser happy, or avoid aspects
of their own life that may prompt a problem. If we only have a dollar in our pocket, then most of
our decisions become financial decisions. If our partner is an abuser or controller, then the majority
of our decisions are based on our perception of the abuser's potential reaction. We become preoccupied
with the needs, desires, and habits of the abuser/controller.
Taking the abuser's perspective as a survival technique can become so intense that the victim
actually develops anger toward those trying to help them. The abuser is already angry and resentful
toward anyone who would provide the victim support, typically using multiple methods and manipulations
to isolate the victim from others. Any contact the victim has with supportive people in the community
is met with accusations, threats, and/or violent outbursts. Victims then turn on their family - fearing
family contact will cause additional violence and abuse in the home. At this point, victims curse
their parents and friends, tell them not to call and to stop interfering, and break off communication
with others. Agreeing with the abuser/controller, supportive others are now viewed as "causing trouble"
and must be avoided. Many victims threaten their family and friends with restraining orders if they
continue to "interfere" or try to help the victim in their situation. On the surface it would appear
that they have sided with the abuser/controller. In truth, they are trying to minimize contact with
situations that might make them a target of additional verbal abuse or intimidation. If a casual
phone call from Mom prompts a two-hour temper outburst with threats and accusations - the victim
quickly realizes it's safer if Mom stops calling. If simply telling Mom to stop calling doesn't work,
for his or her own safety the victim may accuse Mom of attempting to ruin the relationship and demand
that she stop calling.
In severe cases of Stockholm Syndrome in relationships, the victim may have difficulty leaving
the abuser and may actually feel the abusive situation is their fault. In law enforcement situations,
the victim may actually feel the arrest of their partner for physical abuse or battering is their
fault. Some women will allow their children to be removed by child protective agencies rather than
give up the relationship with their abuser. As they take the perspective of the abuser, the children
are at fault - they complained about the situation, they brought the attention of authorities to
the home, and they put the adult relationship at risk. Sadly, the children have now become a danger
to the victim's safety. For those with Stockholm Syndrome, allowing the children to be removed from
the home decreases their victim stress while providing an emotionally and physically safer environment
for the children.
Perceived Inability to Escape
As a hostage in a bank robbery, threatened by criminals with guns, it's easy to understand the
perceived inability to escape. In romantic relationships, the belief that one can't escape is also
very common. Many abusive/controlling relationships feel like till-death-do-us-part relationships
- locked together by mutual financial issues/assets, mutual intimate knowledge, or legal situations.
Here are some common situations:
- Controlling partners have increased the financial obligations/debt in the relationship to
the point that neither partner can financially survive on their own. Controllers who sense their
partner may be leaving will often purchase a new automobile, later claiming they can't pay alimony
or child support due to their large car payments.
- The legal ending of a relationship, especially a marital relationship, often creates significant
problems. A Controller who has an income that is "under the table" or maintained through legally
questionable situations runs the risk of those sources of income being investigated or made public
by the divorce/separation. The Controller then becomes more agitated about the possible public
exposure of their business arrangements than the loss of the relationship.
- The Controller often uses extreme threats including threatening to take the children out of
state, threatening to quit their job/business rather than pay alimony/support, threatening public
exposure of the victim's personal issues, or assuring the victim they will never have a peaceful
life due to nonstop harassment. In severe cases, the Controller may threaten an action that will
undercut the victim's support such as "I'll see that you lose your job" or "I'll have your automobile
burned".
- Controllers often keep the victim locked into the relationship with severe guilt - threatening
suicide if the victim leaves. The victim hears "I'll kill myself in front of the children", "I'll
set myself on fire in the front yard", or "Our children won't have a father/mother if you leave
me!"
- In relationships with an abuser or controller, the victim has also experienced a loss of self-esteem,
self-confidence, and psychological energy. The victim may feel "burned out" and too depressed
to leave. Additionally, abusers and controllers often create a type of dependency by controlling
the finances, placing automobiles/homes in their name, and eliminating any assets or resources
the victim may use to leave. In clinical practice I've heard "I'd leave but I can't even get money
out of the savings account! I don't know the PIN number."
- In teens and young adults, victims may be attracted to a controlling individual when they
feel inexperienced, insecure, and overwhelmed by a change in their life situation. When parents
are going through a divorce, a teen may attach to a controlling individual, feeling the controller
may stabilize their life. Freshmen in college may be attracted to controlling individuals who
promise to help them survive living away from home on a college campus.
In unhealthy relationships and definitely in Stockholm Syndrome there is a daily preoccupation
with "trouble". Trouble is any individual, group, situation, comment, casual glance, or cold meal
that may produce a temper tantrum or verbal abuse from the controller or abuser. To survive, "trouble"
is to be avoided at all costs. The victim must control situations that produce trouble. That may
include avoiding family, friends, co-workers, and anyone who may create "trouble" in the abusive
relationship. The victim does not hate family and friends; they are only avoiding "trouble"! The
victim also cleans the house, calms the children, scans the mail, avoids certain topics, and anticipates
every issue of the controller or abuse in an effort to avoid "trouble". In this situation, children
who are noisy become "trouble". Loved ones and friends are sources of "trouble" for the victim who
is attempting to avoid verbal or physical aggression.
Stockholm Syndrome in relationships is not uncommon. Law enforcement professionals are painfully
aware of the situation - making a domestic dispute one of the high-risk calls during work hours.
Called by neighbors during a spousal abuse incident, the abuser is passive upon arrival of the police,
only to find the abused spouse upset and threatening the officers if their abusive partner is arrested
for domestic violence. In truth, the victim knows the abuser/controller will retaliate against him/her
if 1) they encourage an arrest, 2) they offer statements about the abuse/fight that are deemed disloyal
by the abuser, 3) they don't bail them out of jail as quickly as possible, and 4) they don't personally
apologize for the situation - as though it was their fault.
Stockholm Syndrome produces an unhealthy bond with the controller and abuser. It is the reason
many victims continue to support an abuser after the relationship is over. It's also the reason they
continue to see "the good side" of an abusive individual and appear sympathetic to someone who has
mentally and sometimes physically abused them.
Is There Something Else Involved?
In a short response - Yes! Throughout history, people have found themselves supporting and participating
in life situations that range from abusive to bizarre. In talking to these active and willing participants
in bad and bizarre situations, it is clear they have developed feelings and attitudes that support
their participation. One way these feelings and thoughts are developed is known as "cognitive dissonance".
As you can tell, psychologists have large words and phrases for just about everything.
"Cognitive Dissonance" explains how and why people change their ideas and opinions to support
situations that do not appear to be healthy, positive, or normal. In the theory, an individual seeks
to reduce information or opinions that make him or her uncomfortable. When we have two sets of cognitions
(knowledge, opinion, feelings, input from others, etc.) that are the opposite, the situation becomes
emotionally uncomfortable. Even though we might find ourselves in a foolish or difficult situation
- few want to admit that fact. Instead, we attempt to reduce the dissonance - the fact that our cognitions
don't match, agree, or make sense when combined. "Cognitive Dissonance" can be reduced by adding
new cognitions - adding new thoughts and attitudes. Some examples:
- Heavy smokers know smoking causes lung cancer and multiple health risks. To continue smoking,
the smoker changes his cognitions (thoughts/feelings) such as 1) "I'm smoking less than ten years
ago", 2) "I'm smoking low-tar cigarettes", 3) "Those statistics are made up by the cancer industry
conspiracy", or 4) "Something's got to get you anyway!" These new cognitions/attitudes allow them
to keep smoking and actually begin blaming restaurants for being unfair.
- You purchase a $40,000.00 Sport Utility Vehicle that gets 8 miles a gallon. You justify the
expense and related issues with 1) "It's great on trips" (you take one trip per year), 2) "I can
use it to haul stuff" (one coffee table in 12 months), and 3) "You can carry a lot of people in
it" (95% of your trips are driver-only).
- Your husband/boyfriend becomes abusive and assaultive. You can't leave due to the finances,
children, or other factors. Through cognitive dissonance, you begin telling yourself "He only
hits me open-handed" and "He's had a lot of stress at work."
Leon Festinger first coined the term "Cognitive Dissonance". He had observed a cult (1956) in
which members gave up their homes, incomes, and jobs to work for the cult. This cult believed in
messages from outer space that predicted the day the world would end by a flood. As cult members
and firm believers, they believed they would be saved by flying saucers at the appointed time. As
they gathered and waited to be taken by flying saucers at the specified time, the end-of-the-world
came and went. No flood and no flying saucer! Rather than believing they were foolish after all that
personal and emotional investment - they decided their beliefs had actually saved the world from
the flood and they became firmer in their beliefs after the failure of the prophecy. The moral: the
more you invest (income, job, home, time, effort, etc.) the stronger your need to justify your position.
If we invest $5.00 in a raffle ticket, we justify losing with "I'll get them next time". If you invest
everything you have, it requires an almost unreasoning belief and unusual attitude to support and
justify that investment.
Studies tell us we are more loyal and committed to something that is difficult, uncomfortable,
and even humiliating. The initiation rituals of college fraternities, Marine boot camp, and graduate
school all produce loyal and committed individuals. Almost any ordeal creates a bonding experience.
Every couple, no matter how mismatched, falls in love in the movies after going through a terrorist
takeover, being stalked by a killer, being stranded on an island, or being involved in an alien abduction.
Investment and an ordeal are ingredients for a strong bonding - even if the bonding is unhealthy.
No one bonds or falls in love by being a member of the Automobile Club or a music CD club. Struggling
to survive on a deserted island - you bet!
Abusive relationships produce a great amount on unhealthy investment in both parties. In many
cases we tend to remain and support the abusive relationship due to our investment in the relationship.
Try telling a new Marine that since he or she has survived boot camp, they should now enroll in the
National Guard! Several types of investments keep us in the bad relationship:
- Emotional Investment
- We've invested so many emotions, cried so much, and worried so much that we feel we must see
the relationship through to the finish.
- Social Investment
- We've got our pride! To avoid social embarrassment and uncomfortable social situations, we
remain in the relationship.
- Family Investments
- If children are present in the relationship, decisions regarding the relationship are clouded
by the status and needs of the children.
- Financial Investment
- In many cases, the controlling and abusive partner has created a complex financial situation.
Many victims remain in a bad relationship, waiting for a better financial situation to develop
that would make their departure and detachment easier.
- Lifestyle Investment
- Many controlling/abusive partners use money or a lifestyle as an investment. Victims in this
situation may not want to lose their current lifestyle.
- Intimacy Investment
- We often invest emotional and sexual intimacy. Some victims have experienced a destruction
of their emotional and/or sexual self-esteem in the unhealthy relationship. The abusing partner
may threaten to spread rumors or tell intimate details or secrets. A type of blackmail using intimacy
is often found in these situations.
In many cases, it's not simply our feelings for an individual that keep us in an unhealthy relationship
- it's often the amount of investment. Relationships are complex and we often only see the tip of
the iceberg in public. For this reason, the most common phrase offered by the victim in defense of
their unhealthy relationship is "You just don't understand!"
Combining Two Unhealthy Conditions
The combination of "Stockholm Syndrome" and "cognitive dissonance" produces a victim who firmly
believes the relationship is not only acceptable, but also desperately needed for their survival.
The victim feels they would mentally collapse if the relationship ended. In long-term relationships,
the victims have invested everything and placed "all their eggs in one basket". The relationship
now decides their level of self-esteem, self-worth, and emotional health.
For reasons described above, the victim feels family and friends are a threat to the relationship
and eventually to their personal health and existence. The more family/friends protest the controlling
and abusive nature of the relationship, the more the victim develops cognitive dissonance and becomes
defensive. At this point, family and friends become victims of the abusive and controlling individual.
Importantly, both Stockholm Syndrome and cognitive dissonance develop on an involuntary basis.
The victim does not purposely invent this attitude. Both develop as an attempt to exist and survive
in a threatening and controlling environment and relationship. Despite what we might think, our loved
one is not in the unhealthy relationship to irritate us, embarrass us, or drive us to drink. What
might have begun as a normal relationship has turned into a controlling and abusive situation. They
are trying to survive. Their personality is developing the feelings and thoughts needed to survive
the situation and lower their emotional and physical risks. All of us have developed attitudes and
feelings that help us accept and survive situations. We have these attitudes/feelings about our jobs,
our community, and other aspects of our life. As we have found throughout history, the more dysfunctional
the situation, the more dysfunctional our adaptation and thoughts to survive. The victim is engaged
in an attempt to survive and make a relationship work. Once they decide it doesn't work and can't
be fixed, they will need our support as we patiently await their decision to return to a healthy
and positive lifestyle.
Family and Friends of the Victim
When a family is confronted with a loved one involved with a 'Loser' or controlling/abusive individual,
the situation becomes emotionally painful and socially difficult for the family. (See "
Are You Dating
a Loser? Identifying Losers, Controllers and Abusers ".) While each situation is different, some
general guidelines to consider are:
- Your loved one, the "victim" of the Loser/Abuser, has probably been given a choice - the relationship
or the family. This choice is made more difficult by the control and intimidation often present
in abusive/controlling relationships. Knowing that choosing the family will result in severe personal
and social consequences, the family always comes in second. Keep in mind that the victim knows
in their heart the family will always love them and accept their return - whenever the return
happens.
- Remember, the more you pressure the "victim" of the Loser/Abuser, the more you prove their
point. Your loved one is being told the family is trying to ruin their wonderful relationship.
Pressure in the form of contacts, comments, and communications will be used as evidence against
you. An invitation to a Tupperware party is met with "You see! They just want to get you by yourself
so they can tell you bad things about me!" Increasing your contacts is viewed as "putting pressure"
on their relationship - not being lovingly concerned.
- Your contacts with your loved one, no matter how routine and loving, may be met with anger
and resentment. This is because each contact may prompt the Loser/Abuser to attack them verbally
or emotionally. Imagine getting a four-hour lecture every time your Aunt Gladys calls. In a short
time, you become angry each time she calls, knowing what the contact will produce in your home.
The longer Aunt Gladys talks - the longer your lecture becomes! Thus, when Aunt Gladys calls,
you want to get her off the phone as quickly as possible.
- The 1980's song, "Hold on Loosely", may be the key to a good family and friend approach. Holding
on too tightly produces more pressure. When the victim is out of the home, it's often best to
establish predictable, scheduled contacts. Calling every Wednesday evening, just for a status
report or to go over current events, is less threatening than random calls during the week. Random
calls are always viewed as "checking up on us" calls. While you may encounter an answering machine,
leave a polite and loving message. Importantly, don't discuss the relationship (the controller
may be listening!) unless the victim brings it up. The goal of these scheduled calls is to maintain
contact, remind your loved one that you are always there to help, and to quietly remind the controller
that family and loved ones are nearby and haven't disappeared.
- Try to maintain traditional and special contacts with your loved one - holidays, special occasions,
etc. Keep your contacts short and brief, with no comments that can be used as evidence. Contacts
made at "traditional" times - holidays, birthdays, anniversaries, etc. - are not as threatening
to a controller/abuser. Contacts that provide information, but not questions, are also not as
threatening. An example might be a simple card reading "Just a note to let you know that your
brother landed a new job this week. You might see him on a Wal-Mart commercial any day now. Love,
Mom and Dad". This approach allows the victim to recognize that the family is there - waiting
in the wings if needed. It also lessens the lectures/tantrums provided by the Loser as the contacts
are on a traditional and expected basis. It's also hard to be angry about brother's new job without
looking ridiculous. Also, don't invent holidays or send a reminder that it's Sigmund Freud's birthday.
That's suspicious
even in my family.
- Remember that there are many channels of communication. It's important that we keep a channel
open if at all possible. Communication channels might include phone calls, letters, cards, and
e-mail. Scheduled monthly shopping trips or outings are helpful if possible. The goal is to maintain
contact while your loved one is involved in the controlling/abusive relationship. Remember, the
goal is contact, not pressure.
- Don't feel the victim's behavior is against the family or friends. It may be a form of survival
or a way of lowering stress. Victims may be very resistive, angry, and even hostile due to the
complexity of their relationship with the controller/abuser. They may even curse, threaten, and
accuse loved ones and friends. This hostile defensiveness is actually self-protection in the relationship
- an attempt to avoid "trouble".
- The victim needs to know and feel they are not rejected because of their behavior. Keep in
mind, they are painfully aware of their situation. They know they are being treated badly and/or
controlled by their partner. Frequent reminders of this will only make them want less contact.
We naturally avoid people who remind us of things or situations that are emotionally painful.
- Victims may slightly open the door and provide information about their relationship or hint
they may be considering leaving. When the door opens, don't jump through with the Marines behind
you! Listen and simply offer support such as "You know your family is behind any decision you
need to make and at any time you make it." They may be exploring what support is available but
may not be ready to call in the troops just yet. Many victims use an "exit plan" that may take
months or even years to complete. They may be gathering information at this point, not yet ready
for an exit.
- We can get messages to people in two ways - the pipeline and the grapevine. The pipeline is
face-to-face, telling the person directly. This seldom happens in Loser situations as controllers
and abusers monitor and control contacts with others. However, the grapevine is still open. When
we use the grapevine, we send a message to our loved one through another person. Victims of controlling
and abusive individuals are often allowed to maintain a relationship with a few people, perhaps
a sibling or best friend. We can send our loved one a message through that contact person, a message
that voices our understanding and support. We don't send insults ("Bill is such a jerk!) or put-downs
("If he doesn't get out of this relationship he'll end up crazy!) - we send messages of love and
support. We send "I hope she/he (victim) knows the family is concerned and that we love and support
them." Comments sent on the grapevine are phrased with the understanding that our loved one will
hear them in that manner. Don't talk with a grapevine contact to express anger and threaten to
hire a hit man, and then try to send a message of loving support. Be careful what and how the
message is provided. The grapevine contact can often get messages to the victim when we can't.
It's another way of letting them know we're supporting them, just waiting to help if and when
needed.
- Each situation is different. The family may need to seek counseling support in the community.
A family consultation with a mental health professional or attorney may be helpful if the situation
becomes legally complex or there is a significant danger of harm.
- As relatives or friends of a victim involved with a controller or abuser, our normal reaction
is to consider dramatic action. We become angry, resentful, and aggressive at times. Our mind
fills with a variety of plans that often range from rescue and kidnapping to ambushing the controller/abuser
with a ball bat. A rule of thumb is that any aggression toward the controller/abuser will result
in additional difficulties for your loved one. Try to remain calm and await an opportunity to
show your love and support when your loved one needs it.
- In some cases, as in teenagers and young adults, the family may still provide some financial,
insurance, or other support. When we receive angry responses to our phone calls, our anger and
resentment tells us to cut off their support. I've heard "If she's going to date that jerk, it's
not going to be in a car I'm paying for!" and "If he's choosing that woman over his family, he
can drop out of college and flip hamburgers!" Withdrawing financial support only makes your loved
one more dependent upon the controller/abuser. Remember, if we're aggressive by threatening, withdrawing
support, or pressuring - we become the threatening force, not the controller/abuser. It actually
moves the victim into the support of the controller. Sadly, the more of an "ordeal" they experience,
the more bonding takes place, as noted with both Stockholm Syndrome and cognitive dissonance.
- As you might imagine, the combination of Stockholm Syndrome and cognitive dissonance may also
be active when our loved one is involved in cults, unusual religions, and other groups. In some
situations, the abuser and controller is actually a group or organization. Victims are punished
if they are viewed as disloyal to the group. While this article deals with individual relationships,
the family guidelines may also be helpful in controlling-group situations.
Final Thoughts
You may be the victim of a controlling and abusive partner, seeking an understanding of your feelings
and attitudes. You may have a son, daughter, or friend currently involved with a controlling and
abusive partner, looking for ways to understand and help.
If a loved one is involved with a Loser, a controlling and abusing partner, the long-term outcome
is difficult to determine due to the many factors involved. If their relationship is in the "dating"
phase, they may end the relationship on their own. If the relationship has continued for over a year,
they may require support and an exit plan before ending the relationship. Marriage and children further
complicate their ability to leave the situation. When the victim decides to end the unhappy relationship,
it's important that they view loved ones as supportive, loving, and understanding - not as a source
of pressure, guilt, or aggression.
This article is an attempt to understand the complex feelings and attitudes that are as puzzling
to the victim as they are to family and friends. Separately, I've outlined recommendations for detaching
from a Loser or controlling/abusive individual, but clearly, there are more victims in this situation.
(See " Are You
Dating a Loser? Identifying Losers, Controllers and Abusers ".) It is hoped this article is helpful
to family and friends who worry, cry, and have difficulty understanding the situation of their loved
one. It has been said that knowledge is power. Hopefully this knowledge will prove helpful and powerful
to victims and their loved ones.
Please consider this article as a general guideline. Some recommendations may be appropriate and
helpful while some may not apply to a specific situation. In many cases, we may need additional professional
help of a mental health or legal nature.
!--
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dopebojangles
ADoNM
with BPD
3 points
4
points
5 points
1 year ago
(0
children)
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rammaam
1 point
2
points
3 points
1 year ago
(0
children)
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[deleted]
4 points
5
points
6 points
1 year ago
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children)
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[deleted]
3 points
4
points
5 points
1 year ago
(0
children)
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Sub_Salac
3 points
4 points
5
points
1 year ago
(0
children)
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throwaway98721214
ACoN
now NC with the entire FOO.
2 points
3 points
4
points
1 year ago
(3
children)
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KissMyAspergers
NAunt,
Parent(s) with FLEAS
1 point
2
points
3 points
1 year ago
(2
children)
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1234567ate
Nmom,
Edad, SGsis
2 points
3
points
4 points
1 year ago
(1
child)
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KissMyAspergers
NAunt,
Parent(s) with FLEAS
2 points
3
points
4 points
1 year ago
(0
children)
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ArabRedditor
2 points
3 points
4
points
1 year ago
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children)
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Dotdotbludot
2 points
3 points
4
points
1 year ago
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children)
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PagingDrLector
2 points
3 points
4
points
1 year ago
(0
children)
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modecat
forging
a new path
2
points
3 points
4
points
1 year ago
(0
children)
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jm_kaye
1 point
2 points
3
points
1 year ago
(1
child)
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modecat
forging
a new path
2 points
3
points
4 points
1 year ago
(0
children)
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ArtichokeOwl
1 point
2 points
3
points
1 year ago
(0
children)
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KissMyAspergers
NAunt,
Parent(s) with FLEAS
1 point
2 points
3
points
1 year ago
(0
children)
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DmKrispin
ADoNM
-1 points
0 points
1
point
1 year ago
(0
children)
Notable quotes:
"... Narcissism is a defense mechanism whose role is to deflect hurt and trauma from the victim's "True Self" into a " False Self " which is omnipotent, invulnerable, and omniscient. This False Self is then used by the narcissist to garner narcissistic supply from his human environment. Narcissistic supply is any form of attention, both positive and negative and it is instrumental in the regulation of the narcissist's labile sense of self-worth. ..."
Dr. Sam Vaknin, Ph.D
January 28, 2012
Barack Obama
appears to be a
narcissist
. Granted, only a qualified mental health diagnostician (which I am
not) can determine whether someone suffers from
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
(NPD) and this, following lengthy tests and
personal interviews. But, in the absence of access to Barack Obama, one has to
rely on his overt performance and on testimonies by his closest, nearest and
dearest.
Narcissistic leaders are nefarious and their effects pernicious. They
are subtle, refined, socially-adept, manipulative, possessed of thespian skills,
and convincing. Both types equally lack empathy and are ruthless and relentless or
driven.
Perhaps it is time to require each candidate to high office in the USA to
submit to a rigorous physical and mental checkup with the results made public.
I. Upbringing and Childhood
Obama's early life was decidedly chaotic and replete with traumatic and
mentally bruising dislocations. Mixed-race marriages were even less common then.
His parents went through a divorce when he was an infant (two years old). Obama
saw his father only once again, before he died in a car accident. Then, his mother
re-married and Obama had to relocate to
Indonesia
: a foreign land with a radically foreign culture, to be raised by a
step-father. At the age of ten, he was whisked off to live with his maternal
(white) grandparents. He saw his mother only intermittently in the following few
years and then she vanished from his life in 1979. She died of cancer in 1995.
Pathological narcissism is a reaction to prolonged abuse and trauma in early
childhood or early adolescence. The source of the abuse or trauma is immaterial:
the perpetrators could be dysfunctional or absent parents, teachers, other adults,
or peers.
II. Behavior Patterns
The narcissist:
* Feels grandiose and self-important (e.g., exaggerates accomplishments,
talents, skills, contacts, and personality traits to the point of lying, demands
to be recognised as superior without commensurate achievements);
* Is obsessed with fantasies of unlimited success, fame, fearsome power or
omnipotence, unequalled brilliance (the cerebral narcissist), bodily beauty or
sexual performance (the somatic narcissist), or ideal, everlasting, all-conquering
love or passion;
* Firmly convinced that he or she is unique and, being special, can only be
understood by, should only be treated by, or associate with, other special or
unique, or high-status people (or institutions);
* Requires excessive admiration, adulation, attention and affirmation β" or,
failing that, wishes to be feared and to be notorious (
Narcissistic
Supply
);
* Feels entitled. Demands automatic and full compliance with his or her
unreasonable expectations for special and favourable priority treatment;
* Is "interpersonally exploitative", i.e., uses others to achieve his or her
own ends;
* Devoid of empathy. Is unable or unwilling to identify with, acknowledge, or
accept the feelings, needs, preferences, priorities, and choices of others;
* Constantly envious of others and seeks to hurt or destroy the objects of his
or her frustration. Suffers from persecutory (paranoid) delusions as he or she
believes that they feel the same about him or her and are likely to act similarly;
* Behaves arrogantly and haughtily. Feels superior, omnipotent, omniscient,
invincible, immune, "above the law", and omnipresent (
magical
thinking
). Rages when frustrated, contradicted, or confronted by people he or
she considers inferior to him or her and unworthy.
Narcissism
is a defense mechanism whose role is to deflect hurt and trauma
from the victim's "True Self" into a "
False
Self
" which is omnipotent, invulnerable, and omniscient. This False Self is
then used by the narcissist to garner narcissistic supply from his human
environment. Narcissistic supply is any form of attention, both positive and
negative and it is instrumental in the regulation of the narcissist's labile sense
of self-worth.
Perhaps the most immediately evident trait of patients with Narcissistic
Personality Disorder (NPD) is their vulnerability to criticism and disagreement.
Subject to negative input, real or imagined, even to a mild rebuke, a constructive
suggestion, or an offer to help, they feel injured, humiliated and empty and they
react with disdain (devaluation), rage, and defiance.
From my book "Malignant Self Love Narcissism Revisited":
"To avoid such intolerable pain, some patients with Narcissistic Personality
Disorder (NPD) socially withdraw and feign false modesty and humility to mask
their underlying
grandiosity
. Dysthymic and depressive disorders are common reactions to
isolation and feelings of shame and inadequacy."
Due to their lack of empathy, disregard for others, exploitativeness, sense
of entitlement, and constant need for attention (narcissistic supply),
narcissists are rarely able to maintain functional and healthy interpersonal
relationships.
Many narcissists are over-achievers and ambitious. Some of them are even
talented and skilled. But they are incapable of team work because they cannot
tolerate setbacks. They are easily frustrated and demoralized and are unable to
cope with disagreement and criticism. Though some narcissists have meteoric and
inspiring careers, in the long-run, all of them find it difficult to maintain
long-term professional achievements and the respect and appreciation of their
peers. The narcissist's fantastic grandiosity, frequently coupled with a
hypomanic mood, is typically incommensurate with his or her real
accomplishments (the "grandiosity gap").
An important distinction is between cerebral and somatic narcissists. The
cerebrals derive their Narcissistic Supply from their intelligence or academic
achievements and the somatics derive their Narcissistic Supply from their
physique, exercise, physical or sexual prowess and romantic or physical
"conquests".
Another crucial division within the ranks of patients with Narcissistic
Personality Disorder (NPD) is between the classic variety (those who meet five
of the nine diagnostic criteria included in the DSM), and the compensatory kind
(their narcissism compensates for deep-set feelings of inferiority and lack of
self-worth).
Obama displays the following behaviors, which are among the hallmarks of
pathological narcissism:
* Subtly misrepresents facts and expediently and opportunistically shifts
positions, views, opinions, and "ideals" (e.g., about campaign finance,
re-districting). These flip-flops do not cause him overt distress and are ego-syntonic
(he feels justified in acting this way). Alternatively, reuses to commit to a
standpoint and, in the process, evidences a lack of empathy.
Ignores data that conflict with his fantasy world, or with his inflated and
grandiose self-image. This has to do with magical thinking. Obama already sees
himself as president because he is firmly convinced that his dreams, thoughts,
and wishes affect reality. Additionally, he denies the gap between his
fantasies and his modest or limited real-life achievements (for instance, in 12
years of academic career, he hasn't published a single scholarly paper or
book).
Feels that he is above the law, incl. and especially his own laws.
Talks about himself in the 3rd person singluar or uses the regal "we" and
craves to be the exclusive center of attention, even adulation
Have a messianic-cosmic vision of himself and his life and his "mission".
Sets ever more complex rules in a convoluted world of grandiose fantasies
with its own language (jargon)
Displays false modesty and unctuous "folksiness" but unable to sustain
these behaviors (the persona, or mask) for long. It slips and the true Obama is
revealed: haughty, aloof, distant, and disdainful of simple folk and their
lives.
Sublimates aggression and holds grudges.
Behaves as an eternal adolescent (e.g., his choice of language, youthful
image he projects, demands indulgence and feels entitled to special treatment,
even though his objective accomplishments do not justify it).
III. Body Language
Many complain of the incredible deceptive powers of the narcissist. They find
themselves involved with narcissists (emotionally, in business, or otherwise)
before they have a chance to discover their true character. Shocked by the later
revelation, they mourn their inability to separate from the narcissist and their
gullibility.
Narcissists are an elusive breed, hard to spot, harder to pinpoint, impossible
to capture. Even an experienced mental health diagnostician with unmitigated
access to the record and to the person examined would find it fiendishly difficult
to determine with any degree of certainty whether someone suffers from a full
fledged Narcissistic Personality Disorder or merely possesses narcissistic traits,
a narcissistic style, a personality structure ("character"), or a narcissistic
"overlay" superimposed on another mental health problem.
Moreover, it is important to distinguish between traits and behavior patterns
that are independent of the patient's cultural-social context (i.e., which are
inherent, or idiosyncratic) and reactive patterns, or conformity to cultural and
social morals and norms. Reactions to severe life crises or circumstances are also
often characterized by transient pathological narcissism, for instance (Ronningstam
and Gunderson, 1996). But such reactions do not a narcissist make.
When a person belongs to a society or culture that has often been described as
narcissistic by scholars (such as Theodore Millon) and social thinkers (e.g.,
Christopher Lasch) how much of his behavior can be attributed to his milieu and
which of his traits are really his?
The Narcissistic Personality Disorder is rigorously defined in the DSM IV-TR
with a set of strict criteria and differential diagnoses.
Narcissism is regarded by many scholars to be an adaptative strategy ("healthy
narcissism"). It is considered pathological in the clinical sense only when it
becomes a rigid personality structure replete with a series of primitive defence
mechanisms (such as splitting, projection, projective identification, or
intellectualization) and when it leads to dysfunctions in one or more areas of the
patient's life.
Pathological narcissism is the art of deception. The narcissist projects a
False Self and manages all his social interactions through this concocted
fictional construct.
When the narcissist reveals his true colors, it is usually far too late. His
victims are unable to separate from him. They are frustrated by this acquired
helplessness and angry at themselves for having they failed to see through the
narcissist earlier on.
But the narcissist does emit subtle, almost subliminal, signals ("presenting
symptoms") even in a first or casual encounter. Compare the following list to
Barack Obama's body language during his paublic appearances.
These are:
"Haughty" body language. The narcissist adopts a physical posture which implies
and exudes an air of superiority, seniority, hidden powers, mysteriousness, amused
indifference, etc. Though the narcissist usually maintains sustained and piercing
eye contact, he often refrains from physical proximity (he is "territorial").
The narcissist takes part in social interactions, even mere banter,
condescendingly, from a position of supremacy and faux "magnanimity and largesse".
But he rarely mingles socially and prefers to remain the "observer", or the "lone
wolf".
Entitlement markers. The narcissist immediately asks for "special treatment" of
some kind. Not to wait his turn, to have a longer or a shorter therapeutic
session, to talk directly to authority figures (and not to their assistants or
secretaries), to be granted special payment terms, to enjoy custom tailored
arrangements or to get served first.
The narcissist is the one who vocally and demonstratively demands the undivided
attention of the head waiter in a restaurant, or monopolizes the hostess, or
latches on to celebrities in a party. The narcissist reacts with rage and
indignantly when denied his wishes and if treated equally with others whom he
deems inferior.
Idealization or devaluation. The narcissist instantly idealizes or devalues his
interlocutor. This depends on how the narcissist appraises the potential his
converser has as a Narcissistic Supply Source. The narcissist flatters, adores,
admires and applauds the "target" in an embarrassingly exaggerated and profuse
manner or sulks, abuses, and humiliates her.
Narcissists are polite only in the presence of a potential Supply Source. But
they are unable to sustain even perfunctory civility and fast deteriorate to barbs
and thinly-veiled hostility, to verbal or other violent displays of abuse, rage
attacks, or cold detachment.
The "membership" posture. The narcissist always tries to "belong". Yet, at the
very same time, he maintains his stance as an outsider. The narcissist seeks to be
admired for his ability to integrate and ingratiate himself without investing the
efforts commensurate with such an undertaking.
For instance: if the narcissist talks to a psychologist, the narcissist first
states emphatically that he never studied psychology. He then proceeds to make
seemingly effortless use of obscure professional terms, thus demonstrating that he
mastered the discipline all the same, as an autodidact, which proves that he is
exceptionally intelligent or introspective.
In general, the narcissist always prefers show-off to substance. One of the
most effective methods of exposing a narcissist is by trying to delve deeper. The
narcissist is shallow, a pond pretending to be an ocean. He likes to think of
himself as a Renaissance man, a Jack of all trades. The narcissist never admits to
ignorance in any field yet, typically, he is ignorant of them all. It is
surprisingly easy to penetrate the gloss and the veneer of the narcissist's
self-proclaimed omniscience.
Bragging and false autobiography. The narcissist brags incessantly. His speech
is peppered with "I", "my", "myself", and "mine". He describes himself as
intelligent, or rich, or modest, or intuitive, or creative but always excessively,
implausibly, and extraordinarily so.
The narcissist's biography sounds unusually rich and complex. His achievements
incommensurate with his age, education, or renown. Yet, his actual condition is
evidently and demonstrably incompatible with his claims. Very often, the
narcissist lies or his fantasies are easily discernible. He always name-drops and
appropriates other people's experiences and accomplishments.
Emotion-free language. The narcissist likes to talk about himself and only
about himself. He is not interested in others or what they have to say, unless
they constitute potential Sources of Supply and in order to obtain said supply. He
acts bored, disdainful, even angry, if he feels that they are intruding on his
precious time and, thus, abusing him.
In general, the narcissist is very impatient, easily bored, with strong
attention deficits unless and until he is the topic of discussion. One can
publicly dissect all aspects of the intimate life of a narcissist without
repercussions, providing the discourse is not "emotionally tinted".
If asked to relate directly to his emotions, the narcissist intellectualizes,
rationalizes, speaks about himself in the third person and in a detached
"scientific" tone or composes a narrative with a fictitious character in it,
suspiciously autobiographical. Narcissists like to refer to themselves in
mechanical terms, as efficient automata or machines.
Seriousness and sense of intrusion and coercion. The narcissist is dead serious
about himself. He may possess a subtle, wry, and riotous sense of humor, scathing
and cynical, but rarely is he self-deprecating. The narcissist regards himself as
being on a constant mission, whose importance is cosmic and whose consequences are
global. If a scientist, he is always in the throes of revolutionizing science. If
a journalist, he is in the middle of the greatest story ever. If a novelist, he is
on his way to a Booker or Nobel prize.
This self-misperception is not amenable to light-headedness or self-effacement.
The narcissist is easily hurt and insulted (narcissistic injury). Even the most
innocuous remarks or acts are interpreted by him as belittling, intruding, or
coercive. His time is more valuable than others' therefore, it cannot be wasted on
unimportant matters such as mere banter or going out for a walk.
Any suggested help, advice, or concerned inquiry are immediately cast by the
narcissist as intentional humiliation, implying that the narcissist is in need of
help and counsel and, thus, imperfect and less than omnipotent. Any attempt to set
an agenda is, to the narcissist, an intimidating act of enslavement. In this
sense, the narcissist is both schizoid and paranoid and often entertains ideas of
reference.
These, the lack of empathy, the aloofness, the disdain, the sense of
entitlement, the constricted sense of humor, the unequal treatment and the
paranoia render the narcissist a social misfit. The narcissist is able to provoke
in his milieu, in his casual acquaintances, even in his psychotherapist, the
strongest, most avid and furious hatred and revulsion. To his shock, indignation
and consternation, he invariably induces in others unbridled aggression.
He is perceived to be asocial at best and, often, antisocial. This, perhaps, is
the strongest presenting symptom. One feels ill at ease in the presence of a
narcissist for no apparent reason. No matter how charming, intelligent, thought
provoking, outgoing, easy going and social the narcissist is he fails to secure
the sympathy of others, a sympathy he is never ready, willing, or able to
reciprocate.
IV. Narcissistic and psychopathic Leaders
The narcissistic or psychopathic leader is the culmination and reification of
his period, culture, and civilization. He is likely to rise to prominence in
narcissistic societies.
The malignant narcissist invents and then projects a false, fictitious, self
for the world to fear, or to admire. He maintains a tenuous grasp on reality to
start with and this is further exacerbated by the trappings of power. The
narcissist's grandiose self-delusions and fantasies of omnipotence and omniscience
are supported by real life authority and the narcissist's predilection to surround
himself with obsequious sycophants.
The narcissist's personality is so precariously balanced that he cannot
tolerate even a hint of criticism and disagreement. Most narcissists are paranoid
and suffer from ideas of reference (the delusion that they are being mocked or
discussed when they are not). Thus, narcissists often regard themselves as
"victims of persecution".
The narcissistic leader fosters and encourages a personality cult with all the
hallmarks of an institutional religion: priesthood, rites, rituals, temples,
worship, catechism, mythology. The leader is this religion's ascetic saint. He
monastically denies himself earthly pleasures (or so he claims) in order to be
able to dedicate himself fully to his calling.
The narcissistic leader is a monstrously inverted Jesus, sacrificing his life
and denying himself so that his people or humanity at large should benefit. By
surpassing and suppressing his humanity, the narcissistic leader became a
distorted version of Nietzsche's "superman".
But being a-human or super-human also means being a-sexual and a-moral.
In this restricted sense, narcissistic leaders are post-modernist and moral
relativists. They project to the masses an androgynous figure and enhance it by
engendering the adoration of nudity and all things "natural" or by strongly
repressing these feelings. But what they refer to as "nature" is not natural at
all.
The narcissistic leader invariably proffers an aesthetic of decadence and evil
carefully orchestrated and artificial though it is not perceived this way by him
or by his followers. Narcissistic leadership is about reproduced copies, not about
originals. It is about the manipulation of symbols not about veritable atavism
or true conservatism.
In short: narcissistic leadership is about theatre, not about life. To enjoy
the spectacle (and be subsumed by it), the leader demands the suspension of
judgment, depersonalization, and de-realization. Catharsis is tantamount, in this
narcissistic dramaturgy, to self-annulment.
Narcissism is nihilistic not only operationally, or ideologically. Its very
language and narratives are nihilistic. Narcissism is conspicuous nihilism and
the cult's leader serves as a role model, annihilating the Man, only to re-appear
as a pre-ordained and irresistible force of nature.
Narcissistic leadership often poses as a rebellion against the "old ways"
against the hegemonic culture, the upper classes, the established religions, the
superpowers, the corrupt order. Narcissistic movements are puerile, a reaction to
narcissistic injuries inflicted upon a narcissistic (and rather psychopathic)
toddler nation-state, or group, or upon the leader.
Minorities or "others" often arbitrarily selected constitute a perfect,
easily identifiable, embodiment of all that is "wrong". They are accused of being
old, they are eerily disembodied, they are cosmopolitan, they are part of the
establishment, they are "decadent", they are hated on religious and socio-economic
grounds, or because of their race, sexual orientation, origin
They are
different, they are narcissistic (feel and act as morally superior), they are
everywhere, they are defenceless, they are credulous, they are adaptable (and thus
can be co-opted to collaborate in their own destruction). They are the perfect
hate figure. Narcissists thrive on hatred and pathological envy.
This is precisely the source of the fascination with Hitler, diagnosed by Erich
Fromm together with Stalin as a malignant narcissist. He was an inverted
human. His unconscious was his conscious. He acted out our most repressed drives,
fantasies, and wishes. He provides us with a glimpse of the horrors that lie
beneath the veneer, the barbarians at our personal gates, and what it was like
before we invented civilization. Hitler forced us all through a time warp and many
did not emerge. He was not the devil. He was one of us. He was what Arendt aptly
called the banality of evil. Just an ordinary, mentally disturbed, failure, a
member of a mentally disturbed and failing nation, who lived through disturbed and
failing times. He was the perfect mirror, a channel, a voice, and the very depth
of our souls.
The narcissistic leader prefers the sparkle and glamour of well-orchestrated
illusions to the tedium and method of real accomplishments. His reign is all smoke
and mirrors, devoid of substances, consisting of mere appearances and mass
delusions. In the aftermath of his regime the narcissistic leader having died,
been deposed, or voted out of office it all unravels. The tireless and constant
prestidigitation ceases and the entire edifice crumbles. What looked like an
economic miracle turns out to have been a fraud-laced bubble. Loosely-held empires
disintegrate. Laboriously assembled business conglomerates go to pieces. "Earth
shattering" and "revolutionary" scientific discoveries and theories are
discredited. Social experiments end in mayhem.
It is important to understand that the use of violence must be ego-syntonic. It
must accord with the self-image of the narcissist. It must abet and sustain his
grandiose fantasies and feed his sense of entitlement. It must conform with the
narcissistic narrative.
Thus, a narcissist who regards himself as the benefactor of the poor, a member
of the common folk, the representative of the disenfranchised, the champion of the
dispossessed against the corrupt elite is highly unlikely to use violence at
first.
The pacific mask crumbles when the narcissist has become convinced that the
very people he purported to speak for, his constituency, his grassroots fans, the
prime sources of his narcissistic supply have turned against him. At first, in a
desperate effort to maintain the fiction underlying his chaotic personality, the
narcissist strives to explain away the sudden reversal of sentiment. "The people
are being duped by (the media, big industry, the military, the elite, etc.)",
"they don't really know what they are doing", "following a rude awakening, they
will revert to form", etc.
When these flimsy attempts to patch a tattered personal mythology fail the
narcissist is injured. Narcissistic injury inevitably leads to narcissistic rage
and to a terrifying display of unbridled aggression. The pent-up frustration and
hurt translate into devaluation. That which was previously idealized is now
discarded with contempt and hatred.
This primitive defense mechanism is called "splitting". To the narcissist,
things and people are either entirely bad (evil) or entirely good. He projects
onto others his own shortcomings and negative emotions, thus becoming a totally
good object. A narcissistic leader is likely to justify the butchering of his own
people by claiming that they intended to kill him, undo the revolution, devastate
the economy, or the country, etc.
The "small people", the "rank and file", the "loyal soldiers" of the narcissist
his flock, his nation, his employees they pay the price. The disillusionment
and disenchantment are agonizing. The process of reconstruction, of rising from
the ashes, of overcoming the trauma of having been deceived, exploited and
manipulated is drawn-out. It is difficult to trust again, to have faith, to
love, to be led, to collaborate. Feelings of shame and guilt engulf the erstwhile
followers of the narcissist. This is his sole legacy: a massive post-traumatic
stress disorder.
DISCLAIMER
I am not a mental health professional. Still, I have dedicated the last 12
years to the study of personality disorders in general and the Narcissistic
Personality Disorder (NPD) in particular. I have authored nine (9) books about
these topics, one of which is a Barnes and Noble best-seller ("Malignant
Self-love: Narcissism Revisited"). My work is widely cited in scholarly tomes and
publications and in the media. My books and the content of my Web site are based
on correspondence since 1996 with hundreds of people suffering from the
Narcissistic Personality Disorder (narcissists) and with thousands of their family
members, friends, therapists, and colleagues.
Sam Vaknin
is the author of Malignant Self Love Narcissism Revisited
and After the Rain How the West Lost the East as well as many other books
and ebooks about topics in psychology, relationships, philosophy, economics,
and international affairs. He served as a columnist for Central Europe
Review, Global Politician, PopMatters, eBookWeb , and Bellaonline, and as a
United Press International (UPI) Senior Business Correspondent. He was the
editor of mental health and Central East Europe categories in The Open
Directory and Suite101. Visit Sam's Web site at
http://samvak.tripod.com
You can download 30 of his free ebooks in
http://www.narcissistic-abuse.com/freebooks.html
.
|
Notable quotes:
"... His posture and his body language were louder than his empty words. ..."
"... One must never underestimate the manipulative genius of pathological narcissists. They project such an imposing personality that it overwhelms those around them. Charmed by the charisma of the narcissist, people become like clay in his hands. They cheerfully do his bidding and delight to be at his service. The narcissist shapes the world around himself and reduces others in his own inverted image. He creates a cult of personality. His admirers become his co-dependents. ..."
"... Narcissists have no interest in things that do not help them to reach their personal objective. They are focused on one thing alone and that is power. All other issues are meaningless to them and they do not want to waste their precious time on trivialities. Anything that does not help them is beneath them and do not deserve their attention. ..."
snopes.com
Dr. Vaknin states "I must confess I was impressed by Sen. Barack
Obama from the first time I saw him. At first I was excited to see a black
candidate. He looked youthful, spoke well, appeared to be confident - a wholesome
presidential package. I was put off soon, not just because of his shallowness
but also because there was an air of haughtiness in his demeanor that was
unsettling. His posture and his body language were louder than his empty
words.
Obama's speeches are unlike any political speech we have heard in American
history. Never a politician in this land had such quasi "religious" impact
on so many people. The fact that Obama is a total incognito with zero accomplishment,
makes this inexplicable infatuation alarming. Obama is not an ordinary man.
He is not a genius. In fact he is quite ignorant on most important subjects.
Barack Obama is a narcissist. Dr. Sam Vaknin, the author of
the Malignant Self Love believes "Barack Obama appears to be a narcissist."
Vaknin is a world authority on narcissism. He understands narcissism and
describes the inner mind of a narcissist like no other person. When he talks
about narcissism everyone listens.
Vaknin says that Obama's language, posture and demeanor, and the testimonies
of his closest, dearest and nearest suggest that the Senator is either a
narcissist or he may have narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). Narcissists
project a grandiose but false image of themselves.
....All these men had
a tremendous influence over their fanciers. They created a personality cult
around themselves and with their blazing speeches elevated their admirers,
filled their hearts with enthusiasm and instilled in their minds a new zest
for life. They gave them hope! They promised them the moon, but alas, invariably
they brought them to their doom.
When you are a victim of a cult of personality, you don't know it until it
is too late. One determining factor in the development of NPD is childhood
abuse. "Obama's early life was decidedly chaotic and replete with traumatic
and mentally bruising dislocations," says Vaknin.
"Mixed-race marriages were even less common then. His parents went
through a divorce when he was an infant (two years old). Obama saw his
father only once again, before he died in a car accident. Then his mother
re-married and Obama had to relocate to Indonesia, a foreign
land with a radically foreign culture, to be raised by a step-father.
At the age of ten, he was whisked off to live with his maternal (white)
grandparents. He saw his mother only intermittently in the following few
years and then she vanished from his life in 1979. She died of cancer
in 1995".
One must never underestimate the manipulative genius of pathological
narcissists. They project such an imposing personality that it overwhelms
those around them. Charmed by the charisma of the narcissist, people become
like clay in his hands. They cheerfully do his bidding and delight to be
at his service. The narcissist shapes the world around himself and reduces
others in his own inverted image. He creates a cult of personality. His admirers
become his co-dependents.
Narcissists have no interest in things that do not help them to reach
their personal objective. They are focused on one thing alone and that is
power. All other issues are meaningless to them and they do not want to waste
their precious time on trivialities. Anything that does not help them is
beneath them and do not deserve their attention.
Even as the comet that is The Donald continues to streak across the political sky-as babes peer in
wonder out their windows, dogs bay in fear in the night and scholars debate the source of the great
apparition-it's worth taking a moment to feel some compassion for the man who's causing all the mischief.
The fact is, it can't be easy to wake up every day and discover that you're still Donald Trump. You
were Trump yesterday, you're Trump today, and barring some extraordinary development, you'll be Trump
tomorrow.
There are, certainly, compensations to being Donald Trump. You're fabulously wealthy; you have
a lifetime pass to help yourself to younger and younger wives, even as you get older and older-a
two-way Benjamin Button dynamic that is equal parts enviable and grotesque. You own homes in Manhattan;
Palm Beach; upstate New York; Charlottesville, Virginia; and Rancho Palos Verdes, California; and
you're free to bunk down in a grand suite in practically any hotel, apartment building or resort
that flies the Trump flag, anywhere on the planet-and there are a lot of them.
But none of that changes the reality of waking up every morning, looking in the bathroom mirror,
and seeing Donald Trump staring back at you. And no, it's not the hair; that, after all, is a choice-one
that may be hard for most people to understand, but a choice all the same, and there's a certain
who-asked-you confidence in continuing to make it. The problem with being Trump is the same thing
that explains the enormous fame and success of Trump: a naked neediness, a certain shamelessness,
an insatiable hunger to be the largest, loudest, most honkingly conspicuous presence in any room-the
great, braying Trumpness of Trump-and that's probably far less of a revel than it seems.
Contented people, well-grounded people, people at ease inside their skin, just don't behave the
way Trump does. The shorthand-and increasingly lazy-description for Trump in recent weeks is that
he is the id
of the Republican party, and there's some truth in that. Trump indeed appears to be emotionally
incontinent, a man wholly without-you should pardon the expression-any psychic sphincter. The boundary
most people draw between thought and speech, between emotion and action, does not appear to exist
for Trump. He says what he wants to say, insults whom he wants to insult, and never, ever considers
apology or retreat.
But that's not someone driven by the pleasures of the id-which, whatever else you can say about
it, is a thing of happy appetites and uncaring impulses. It's far more someone driven by the rage
and pain and emotional brittleness of narcissism, and everywhere in Trump's life are the signs of
what a fraught state of mind that can be.
There is Trump's compulsive use of superlatives-especially when he's talking about his own accomplishments.
Maybe what he's building or selling really is the greatest, the grandest, the biggest, the best,
but if that's so, let the product do the talking. If it can't, maybe it ain't so great.
There's the compulsive promotion of the Trump name. Other giants of commerce and industry use
their own names sparingly-even when they're businesspeople who have the opportunity to turn themselves
from a person into a brand. There is no GatesWare software, no BezosBooks.com; it's not Zuckerbook
you log onto a dozen times a day.
But the Trump name is everywhere in the Trump world, and there's a reason for that. You can look
at something you've built with quiet pride and know it's yours, or you can look at it worriedly,
insecurely, fretting that someone, somewhere may not know that you created it-diminishing you in
the process. And so you stamp what you build with two-story letters identifying who you are- like
a child writing his name on a baseball glove-just to make sure there's no misunderstanding.
On occasion, there is an almost-almost-endearing cluelessness to the primal way Trump
signals his pride in himself. He poses for pictures with his suit jacket flaring open, his hands
on his hips, index and ring fingers pointing inevitably groinward-a great-ape fitness and genital
display if ever there was one. After he bought the moribund Gulf+Western Building in New York City's
Columbus Circle, covered it in gold-colored glass, converted it into a luxury hotel and residence,
and reinforced it with steel and concrete to make it less subject to swaying in the wind, Trump boasted
to The New York Times that it was going to be "the stiffest building in the city." If he
was aware of his own psychic subtext, he gave no indication.
It's not just real estate Trump seeks to own or at least control. There was his attempt to trademark
the words "You're fired," after they became a catchphrase on his reality show, The Apprentice.
There was his offer to donate $5 million to a charity of President Obama's choosing if Obama would
release his college transcripts to him, Donald Trump. In both cases, Trump wants something-possession,
attention, the obeisance of no less than the President-and so he demands it. The behavior is less
id than infant-the most narcissistic stage of the human life cycle.
The petulance of Trump's public feuds-with Rosie ODonnell ("a total loser"), Seth Meyers ("He's
a stutterer"), Robert De Niro ("We're not dealing with Albert Einstein") and Arianna Huffington,
("Unattractive both inside and out. I fully understand why her former husband left her for a man
. . .")-is wholly of a piece with the fragility of the narcissistic ego. In Trump's imaginings, it
is Fox News's Megyn Kelly who owes him an apology for asking pointed questions during the Republican
debate, not Trump who owes Kelly an apology for his boorish behavior and
school-yard Tweets ("Wow,
@ megynkelly really
bombed tonight. People are going wild on twitter! Funny to watch"). As for his sneering misogyny-his
reference to blood coming out of Kelly's "wherever"? Nothing to see here. It's Jeb Bush
who really should apologize to women for his comments about defunding Planned Parenthood.
Trump was right on that score; Bush was indeed clueless to suggest that the annual cost of protecting
women's health should not be as high as $500 million-or just over $3.14 per American woman per year.
So Bush did what people with at least some humility do: He acknowledged his mistake and
at least tried to qualify the statement. That option, however, is closed for the narcissist.
The overweening ego that defines the condition is often just a bit of misdirection intended to conceal
the exact opposite-a deep well of insecurity and even self-loathing. Any admission of wrong shatters
that masquerade.
To call Donald Trump a narcissist is, of course, to state the clinically obvious. There
is the egotism of narcissism, the grandiosity of narcissism, the social obtuseness of narcissism.
But if Trump is an easy target, he is also a pitiable one. Narcissism isn't easy, it isn't fun, it
isn't something to be waved off as a personal shortcoming that hurts only the narcissists themselves,
any more than you can look at the drunk or philanderer or compulsive gambler and not see grief and
regret in his future.
For now, yes, the Trump show is fun to watch. It will be less so if the carnival barker
with his look-at-me antics continues to distract people from a serious discussion of important issues.
It will be less still if Trump actually does wind up as the nominee of a major political party or
mounts an independent campaign and succeeds in tipping the vote one way or the other.
But that kind of triumph is not the fate that awaits most narcissists. Their act becomes
old, their opponents become bold, and the audience-inevitably-moves onto something else. Trump the
phenomenon will surely become Trump the afterthought. He is a man who desperately hungers for respect
and attention and who, by dint of that very desperation, will likely wind up with neither. The pain
will be his; the relief will be ours.
Adapted from
The Narcissist
Next Door: Understanding the Monster in Your Family, in Your Office, in Your Bed-in Your World
by Jeffrey Kluger by arrangement with Riverhead Books, a member of Penguin Group (USA) LLC, Copyright
© 2015 by Jeffrey Kluger.
There's more than a few examples of the archetype doing the rounds at the moment, from the three
lovably awful kids in Amazon's brilliant "Transparent" to the title character of Alex Ross Perry's
brilliant "Listen Up Philip," which opened in limited release last Friday and will continue to expand
in the coming weeks. Said archetype is of course often complex, and "asshole" frequently doesn't
cover it. These characters often are masking deep pain, insecurity, self-doubt and or misplaced arrogance.
But we know these types and while often not likable, they're real and often quite hilariously awful.
So, to mark the release of "Listen Up Philip," which features a deliciously prickly Jason Schwartzman
in the lead as a egocentric young writer who damages all his relationships, romantic or otherwise,
we thought we'd pick out ten of our favorite self-absorbed, unpleasant and yet curiously watchable
characters to go alongside his great turn in the aforementioned film. It should be noted that most
of our examples come from the last decade or two, but that's not entirely surprising, given that
we're arguably living in the most self-obsessed, insular age in human history (this is of course
the era of the selfie). Take a look at our picks below, and let us know your favorites in the comments
section.
Sweet and Lowdown
Sean Penn as Emmett Ray in "Sweet & Lowdown" (2000)
Woody Allen is an obvious touchstone for "Listen Up Philip" ("Husbands And Wives" is named specifically
by Ross Perry, and Sydney Pollack's character in that arguably qualifies for this list too), and
Allen's certainly representative of self-absorption. But none of his creations have been more self-absorbed,
or more asshole-y, than Sean Penn's central figure in "Sweet & Lowdown." The role of Emmet Ray, a
reasonably well-known, heavy-drinking, scumbag of a jazz guitarist whose life is continually overshadowed
by that of his idol Django Reinhardt, was originally penned by Allen (under the original title of
"The Jazz Baby," back in the early 1970s) to be played by the writer/director, but after nearly thirty
years in a drawer, went to Penn (though Johnny Depp was also reportedly considered). And it's hard
to imagine anyone doing a better job. Penn brings a mix of swagger and deeply insecure neuroticism
that makes him very much a creation of Allen, but one that doesn't simply echo the filmmaker in the
manner of so many of his leading-men surrogates. As with the lead of another later film about a guitarist,
the Coens' "Inside Llewyn Davis," Ray is talented, but enough of a fuck-up (drunken, a sometime pimp,
kind of a coward, tight with money, and with a self-inflated view of his own "genius") that he'll
never make the kind of impact that he'd like to. And when potential redemption comes along in the
shape of Samantha Morton's sweet, mute Hattie, he throws it away in order to marry socialite Uma
Thurman. And when he's dumped by her, he's stunned when Hattie's moved on. He's almost irredeemably
awful, and yet Penn's performance, one of his very best, manages to find pathos, as well as a pleasing
level of comedy, in the character, the kind of thing the actor doesn't get to do enough.
The Life Aquatic
Bill Murray as Steve Zissou in "The Life Aquatic With Steve Zissou" (2004)
Wes Anderson characters can generally be grouped under the banner of "self-regarding" to one degree
or another, from Max in "Rushmore" to even the animated Mr. Fox. But his prize asshole might just
be Steve Zissou, in Anderson's fourth film. An oceanographer and documentary maker modelled loosely
after Jacques Cousteau, Zissou is a man whose limited fame and prestige has gone very much to his
head, who drags his inexplicably loyal crew on an Ahab-ish revenge trip against the shark that ate
his long-time partner (Seymour Cassel). He has a certain affection for the people he travels with
(he does at least launch a rescue mission when even hated insurance company employee Bud Cort is
captured by pirates), but is resolutely unlovable otherwise, particularly in his relations with basically
everyone, from consistently hitting on pregnant reporter Jane (Cate Blanchett), treating Klaus (Willem
Dafoe) like a bullied lapdog, or feuding childishly with his maybe-son Ned (Owen Wilson), who's eventually
killed in a helicopter crash on the hunt for the shark. Anderson's characters, even cantankerous
assholes like Royal Tenenbaum, usually find some form of redemption, but there's surprisingly little
for Zissou: Ned, who turns out not to be his son anyway, dies, and Zissou is once again acclaimed
at a film festival for his finished picture. It's a decidedly sour note, and perhaps one of the reasons
that the lavish, lovingly made 'Aquatic' is possibly Anderson's least-loved picture.
The Social Network
Jesse Eisenberg as Mark Zuckerberg in "The Social Network" (2010)
"You're going to go through life thinking that girls don't like because you're a nerd," says Rooney
Mara's Erica to Mark Zuckerberg (Jesse Eisenberg) at the beginning of David Fincher's Aaron Sorkin
penned "The Social Network." "And I want you to know, from the bottom of my heart, that that won't
be true. It'll be because you're an asshole." And it's perfect introduction to the condescending,
snobbish, ambitious, narcisisstic founder of Facebook, the website that will eventually make him
a billionaire.
And as the film goes on, Zuckerberg never exactly improves: he creates an insulting
blog about Erica, hacks into Harvard's network to steal photos of women to let people rate their
attractiveness, possibly steals the idea for his site from a trio of other students, freezes out
best friend Eduardo Saverin (Andrew Garfield), and ends up rich but estranged, endlessly refreshing
his friend request to Erica. He's selfish, self-regarding, prickly and defensive, but in the hands
of Eisenberg's meticulous, brilliant performance, you can also see why.
He embodies the true revenge
of the nerds, a twisted and bitter one, but he's only that way because that's what he thinks he has
to be. As his attorney, Marylin (Rashida Jones) tells him at the film's conclusion, "you're not an
asshole, Mark. You're just trying so hard to be."
A Fish Called Wanda
Kevin Kline as Otto in "A Fish Called Wanda" (1988)
Self-absorption is often something that seems to come with intellect, as demonstrated by the characters
on this list. Many of these figures genuinely are the smartest person in the room and treat anyone
they deem not to be on their level with according levels of contempt. Otto, in "A Fish Called Wanda,"
is something slightly different, and all the funnier for it: he's a moron who only thinks he's the
smartest person in the room. The result, unusually for a broad comedy like Charles Crichton's 1988
hit (penned by co-star John Cleese), won Kevin Kline a Best Supporting Actor Oscar. The character
is the film's secret weapon, a borderline psychotic, Limey-hating dimwit with a severe inferiority
complex, which manifests in his continual threats to those around not to call him stupid. But as
his lover Wanda (Jamie Lee Curtis) tells him, "I've known sheep that could outwit you. I've worn
dresses with higher IQs." Otto is a man who thinks "the Gettysburg Address was where Lincoln lived,"
that the central message of Buddhism is "every man for himself," and that the London Underground
is a political movement. He's the ultimate Ugly American abroad ("you are the vulgarian, you fuck,"
he tells Cleese's Archie when he calls him on his swearing), a terrible driver with the most hilarious
off-putting cum face in cinematic history, and a total tour de force from Kline that still remains
the actor's finest hour. He's the truly hateable kind of asshole in the best possible way. It says
it all that, after somehow surviving being run over by a steamroller, he becomes Minister of Justice
in apartheid-era South Africa
Young Adult
Charlize Theron as Mavis Gary in "Young Adult" (2011)
Arguably Jason Reitman's best film to date, a brilliant gender-swapped inversion of the arrested-development
theme that's dominated the comedy movie in the last decade or so, "Young Adult" revolves around a
titanic performance from Charlize Theron, playing one of the most unrepentantly unlikable, unchangeable
characters in recent cinema. Theron, arguably in a career-best turn, plays Mavis, a divorced writer
of the teen-aimed books whose series has just been cancelled. On a whim, she returns to her small
Minnesota hometown in an attempt to win back her high-school sweetheart (Patrick Wilson), who's just
a had baby with his wife (Elizabeth Reaser). Mavis is clearly having some kind of deluded break with
reality, but part of the brilliance of Theron's performance is how unquestioning she is of herself:
a Mean Girl grown up, chasing simpler times when she ruled the world, and prepared to do just about
anything to get there. Theron never courts your sympathy, but there's still a deep sadness in Mavis'
absolute lack of self-reflection, not least when she's comes close to a breakthrough, only to be
talked out of it by one of her few remaining admirers (a brilliant Colette Wolfe). People talked
about her bravery in changing her appearance for her Oscar-winning turn in "Monster," but there's
just as little vanity in her performance here, and the film simply wouldn't work without her.
Baumbach Squid
The Assorted Jerks Of Noah Baumbach
Another obvious touchstone for "Listen Up Philip," Noah Baumbach is arguably, and we mean this in
the nicest way possible, the king of the self-absorbed asshole. In fact, we decided to amalgamate
his collected jerks into one selection, because otherwise it could have taken up half of the entire
list. The filmmaker's been interested in the archetype ever since his debut "Kicking And Screaming,"
about chronically procrastinating recent college grads, but (after co-writing the script for two
of Wes Anderson's most self-absorbed characters with "The Life Aquatic" and "Fantastic Mr. Fox")
reached something of a zenith with what we like to call 'The Asshole Trilogy' : "The Squid & The
Whale," "Margot At The Wedding" and "Greenberg." 'Squid' is the best, as we gradually see the effects
of self-absorbed, generally toxic novelist Bernard (Jeff Daniels) on his son (Jesse Eisenberg) during
the parents' bitter divorce, ending movingly with Walt rejecting the Way Of The Jerk. 2007's 'Margot'
was disliked by many at the time, but has only grown in stature, with Nicole Kidman's brittle, sharp
turn proving to be a perfect fit for the filmmakers' world-view, appalling (but still human) as she
takes her frustrations in life out on her son. 2010's "Greenberg" is the least of the three, despite
a raw and uncompromising performance by Ben Stiller in the title role, a thwarted man-child who can't
see much beyond his own needs and worldview. The three films aren't the easiest watch (no wonder
that Baumbach's next film, the delightful "Frances Ha," felt like such a breath of fresh air), but
together do a pretty great job at encapsulating the era of mammoth selfishness.
Roger Dodger
Campbell Scott as Roger Swanson in "Roger Dodger" (2002)
Jesse Eisenberg makes another appearance on this list (his more malevolent side in the recent "The
Double" could also have qualified), but for once, he's not the asshole. That would be Campbell Scott,
who is remarkably brilliant in Dylan Kidd's minor classic "Roger Dodger." Scott plays the titular
Roger Swanson, a New York ad-man who's asked by his 16-year-old nephew to help him learn how to seduce
women so he can lose his virginity. Roger's a self-described player and essentially a misogynist,
and attempts to induct his young relative in what he describes as essentially a war of the sexes.
A smarmy early '00s precursor to today's pick-up artist scumbags, Roger doesn't have the charm that
he thinks he does, particularly given that he's in an unacknowledged meltdown after being dumped
by lover/boss Isabella Rosselini. Like many such people, he hates almost everyone around him, but
no one brings out quite so much bile in him as himself, and it's this brilliant duality that makes
the performance one of Scott's best. Kidd's film is a woozy, witty examination of sex and masculinity,
and though it missteps a little towards the end in offering something of a redemption for the character,
it still gave us one of the more iconic cinematic douchebags of the last couple of decades.
Rachel Getting Married
Anne Hathaway as Kym in "Rachel Getting Married" (2008)
We think of being an asshole as a specifically male trait, but we've already seen with "Young Adult"
and "Margot At The Wedding" that there's no gender divide. "Rachel Getting Married" is another great
example, one that's arguably sadder and psychologically richer than either. Jonathan Demme's film
stars a revelatory Anne Hathaway as Kym, who returns home from drug rehab to attend the wedding of
her sister (Rosemarie DeWitt), only for the family's long-brushed-over painful past to emerge, as
it tends to do in movies like this one. Kym initially seems like a comically awful person, a selfish,
up-staging drug addict who hijacks the rehearsal dinner to make twelve-step apologies, and who seems
to delight in deliberately upsetting almost anyone in her family and not accepting any blame for
her actions. But over time, Kym richens, as we learn that she killed her younger brother in a car
accident when she was high, and while that itself is clearly a terrible and selfish action, it's
only continued to haunt her, and Hathaway is superb in painting a picture of a woman who longs to
be forgiven by people who would like to, but might just find it impossible. Demme and the movie never
let her off the hook, but that whatever small progress she might make happens at all feels all the
more moving for being so hard-won.
As Good As It Gets
Jack Nicholson in "As Good As It Gets" (1997)
Ol' Jack plays cantankerous assholes the way Tom Hanks plays nice guys or Tom Cruise plays people
who jumps off tall buildings: brilliantly, vigorously and frequently. In James L. Brooks' award-winning
rom-com, Nicholson builds on earlier performances like "Five Easy Pieces" "Carnal Knowledge" and
"Heartburn" to create something like a crown prince of unlikable fellas, OCD-suffering, racist, homophobic,
misogynist misanthrope novelist Melvin Udall, whose carefully controlled life is upended by the intervention
of gay neighbor Simon (Greg Kinnear), and single-mother waitress Carol (Helen Hunt). Nicholson might
be playing a slightly sitcom-ish, Archie Bunker-ish character, but the mix of his typical devilish
charm, smartly and sparingly used, and a detailed psychological realism that makes Melvin into more
than just an archetype, elevated the performance to Oscar-winning effect. Though of course it helps
that Nicholson is clearly relishing the lovingly and intricately-written speeches that he gets to
deploy ("never, never interrupt me, okay?," he tells Simon. "Not if there's a fire, not even if you
hear the sound of a thud from my home and one week later there's a smell coming from there that can
only be a decaying human body and you have to hold a hanky to your face because the stench is so
thick that you think you're going to faint"). There's a certain degree of cheesiness to the way that
Melvin softens up thanks to the love of a good woman, but Jack never makes you doubt it for a minute.
Last Days of Disco
The Many Assholes Of Whit Stillman
Like Baumbach, Whit Stillman is a director who's made a career with characters who can't quite see
past their own bubble of existence (and, usually, privilege), up to and including his current Amazon
pilot "The Cosmopolitans." The pattern began with his debut "Metropolitan," in which Stillman favorite
Chris Eigeman plays arguably the platonic ideal of the director's favorite archetype, a big-mouthed
upper-class cynic who one can imagine going into Wall Street and essentially becoming Patrick Bateman
in years to come ('"the surrealists were just bunch of social climbers," he condescendingly says
at one point). Follow-up "Barcelona" sees Eigeman in a similarly smug role, the ugly American abroad,
while "The Last Days Of Disco" sees Kate Beckinsale (who's fantastic here) as a particularly callow
example of the type ("remember the Woodstock generation of the 1960s that were so full of themselves
and conceited? None of them could dance," she tells someone at one point with the naivety of youth).
If one was ungenerous, one could argue that the narrow worldview of his films makes Stillman and
his archaic language rather self-absorbed himself, but that's a misreading: Stillman is ultimately
a social satirist, a sort of cinematic heir to Jane Austen (whose influence is felt in his most recent
picture, "Damsels In Distress," more than ever), savagely poking at the ridiculous attitudes and
views of his characters without ever quite judging them.
Honorable Mentions: There were various other possibilities that we dismissed as not quite being
quite the right brand of asshole for this specific theme: think of Kirk Douglas in "Ace In The Hole,"
Tony Curtis and Burt Lancaster in "Sweet Smell Of Success" (too toxic), even William Atherton in
"Die Hard" and "Ghostbusters" (which veers closer to a simple villain). Among the ones who came closest
to qualifying were Ed Norton and Micheal Keaton in "Birdman" (we wrote about their self-absorbed
asshole-ish tendencies here), Rachel McAdams in "Mean Girls," Matt Damon in "The Departed," Paul
Reiser in "Aliens," Aaron Eckhart in "In The Company Of Men," and Tom Hulce in "Amadeus," along with
both Jason Schwartzman's villain, and arguably Michael Cera's hero, in "Scott Pilgrim Vs. The World."
Any others? Let us know below
If you want observe people with narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) or strong narcissistic
traits, look no further than your TV set. There are many memorable movie characters who display the
basic characteristics of narcissism: the grandiose and overinflated sense of self, lack of empathy,
exploitation of others with no remorse, and excessive self-focus. Listed below are some of the more
well-known narcissists portrayed in the movies:
Movie: The Devil Wears Prada
Played By: Meryl Streep
About: Now this is an NPD character that sticks with you.
Movie: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets
Played By: Kenneth Branagh
About: This is the definition of narcissism. Lockhart is hilarious. One of the comical moments from
the series is when Lockhart is talking to Harry during his detention and says "Fame is a fickle friend,
Harry. Celebrity is as celebrity does. Remember that." *turn and smile* He goes to such lengths as
to fake his fame and risk the deaths of many students just to keep his ego fed.
Movie: The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
Played By: Sam Rockwell
About: Zaphod (and Sam Rockwell) is great and Rockwell plays him well- he's fun for the role he has.
Movie: American Psycho
Played By: Christian Bale
About: Bale plays the role with what appears to be ease. He's a completely memorable character with
some very iconic scenes.
Movie: Dinner for Schmucks
Played By: Jemaine Clements
About: Whether or not you liked the movie, most have agreed that Jamaine Clements was the best part.
Movie: The American Pie Trilogy
Played By: Seann William Scott
About: Stifler thinks he's hot stuff, almost obnoxiously so. But he's not without his insecurities
underneath it all. He's probably not a true narcissist as the rest on this listit's much more of
a front, at least partially. But there's no doubting he thinks highly of himself, and he's funny
while he thinks so.
Movie: Zoolander
Played By: Ben Stiller
About: "I'm pretty sure there's a lot more to life than being really, really, ridiculously good looking.
And I plan on finding out what that is."
Movie: Forgetting Sarah Marshall/Get Him to the Greek
Played by: Russell Brand
About: Russell Brand was hilarious in themclearly the best part of the movies.
Movie: The Princess Bride
Played By: Wallace Shawn
About: Vizzini: "I can't compete with you physically, and you're no match for my brains." Westley:
"You're that smart?" Vizzini: "Let me put it this way. Have you ever heard of Plato? Aristotle? Socrates?"
Westley: "Yes." Vizzini: "Morons."
Movie: Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy
Played By: Will Ferrell
About: The narcissism is right there in the title of the film! He's a fun character, wrapped up in
his own little world.
MOVIE: Gaslight
Played by: Charles Boyer
ABOUT: This classic movie is where the term gaslighting comes from, to indicate how an N (or other
abuser) lies to you to make you doubt your experience of reality. Although the film is a bit dated
now (it was made in the 1940s) it is still extremely gripping and terrifying. The narcissist in this
film, Gregory Anton, is trying to deliberately send his new wife insane in order to inherit from
her. An absolute must-watch for anybody interest in learning more about malignant NPD.
MOVIE: Mommie Dearest
Played By: Faye Dunaway
ABOUT: A classic film. It's the real-life story of total narcissist Joan Crawford and her daughter
Christina. This is a chillingly accurate portrayal of the hell of being raised by a narcissist.
MOVIE: White Oleander
Played by: Michelle Pfeiffer
ABOUT: Michelle Pfeiffer plays the narcissistic mother in this amazing film, and by all accounts
does a terrific job.
MOVIE: Gone With the Wind
Played by: Vivien Leigh
ABOUT: Scarlett O'Hara is a total narcissist in this classic tale.
Other Movies Portraying Narcissistic Characters
American Beauty (narcissistic mother)
East of Eden (narcissistic father)
Ordinary People (narcissistic mother)
Mermaids (Cher as Mrs. Flax)
Whatever Happened to Baby Jane? (narcissistic sister)
Sybil (narcissistic mother)
The Little Foxes (narcissistic mother)
Flowers in the Attic (narcissistic mother)
Matilda (both parents are narcissists)
Coraline (both "other" parents are narcissists)
Precious (narcissistic mother)
Girl Interrupted (Angelina Jolie)
Life or Something Like It (Angelina Jolie)
References:
http://www.narcissism101.com/NarcissistsinMedia/narcissistsinmov.html
http://dementeddoorknob.blogspot.com/2010/10/top-10-favorite-narcissistic-characters.html
http://daughtersofnarcissisticmothers.com/movies-featuring-npd.html
http://www.outofthefog.net/Movies.html
Kindle edition
Notable quotes:
"... Society typically supports females, especially narcissistic women, as they
are often the victims of stereotypical males (in real life and fictional portrayals).
..."
"... In my case, I felt like a man who was for years playing on a stage and
with a coreography designed by my ex wife. ..."
"... As a victim, narcissism makes you crazy, the more you delve into it to
understand it, the more you get tangled in the lies, distorted views of reality,
crazy nonsense "dialogues", etc. ..."
"... I've lived with a female narcissist for years and reading this made me
fees as if the writer was right there with me for MY story! It's amazing how traumatic
these people are. ..."
"... I also really enjoyed another similar book " Surviving Sara " by Brian
Morgan. Very similar story and I can't help but few the pain these men went through.
..."
Todd L. Andrews on March 14, 2015 Format: Kindle Edition Verified
Purchase
This book is a desperately needed wake up call to NS men needing fluorescent
illumination in the middle of "gaslight" and other
I really identified with the "role reversal" and truth that there are
men that suffer under a female N's tactics. The severity and persistence
of the female N is exposed brilliantly in this book. Having Zari identify
the male as a victim of the narcissist is crucial to helping men break free
of the craziness, while also helping men identify why they feel so stuck
loving the woman they have committed their souls to. Also crucial, is the
chapter that breaks out the difficulty of "no contact" when children are
involved.
While many N relationships share much in common, the male NS suffers
under societies prescribed male strengths, and serves to undermine the ability
of men to overcome being trapped. Society typically supports females,
especially narcissistic women, as they are often the victims of stereotypical
males (in real life and fictional portrayals).
Kudos to the Author for helping unlock the chains of this forbidden subject.
There are, not undeservedly, many explicatives used in this book. I believe
the strong words are approiate representations of the years of suffering
and pain inflicted by the narcissist on their supply. The author's insights
will likely help release many NS men from their prison within.
Man_under_female_attack on April 15, 2015 Format: Kindle Edition
Verified Purchase
Men under pain by narc women deserved to get a book like this. I
was married to a narc women for several years, and we share a daughter.
I thank Zari Ballard for this excellent account of how narc females move
around in society, mostly unknown to other people, friends and relatives
who judge them just as "weird" or "arrogant".
In my case, I felt like a man who was for years playing on a stage
and with a coreography designed by my ex wife. Now, thanks to books
like this one, I can stand aside and *understand* what went on, and what
is currently going on. As a victim, narcissism makes you crazy, the
more you delve into it to understand it, the more you get tangled in the
lies, distorted views of reality, crazy nonsense "dialogues", etc.
I spent years married with a woman with whom I had no real dialogue,
without noticing it. If you are a man in distress, and you feel some woman
makes you feel miserable, please read this book to go deep into the causes
of your pain. Thanks Zari for your book, thanks from the many men that suffer
the pain inflicted by narcissistic women.
Jonathan Thompson on March 3, 2016 Format: Kindle Edition
Verified Purchase
Wow!! Amazing read.
I've lived with a female narcissist for years and reading this made
me fees as if the writer was right there with me for MY story! It's amazing
how traumatic these people are.
Well written. I also really enjoyed another similar book "Surviving
Sara" by Brian Morgan. Very similar story and I can't help but few the
pain these men went through.
Jack on December 11, 2015 Format: Kindle Edition Verified Purchase
Need to get off the crazy train? This is your first stop!
Guys, if your life is one gigantic roller coaster ride of being seduced,
destroyed emotionally, and then kicked to the curb when you say anything,
then this is the place to start.
If you're looking at this review, then you know something in your relationship
is slowly poisoning you to death. It is NOT you! Wanna know why? Get the
book!!!
PowermanBillX on April 29, 2015 Format: Kindle Edition Verified
Purchase
Absolute must read if you are in a relationship with a female N!
This book will give you the tools to end the roller coaster from Hell
ride once and for all. You have to summon the strength to end the dance
with crazy because if you don't, your life will NEVER be good or close to
normal!
Notable quotes:
"... The 43-year-old actress said she wanted other sufferers to know that help was available, and claimed that being diagnosed with bipolar disorder had made her appreciate life all the more. ..."
"... "The smartest thing I did was to stop going online," ..."
"... "I'm the sort of person who will just look for the negative. Michael really can't understand it, but that's the way I am. And, with my bipolar thing, that's poison. ..."
Welsh actress Catherine Zeta-Jones has spoken out about her battle
with manic depression after being admitted to a US rehabilitation clinic last
year, in an effort to lift the "stigma" of mental illness.
Catherine Zeta-Jones has spoken about her battle with manic depression in
an effort to lift the "stigma" of mental illness.
The 43-year-old actress said she wanted other sufferers to know that
help was available, and claimed that being diagnosed with bipolar disorder had
made her appreciate life all the more.
In April last year, Zeta-Jones was admitted to a US rehabilitation clinic
where doctors concluded she was suffering from bipolar II disorder, a form of
manic depression.
Her husband, fellow actor Michael Douglas, was recovering from treatment
for throat cancer at the time.
"I'm not the kind of person who likes to shout out my personal issues from
the rooftops but, with my bipolar becoming public, I hope fellow sufferers will
know it is completely controllable," Zeta-Jones told US InStyle magazine.
"I hope I can help remove any stigma attached to it, and that those who don't
have it under control will seek help with all that is available to treat it."
Describing the past 18 months as "an intense time in good ways and bad",
the Welsh actress said: "You find out who you really are and who are you are
married to. You find things inside yourself you never imagined were there.
"I've gained an appreciation for little things, like tea outside on a terrace."
Zeta-Jones admitted that, at the height of her illness, she Googled her name
to find negative comments about herself.
"The smartest thing I did was to stop going online," she said.
"I'm the sort of person who will just look for the negative. Michael
really can't understand it, but that's the way I am. And, with my bipolar thing,
that's poison.
"So I just stopped. Cold turkey. And it's so liberating."
The couple have two children, Dylan and Carys, and Zeta-Jones claimed they
have a down-to-earth lifestyle. "We're country people, really, I garden and
knit. I golf. We ride horses," she said.
"I love clothes and, yes, we go out, but it's not like I'm walking around
all day in a negligee with fluffy mules."
FlonneCVX
Some Good Points, but Significantly Misguided
,
June 19, 2012
This review is from: NOT "Just Friends": Rebuilding Trust
and Recovering Your Sanity After Infidelity (Kindle Edition)
Not "Just Friends" seemed like an interesting read to me, as I am fascinated by anything psychology-related,
especially when it comes to relationships. As someone who has endured abuse in several intimate
relationships (mostly verbal, but some physical), I am grateful that I have never been sexually
cheated on, as far as I know, despite having had many wounds and raw spots in my psyche as
a result of those relationships. I have always wondered why people cheat, and have never thought
of the idea myself, despite the misery, low-self-esteem, and exhausting amounts of work I have
experienced from previous abusive relationships. Before the actual review starts, I probably
should note a disclaimer here: I am a young, never-married college student with no plans for
children and am heading toward a successful career. For as long as my lifetime will allow,
I would love to also have a monogamous partner for companionship, love, and sexual intimacy.
First, I will start out with the positive points of the book. I should point out that the authors
use a wonderful set of vocabulary words (e.g. "acumen") that one does not see often in many
self-help books, further enriching the reading experience. The Kindle edition is especially
nice, because it is easy to highlight and look up said words for future use.
Second, the writers did offer some interesting insight as to why people cheat. Various statistics
are presented that challenge the common myths surrounding infidelity. The most fascinating
and validating concept to me is the following: the cheating partner is usually not straying
because his or her needs are not met; the said partner is actually not *giving* enough to the
relationship. This debunks the myth that the betrayed partner is usually at fault for the affair
because the partner is not attending to the cheating partner's needs. Of course, the authors
do acknowledge that entitlement and character (though they do not actually use that word) are
the bottom line as to whether someone will cheat or not. Like myself, some people are naturally
monogamous according to genetics (not mentioned in the book), and/or they have unconscious
"blinders" that keep them away from temptation, because they are either incredibly happy with
their partner, morally opposed to cheating, take precautions, set boundaries, etc. In other
words, biological, psychological, social, and emotional factors all play into whether or not
someone will cheat, especially inner attitudes about what is acceptable behavior for him or
herself.
Third, the book offered various stories and explanations of how many affairs start from
an innocuous friendship based on lively conversation, advancing to sexual tension and eventually
an intensely emotional and sexual affair that entrenches the original relationship into a mire.
Although I wish the anecdotes had more conclusions ("they stayed together" or "they divorced").
After reading this book, I realized that I was emotionally cheated on in one of my past relationships.
He had longtime sexual/romantic feelings for her that she did not reciprocate, but he complained
to her about my sexuality without discussing it with me first. When she said inappropriate
and disparaging remarks about me through her "unbiased female perspective," he believed her
word over mine, despite the fact that I have never talked to her or met her. He made it evident
through his words and actions that he respected and valued her more than me as a person, and
never defended me to her. After ending the relationship, my research, therapist and friends
assured me that he was controlling and verbally/physically abusive, and I was not at fault.
Fourth, the book cites common-sense yet commonly ignored facts about what affairs really
are. For instance, sexual activities outside of a relationship are always cheating. Even if
it is just kissing. Sure, intercourse is way more devastating and less forgivable than a kiss,
but it is absolutely imperative to acknowledge any extramarital sexual activity as cheating.
Emotional cheating means one or more of the following: sharing more with the other person than
with your spouse, betraying your spouse by sharing concerns with the affair partner rather
than talking to the spouse yourself, badmouthing the spouse to the affair partner, and/or somehow
placing yourself in a position that establishes more emotional intimacy with the affair partner
than with your spouse.
However, the negative aspects of this book cannot be ignored. I regret to say that I was
surprised at how this book tended to actually sympathize more with the cheater than the betrayed
partner. Dr. Glass said that she advises the majority of couples stricken by an affair to try
to reconcile. Although she claims she understands how devastating and hurtful betrayal is in
a relationship, it seems that she downplays it to acknowledge the [self-inflicted] "hurt" and
"pain" the cheater experiences. I do wonder if Dr. Glass has experienced a betrayal herself.
Perhaps she never has, and is incredibly naive and ignorant, or she has cheated herself and
wishes to idealize the end-product of cheating as fixable and relationship-strengthening. She
does not stress how entitled and abusive cheating is to a relationship. I am of the camp that
believes cheating is never acceptable in a relationship; if one is unhappy, it is best to voice
concerns and work on the relationship with love, respect, and honesty. If issues are not resolved
in a timely manner according to one's liking, it is possible to leave and then find someone
else in our relatively liberal American society. If my hypothetical boyfriend/husband had a
sexual affair AND needed to actually grieve over the loss of his affair partner (through "me
time") while remaining ambivalent about me, I would promptly show him the door instead of staying
and working on the relationship like Dr. Glass suggests.
In the heartbreaking case of Ralph and Rachel, I wished that Rachel had left Ralph, discounting
the possibility that she would not get adequate child support. Ralph and Rachel seemed to be
a happy couple who believed in monogamy. Ralph later had an affair with his younger coworker,
Lara, after an intense friendship sparked into sexual tension and forbidden romance. Why did
Ralph do this? Rachel was tired from taking care of three small children-- gasp! Ralph felt
neglected and like they did not do enough for themselves. Rachel also had separate interests,
such as the fact that she did not like the Sopranos like Lara did. The situation did not drive
Ralph to cheat on Rachel. His attitudes of entitlement, compartmentalization, and disregard
for both Rachel and Lara's feelings led him to make an entirely selfish decision that will
forever scar the relationship between Ralph and Rachel. Had Ralph just been a better person
and had manned up and had a respectful heart-to-heart with Rachel ("Darling, I want us to make
more time for ourselves rather than discuss the kids all the time."), they could have worked
out a compromise and made their relationship stronger by overcoming the difficulties of raising
children together. Although Dr. Glass never outright says this, it seems like she places about
half the blame on infidelity for the betrayed partner's "nagging" and whatnot, although she
says there is no way to affair-proof a marriage. Rachel's so-called lack of attention did not
cause or play in the part of any of Ralph's infidelity. Ralph cheated because he decided to
cheat. Simple as that. If he did not feel entitled to do something unacceptable that he and
Rachel had discussed before, he would not have cheated. If he did not silently believe that
his "needs" came before that of Rachel and their children, and/or if he could truly love Rachel
more than any other romantic option, he probably would have never cheated.
Another couple's story angered me. After a long period of healing time, the betrayed wife
surprised her unfaithful husband one night by wearing a wig to bed resembling the (very different)
hair of his affair partner, leading to giggling and lovemaking. She will never live up to his
fantasy woman affair partner, so she tries to be "the cool wife" by joking about the affair
and posing as the other woman for his fantasies. Stories like these are patronizing and demeaning,
reeking of the double-standard that benefits the cheating partner.
Last, but absolutely the most disturbing part, is that this book often discounts personal
autonomy, taking responsibility for one's actions, and personal power to do the right thing
in the midst of trying times. Dr. Glass does mention briefly that individual issues can contribute
to cheating. The truth is that a person's own unique set of beliefs, attitudes, morality, and
reasoning is the be-all and end-all as to whether or not they will cheat. The same can be said
for other destructive behavior, such as violence. Even if one feels the intense emotions of
despair, destructive, unjust violence as a follow-up is never encouraged. The same can be said
for relational aggression or betrayal of a friend's trust in a way that deeply wounds him or
her. Then, why is it okay for someone to cheat then expect the partner to stay with him or
her? Even worse, the book suggests that the betrayed partner to become a control freak; "mommying"
the cheater and snooping during his or her "recovery" process post-cheating. The book recommends
that the betrayed spouse require call check-ups, like "where are you? who are you with? what
are you eating for dinner?" much akin to the worried parent with the newly driving teenager.
The book advises that partners spend a lot of time together, doing lots of hobbies together
and almost implying that a relationship is vulnerable to infidelity if, gasp, you have some
different interests.
I strongly suggest that anyone subjected to betrayal read the excellent books by Lundy Bancroft.
For cheatees, "Should I Stay or Should I Go?" (especially helpful if you have also read "Why
Does He DO That?") helps you realize your self-worth and discover underlying attitudes that
allowed your partner to treat you terribly, without shaming you for leaving if that is what
you decide to do. Although the books are more directed toward women, many of the concepts can
be used by men dealing with abuse and infidelity from women, as the bottom line is entitlement,
selfishness, and lack of empathy, not gender.
A. James
says:
Thanks for everything you have written. I'm in the same category. After my last
two break-ups, I've been seriously considering putting an end to dating and my
dreams of life-long commitment and happiness. Men are VERY selfish,
manipulative and simple-minded, (always playing "love games" like having
machismo or not trying to appear so needy) and all it has left me is jaded with
a major fear of betrayal and a hopeless incredulity of true/monogamous love.
One similar book "The Tao of Dating" states that no matter what, cheating in
any marriage or long-term relationship is inevitable; therefore, what's the
damn point of it all? Is it worth the repetitive cycle of suffering, anxiety?
We are just perpetuating and imposing unrealistic and self-destructive "old
school" societal ideals on ourselves...who reaps great expectations, sows great
disappointment.
After much contemplation, I feel like I only wanted a man because it makes me
look good to society (makes people envious too), plus it's the only way I'd be
able to have a child without serious consequences. Not true. Consider 1) Screw
what others thinks! 2) the easy access to adoption and fertility clinics 3) the
advancement of strong-willed, independent women.
Unfortunately, I'm still stuck on the thought that not having a partner would
leave a gap in my life (the good and bad moments everyone wants to share with
someone). As a result, this layers-thick wall I've been trying to build to
protect my heart is already crumbling
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5 of 7 people think this post adds to the discussion. Do you?
In reply to
an earlier post
on Oct 12, 2012 11:12:12 PM PDT
Last edited by the author on Oct 12, 2012 11:28:49 PM PDT
FlonneCVX
says:
Oh, A. James, I'm so sorry you've been through it too. A lot of men are that
way. Thank you for posting, by the way. I appreciate the positive feedback.
It almost seems that, in relationships, when you try to speak up about
something bothering you (nicely) or start to get emotional, they accuse you of
"starting fights/drama." However, if you try to keep your issues to
yourself/think it's not that bad at the time, then confess that you realized
you felt something wrong after the fact, you're told you're a liar.
I am adamantly committed to no game-playing (except the fun, non-abusive,
non-manipulative kind), yet most guys don't meet me on the same page despite
swearing how honest they are. It's very difficult to assess one's character in
the beginning of a relationship. Maybe we should all wait 3 months before
getting serious?
While I am certain the concept that "cheating is inevitable" is false for many
couples (they may be unhappy in other ways though), my feelings, mind, and
intelligence have been invalidated so much by men that I have started to lose
hope as well. Relationships shouldn't consist of suffering, especially when
most of the relationship is suffering.
I believe that a happy, healthy single-parent home is likely to be much better
for a child than a two-parent dysfunctional, emotionally abusive home.
Especially if the single parent has enough financial resources and has a
network of close friends and family members to be positive role models for the
child. I feel that if you have the right resources, I support that choice.
Quite honestly, I only "need" a man for intimacy. The problem is that I want a
relationship alongside it, for exclusivity, romance, and friendship. The
problem is that I fear getting married, because in my experience, getting
serious with a man leads to him hurting you or acting like a child so that you
have to constantly take care of his needs (food, etc.) so you get caregiver
burnout. Pre-nups are always essential if you make a decent amount of money,
despite the general "coldness" associated with them.
I wish I knew the answer. I still want a relationship, but I am scared to death
of "forever" with a man. I want an equal, not a child or someone who will hurt
or neglect me emotionally or physically. I sometimes suffer nightmares about
some of my exes.
Best of luck to you. I hope you find someone wonderful, but either way, you can
absolutely realize your dreams. :)
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3 of 3 people think this post adds to the discussion. Do you?
Posted on Nov 2, 2012 3:31:39 AM PDT
malika
says:
I thought this post was very well thought out and written and makes some
extremely valid points. I have this book, through reading it I realised that my
ex was not 'just friends' with the other woman. This 'friendship' arose after
he had had a sexual encounter with a prostitute. He told me I should be able to
forgive him because this encounter was sexual not emotional, so off I trotted
to counselling, being the good wife, after all why would I want to throw away
our marriage, everything we had together to end up being on my own miserable
and lonely (his words).
Then the 'friendship' started. All I ever heard was it was 'just my
imagination' I was 'too jealous' then later 'it's emotional not sexual so it
doesn't count'. Next he told me that he wouldn't give up his friendship with
her, that it meant more to him than I did, than our marriage did. Through his
bullying, emotional, verbal, and psychological abuse I had gotten to the point
of contemplating suicide. Then I woke up and realised that my life was worth
living. He has always denied having a sexual affair with her, even now when
they're living together. When I filed for divorce his words to me were 'I
thought we had an agreement, that we would be together, forever, no matter
what'. My reply was 'that was your mistake, thinking 'no matter what'.
The spouse/partner may very well endure verbal, emotional and psychological
abuse in the form of bullying, taunts, threats and even physical violence, and
all to ease the other persons conscience. But this is part of their game of
manipulation, to get the cheated partner to believe that it's all in their
mind, that they shouldn't be thinking like this, that other people wouldn't be
so jealous, you're too sensitive, you're a drama queen, you should be on the
Jerry Springer show.
Fiona, I also like your reply to A James, in the time since my divorce I have
met guys who have just wanted the sex but not the relationship. They don't even
want to take you out on a date, or buy a bottle of wine, but they expect you to
want to jump into bed with them. Sorry, but this woman is also committed to no
game playing, which is why when I meet a guy I'm brutally honest about what I
want, I won't tread on the toes of another person by entering into a
relationship with someone who's already in one, also I don't want to be second
to another person. I don't do the just sex thing, but now I've realised that I
don't want someone moving into my house with me because I've met guys who saw
me as somewhere to live for free and thought I should be ok with that. NOT!! To
be perfectly honest I'm beginning to think it's time someone came up with
Stepford men. (for anyone not knowing this reference look up the film Stepford
Wives).
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In reply to
an earlier post
on Nov 11, 2012 12:02:08 PM PST
FlonneCVX
says:
I'm so sorry you went through that painful ordeal, Malika. None of that
nonsense was your fault. It sounds like you did everything you could to keep
the marriage together. Like many of the men I have dated, he was toxic and no
matter what you could have done, he would have found a way to continue to
squash your heart, mind and soul to keep you under control and enforce his
entitled double-standard lifestyle. I'm so glad you left him; you don't deserve
that behavior from anyone, especially a man who claims to love you and reaps
the benefits of a marriage to you.
"Sorry, but this woman is also committed to no game playing, which is why when
I meet a guy I'm brutally honest about what I want, I won't tread on the toes
of another person by entering into a relationship with someone who's already in
one, also I don't want to be second to another person. I don't do the just sex
thing, but now I've realised that I don't want someone moving into my house
with me because I've met guys who saw me as somewhere to live for free and
thought I should be ok with that. NOT!!"
Heh, I could have written the above paragraph myself. I am 100% with you. I am
determined to wait a long time to evaluate a man's trustworthiness before he
can jump into a cohabitation/marriage-situation with me. There are way too many
users out there, and you need to be careful and listen to your gut. I learned
the hard way; when a guy was using me and I kept getting emotional and upset
about his mistreatment of me, I stuffed it down and listened to his various
lame excuses and agreed with him that the blame was on me. Never again. I come
first next time.
Also, thank you for the kind comment on my review. I hope everything falls into
place wonderfully for you. Stay strong; you have my support.
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Posted on Jan 27, 2013 10:37:42 AM PST
randomreviewer
says:
Definitely one of the best reviews I've ever read. Pinpoints exactly what, in
my opinion, is wrong with this book. Definitely puts too much blame on the
betrayed spouse - at some point, she uses the term "superdramatics" to describe
the unbearable pain the betrayed spouse experiences post-discovery. Also second
your rec'd on the Lundy Bancroft books. And would recommend "How to Help Your
Spouse Heal From Your Affair" by Linda J. MacDonald - much more empathetic to
the betrayed spouse.
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In reply to
an earlier post
on Feb 12, 2013 8:18:52 PM PST
FlonneCVX
says:
What a wonderful comment. Thank you so much, I feel honored. :)
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Posted on Apr 30, 2014 6:00:39 PM PDT
Last edited by the author on Apr 30, 2014 6:12:39 PM PDT
ProductReviews
says:
Thank you your you review. Helps me a lot. It's unreal to me how anyone can
write how it's the faithful partner's fault that the other one cheated on them.
No one person or couple is perfect, but even saying and acknowledging that much
is far too much already of an excuse for such a thing for one to do to someone
else they say they love and care for, not if you care more about yourself to
stray from your partner bit by bit or all at once. The cheating partner has a
choice to leave the relationship first before that happens and they should, but
they are far too cowardly and selfish (it's when they have kids it's harder,
but none the less). And this part you wrote below about the book saying this...
Wow! Not a chance. What a horrible way to tell someone to be and how to act.
None of what the other did was funny at all, it's downright deplorable! Wow....
"Another couple's story angered me. After a long period of healing time, the
betrayed wife surprised her unfaithful husband one night by wearing a wig to
bed resembling the (very different) hair of his affair partner, leading to
giggling and lovemaking. She will never live up to his fantasy woman affair
partner, so she tries to be "the cool wife" by joking about the affair and
posing as the other woman for his fantasies. Stories like these are patronizing
and demeaning, reeking of the double-standard that benefits the cheating
partner."
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Posted on Jul 3, 2014 7:40:02 AM PDT
Kelasings
says:
You hit the nail on the head. Entitlement, selfishness and a lack of empathy
are what drives cheating. I have always felt that there are only two kinds of
people - those who would cheat and those who wouldn't. Period. There really is
no middle ground. It is either something you would do or something you wouldn't
do. Blaming others for your actions is really a cop-out.
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Posted on Jul 11, 2014 12:44:08 PM PDT
Peter Pan
says:
Most thoughtful, specific, intelligent, and useful perspective.
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In reply to
an earlier post
on Nov 7, 2014 2:25:10 PM PST
Rachel N.
says:
A. James and FlonneCVX,
I think that is terrible what you've been through. I haven't been cheated on,
but I've been abused a lot in my past relationships. Sometimes I really want to
give up too. Sometimes I feel like it must be a defect in me since it keeps
happening and happening.
I know I'm 2 years late to the conversation, but I just wanted to jump in
because I wanted you to know that there is hope - there are healthy partners
out there.
I found a man 3 years ago, and he is finally not like the others. He finally
doesn't abuse me, and he's the most loyal guy there is. Actually, he sounds a
lot like you do, A. James, because HE has been cheated on again and again by
women. He started to feel like you did, but genders reversed, that there were
no good women out there. But you and I and FlonneCVX know that's not true,
because we're not like that.
So, I don't know what's happening. I don't know if emotionally healthy people
are really that hard to find, or if we end up being drawn to certain types, or
having them drawn to us. For me and my husband, I think that it's a bit of
both... we're both super sweet people with huge hearts, so we see these people
that seem like they need our big hearts and our love, and then they see us as
something they can manipulate and use to their own selfish end.
That aside, I found a man that breaks the pattern! I found a man that isn't
going to cheat, and puts me as #1, always. He never abuses me, he never
manipulates me.
But, due to our pasts, we both have baggage. We both have suffered traumas and
have tender spots and irrational reactions (like, based on his past, he's
always afraid I'm going to cheat on him, because that's what everyone else
always did to him). So, we went to therapy.
In therapy, I was introduced to Adult Attachment Theory. The therapist had us
read this book called "Hold Me Tight," which deals with why we NEED to have a
secure bond with one special person and why we NEED to come first to them and
why we NEED to be understood and respected.
If you have still given up on relationships, but feel like there's something
missing, I wonder if it might help you to check out that book, or to read other
books on adult attachment. Because there is a primal need for us to get the
things you haven't gotten, and it's not a weakness to want (or need) these
things.
I have hope for you, if you haven't already found someone that's emotionally
healthy. I have hope you can find the right person out there. Like I did with
my husband (my second husband btw, the first one was very emotionally abusive
and manipulative).
Sadly, I think so many people have been damaged in their pasts and deny it and
that makes them unhealthy partners who do things like be abusive or cheat, plus
our culture backs up their actions and their entitlement, and backs up that we
should all hide from our own emotions so that we don't understand ourselves.
But, I think there are still people out there who can see their own flaws and
injuries and not turn them against others. People who want to be good people
and want to put a partner as #1 in the world. I just think they're not as
common as the ones walking around in denial.... BUT I think they're out there,
looking for someone who's also emotionally healthy to love them back.
|
Notable quotes:
"... N would [even] lie when the truth would save his neck ..."
"... "I lie. Compulsively and needlessly. All the time. About everything. And I often contradict myself. Why do I need to do this? To make myself interesting or attractive. In other words, to secure narcissistic supply (attention, admiration, adulation, gossip )." ..."
"... Because they're not genuinely interested in others, they're poor listeners ..."
"... They can be extremely mean-spirited (as in taking an almost perverse delight in raining on another's parade). ..."
"... They're untrustworthy: As one discussant bluntly puts it: "Don't tell them anything you aren't prepared to get shoved up your butt later ..."
"... Despite their self- confident , better-than-thou exterior, they often betray feelings of weakness, insecurity, inferiority, jealousy , and cowardice. One commenter even sums them up as "emotional cripples." ..."
"... What I, and others on this board, have learned from dealing with N bullies in our personal lives applies to terrorists. There can be no appeasement, no attempting to reason with them, no attempt to "fix" them, to unseat their deep-seated hatred, shame and envy. Sounds terribly harsh to the uninitiated, but not recognizing that can only lead to our own destruction. ..."
"... Looking back on ALL the Ns I've ever known and merged with, I see there WERE signs within minutes of meeting the N that they were grossly selfish, immoral, sex -addicted or [that] something was definitely 'off' [about them]. I didn't honour my intuition, gut feelings and instinct. The truth is that I had almost no experience setting healthy boundaries. ..."
Of all the oppressive, crazy-making features of the narcissist, the one perhaps most frequently cited
is their exasperating dishonesty. And such untruthfulness has at times led their no-longer-so-gullible
victims to describe them as con artists. Here's a highly selective sampling of such complaints:
- "The lies, the
flirting, the lies,
the comparing, the lies, the ambivalence, the lies, the belittling, the lies, the teasing, the
lies, the built up promises, the lies, the setting up for disappointment. Did I mention the lies?"
[!]
- "I had never known a real con man in my life. I thought only the stupid or elderly got
suckered."
- "They memorize
body language
and can spot a person who might feel a little vulnerable a mile away."
- "My ex-husband used to tell HUGE lies about me. Lies that always made ME look bad and HIM
look like a martyr (when the opposite was true). I didn't realize this until AFTER we separated
and, Boy, was it devastating! I thought that I knew ALL the horrors, to find out there were even
more. . . . I didn't think I could take the pain!"
- [And, particularly, note this striking observation on the narcissist's incorrigible habit
of prevarication-which is in line with the substantial literature linking the so-called "pathological
liar" with the narcissist]: "N would [even] lie when the truth would save his
neck."
The controversial Dr. Sam Vaknin, creator of this forum on narcissism and himself a self-confessed
NPD, has written profusely-at times, brilliantly-on the subject. In his article "Pseudologica Fantastica,"
he freely admits:
- "I lie. Compulsively and needlessly. All the time. About everything. And I often
contradict myself. Why do I need to do this? To make myself interesting or attractive. In other
words, to secure narcissistic supply (attention, admiration, adulation,
gossip)."
... ... ...
Below, I'll summarize some other distressing characteristics of the narcissist regularly alluded
to by their victims:
- Because they're not genuinely interested in others, they're poor listeners. Though
it can seem that they're listening attentively, they're unable to accurately repeat back
what was said to them.
- Calculating how every situation might benefit (or disadvantage) them, there's almost always
an ulterior motive behind what they say or do.
- They can be extremely mean-spirited (as in taking an almost perverse delight in raining
on another's parade).
- They're untrustworthy: As one discussant bluntly puts it: "Don't tell them anything
you aren't prepared to get shoved up your butt later . . . or down your throat, or in your
heart in the form of a dagger. And of course there are those things you tell them that you have
to be prepared to have TWISTED into things they can shove
".
- Despite their self-confident,
better-than-thou exterior, they often betray feelings of weakness, insecurity, inferiority,
jealousy, and cowardice.
One commenter even sums them up as "emotional cripples."
- If they're far out on the narcissistic continuum, they can't be changed-and certainly not
by their partners. Here's the most pointed (and painful) description of the futility of even
trying to alter their behavior: "What I, and others on this board, have learned from
dealing with N bullies in our personal lives applies to terrorists. There can be no appeasement,
no attempting to reason with them, no attempt to "fix" them, to unseat their deep-seated hatred,
shame and envy.
Sounds terribly harsh to the uninitiated, but not recognizing that can only lead to our own destruction."
The one consolation for victims of the narcissist's "dagger" (or "vampirish teeth") is the hard-won
insights they eventually gain, which makes it possible for at least some of them to repudiate a relationship
that's been so toxic to them. Again, in their own (sadder-but-wiser) words:
- "Looking back on ALL the Ns I've ever known and merged with, I see there WERE signs within
minutes of meeting the N that they were grossly selfish, immoral,
sex-addicted or [that]
something was definitely 'off' [about them]. I didn't honour my intuition,
gut feelings and
instinct. The truth is that I had almost no experience setting healthy boundaries."
- "Staying with an N, or making contact with an ex-N, is like putting your hands directly on
a hot stovetop to warm them. It will "work" for five seconds before it scalds you."
Notable quotes:
"... The entitlement surge of subtle narcissism is a bit like the normally happy drunk suddenly becoming surly and going on a bender, cleaning out the liquor cabinets and storming off to buy more booze. ..."
"... Your partner begins complaining about the messy house after your pregnancy, feeling he works hard enough that he deserves to come home to a clean house.... ..."
...narcissism is marked by an entitlement surge-those moments when a normally understanding
friend or partner or coworker angrily behaves as if the world owes them. It's usually triggered
by a sudden fear that their special status has been threatened in some way. Until this point,
their need for the world to revolve around them is mostly under wraps, because it hasn't been
called into question. Kevin didn't ask for Sherry's support or even try to understand how hard
her year after her mother's death had been. In his mind, he deserved her full understanding
because he felt so close to his dream of a becoming a law partner.
The entitlement surge of subtle narcissism is a bit like the normally happy drunk suddenly
becoming surly and going on a bender, cleaning out the liquor cabinets and storming off to buy
more booze. Your usually affable boss suddenly tears into you, worried that the latest
project (his idea) is failing. Unbeknownst to you, he's secretly had plans to become the CEO ever
since he arrived. Your partner begins complaining about the messy house after your pregnancy,
feeling he works hard enough that he deserves to come home to a clean house....
... ... ...
To read more about subtle (and dangerous) narcissism, including specific, research-backed
strategies to protect yourself from it, order Rethinking
Narcissism (link is
external) today.
Notable quotes:
"... The other narcissist is my mother. For years I lived in terror of her rages, and how the family pretty much revolves around her. I didn't understand how a parent could be so cruel, and assume everyone else was a bad person. ..."
"... As far as healthy narcissism goes, it's something I'm working on. My mother has stripped all of our self-esteem, as she relishes putting loved one's fault under the microscope as often and loudly as possible. I grew up with massive amounts of fear and anxiety assuming everyone was very concerned about every minor mistake I made. I wish I had worked on this earlier. Mom taught me how to make a mountain out of a tiny molehill. ..."
"... It's true, many children who've lived with extremely narcissistic parents--and I count myself among them--grow up to struggle with a more generous self-image. ..."
Narcissism has never been an official mental health disorder. Narcissist isn't a recognized
diagnostic descriptor either; it's shorthand for someone who scores higher than the average on
narcissism measures and may or may not be disordered
...It's a mistake to talk about "symptoms of narcissism." What people usually mean is symptoms
of pathological narcissism or NPD.
Anonymous on February 17, 2016 - 9:04am
I have two narcissists in my family. One borders on sociopathy so I avoid her, she scares
me. The other narcissist is my mother. For years I lived in terror of her rages, and how
the family pretty much revolves around her. I didn't understand how a parent could be so
cruel, and assume everyone else was a bad person.
But now that can attach a label to the problem and get a better understanding of what is
happening and why, I can create much better boundaries and sit back and watch the crazy
unfold. My mother is pretty frustrated that her usual tricks aren't having the impact on me
that they once did.
As far as healthy narcissism goes, it's something I'm working on. My mother has stripped
all of our self-esteem, as she relishes putting loved one's fault under the microscope as
often and loudly as possible. I grew up with massive amounts of fear and anxiety assuming
everyone was very concerned about every minor mistake I made. I wish I had worked on this
earlier. Mom taught me how to make a mountain out of a tiny molehill.
Craig Malkin PhD on February 19, 2016
It sounds like you've been through hell
And come back. It's true, many children who've lived with extremely narcissistic
parents--and I count myself among them--grow up to struggle with a more generous self-image.
It's like we swallow that parent whole, their voice plaguing us at every turn. It's hard work
silencing that inner critic. But that's the task -- well worth undertaking-- of overcoming
echoism and finding our voices. I wish you well in continuing to find yours.
Notable quotes:
"... In fact, one of their central defenses (or stratagems) is to endlessly project onto others the very flaws (and fears!) they're unable, or unwilling, to allow into awareness. ..."
"... "Narcissists are great con-artists. After all, they succeed in deluding themselves! As a result, very few professionals see through them." ~ ..."
"... most therapists learn quickly enough the signs and signals that give away a narcissistic patient (e.g., regularly blaming others for their problems, taking very little responsibility for why their lives aren't working, telling them how to do therapy , ..."
Curiously, deep, deep down-and undoubtedly unconscious to them-they know they're not really what
they project. In fact, one of their central defenses (or stratagems) is to endlessly project
onto others the very flaws (and fears!) they're unable, or unwilling, to allow into awareness.
As critical as they are about others' shortcomings, they're amazingly blind to their own. (And in
this respect, the reader might take a look at my earlier piece, "The
Narcissist's Dilemma: They Can Dish It Out, But . . . ").
... ... ...
"To love oneself is the beginning of a life-long romance." ~ Oscar Wilde
Although as stated, this quote is undoubtedly ambiguous, the term "romance" leads me to believe
that Wilde's notion of self-love leans toward the pathological-and maybe the auto-erotic as well.
But healthy self-love really has very little to do with the romantic: it's grounded in positive self-regard
and an acceptance of one's flaws and frailties. On the contrary, being "in love with" oneself (as
implied by Wilde's quote) suggests a self-absorption that can only be detrimental to narcissists
in their relationships with others. In fact, one of the most common descriptions of unhealthy narcissism
emphasizes their inability to care about other people-apart, that is, from how these others might
satisfy the demands of their (insatiable) egos.
"Half the harm that is done in this world is due to people who want to feel important. They
don't mean to do harm, but the harm [that they cause] does not interest them. Or they do not see
it, or they justify it because they are absorbed in the endless struggle to think well of themselves."
~ T. S. Eliot
This quote makes a vital distinction between narcissists' being malevolent (cf. the sociopath)
and their simply lacking concern about how their behaviors might adversely affect others. It's yet
another way of drawing attention to their supreme self-absorption, which makes it impossible for
them to empathically identify with another's feelings, Most of the time they don't consciously intend
to take advantage of others. Such exploitation is merely a side effect of their overriding need to
feel more important and better than others-and so feel "good enough." Nonetheless, their insensitivity
to the wants and needs of those around them can at times be nothing less than astonishing.
... ... ...
"Narcissists are great con-artists. After all, they succeed in deluding themselves! As a
result, very few professionals see through them." ~ anonymous.
This statement seems somewhat exaggerated to me. For most therapists learn quickly enough the
signs and signals that give away a narcissistic patient (e.g., regularly blaming others for their
problems, taking very little responsibility for why their lives aren't working, telling them
how to do therapy,
etc.).
Still, the quote is instructive in pointing out not only the enormous self-deception in the way
narcissists see themselves, but also their singular expertise in deceiving others. Speaking with
bogus authority, they typically have an excellent track record in getting others to see things as
they do, even though the result to those so taken in can be disastrous (e.g., being persuaded to
make a truly ill-considered investment).
All of which is to say that-on many different levels-getting involved with a narcissist can be
as dangerous as a snake bite. And the unexpected sting of it all can, alas, last a good deal longer.
Note 1: In examining literally hundreds of quotes for this post, I came across
many that centered not anywhere so much on the narcissist as on their hapless victims. Consequently,
my next post will explore the damage that narcissists-especially those far out on the narcissistic
continuum -do to those who unwittingly put their trust in them. It's called
"The Vampire's Bite: Victims of Narcissists Speak Out."
Note 2: If you'd like to explore other posts I've written on narcissism, here
are the links:
Note 3: If you'd like to check out other posts I've done for Psychology Today
blogs generally-on a broad variety of topics-click
here.
In literature, the character Scarlett O'Hara from Margaret Mitchell's Gone with the Wind
would be considered a drama queen by today's standards. This type of person is notoriously
self-centered and self-absorbed, often viewing friends and relatives as lesser beings assigned to
take care of her personal needs. Her worst enemy is solitude, so she tends to be very outgoing
and sociable, although many of her friendships tend to remain at surface level. Others who have
experienced the drama queen's sudden outbursts in the past may have a feeling of walking on egg
shells around her, not wanting to be the person who delivers upsetting news or offends her in any
way.
SAM PAGED ME at 9 p.m., crying. It had started with his hair, which he was convinced was
falling out. And although his work as a teacher's aide had "filled him with love and joy," he was
sure his boss had given him a nasty look at the lunch break, and he felt utterly sick inside.
Later Sam had phoned his partner, who had seemed distant. Afraid he was about to be dumped, Sam
locked himself in the staff bathroom and cried for almost an hour, failing to finish his work and
preventing others from using the facilities.
Sam is a drama queen-a person who reacts to everyday events with excessive emoton and behaves in
theatrical, attention-grabbing ways. This type is the friend who derails a casual lunch to tell
you a two-hour story about the devastating fight she had with her partner or the co-worker who
constantly obsesses about how he is about to lose his job and needs your support to make it
through the day. The drama queen worships you one minute and despises you the next, based on
overreactions to minor events.
Living or working with drama queens can be draining and disturbing. Such a colleague can curtail
your own productivity at the office or even shut down teams as everyone tries to contain the
chaos. If you live with a drama queen, you may be bombarded daily with accusations and showy
attempts to apologize, leaving you feeling angry, guilty and exhausted. Some drama queens are
violent toward others, cut themselves or threaten suicide. The extreme behavior can lead to
depression or anxiety in family members and colleagues.
Scientists have begun to understand some of the causes of these destructive traits, which are
difficult to change without professional help. At the extreme end of the spectrum, if this
behavior pervades most areas of a person's life, he or she may be diagnosed with a personality
disorder. Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD), for example, are extremely
volatile and impulsive and have wildly tumultuous relationships; those with histrionic
personality disorder are highly emotional and attention seeking, with an excessive need for
approval. Nevertheless, if you are in a relationship with, or otherwise connected to, a drama
queen, a few simple tactics can help you avoid being sucked into his or her spinning world of
emotion.
Dream_writer in reply to nfiertel May 27, 2010
How are chemical imbalances diagnosed--through the symptoms they produce. Just because
looking at the symptoms and diagnosing based on the behavioral/mental patterns observed cannot
be "quantified" or measured with a ruler doesn't mean that they are not a legitimate tool for
understanding mental differences or mental illness. I cannot speak specifically to borderline
disorder, but certainly depression is real, anxiety disorders are real, phobias are real.
Medication is not the only way to treat these disorders--the right kind of talk therapy and
learning the skills to reframe harmful thoughts can treat these. Medication may be necessary
for the most severe cases, but it is not always necessary, and some would certainly prefer to
avoid putting any more synthetic chemicals into their bodies than absolutely necessary.\
I have suffered from mild depression and mild social anxiety. Cognitive behavioral therapy
(a specific type of talk therapy) has helped me a great deal. While it was not enough on its
own and I was put on medication in addition, I definitely feel that the inclusion of cognitive
behavioral therapy has greatly reduced the dose of medication necessary. I would much rather
learn to reframe my thoughts so that my brain naturally produces more serotonin than just take
it in artificially for the rest of my life along with whatever filler the drug company sees
fit to use in it.
And as to your accusation that therapists treat people for 30 plus years, most cognitive
behavioral therapists expect treatment to last less than five years. Treatment for longer than
that is unlikely to be effective, I agree, but that duration of treatment is the exception
rather than the norm, unless you're thinking solely of in-depth psychoanalysis, which at least
the PhD psychologist to whom I spoke regarding my own issues thinks is a waste of time for
serious treatment and better suited for the wealthy to use for in-depth self-discovery--and
that is certainly entirely elective.
belle December 31, 2009
i really need advice, wonder if anyone can offer some, I have someone in my close circle,
who, has become increasingly difficult, demanding and almost threatening and quite frankly i
do not know what to do.
this person has two sides, one kind, thoughful caring and within in a instant of
disagreeing with this person, they become paranoid, aggressive, defensive, negative, throwing
strops, ignoring me, being nice to my friends and family so i look the baddy, not only am i
dealing with this behaviour, but the significant other also gets involved, also aggresssive,
and willing to please this person, at any cost, i am so hurt by latest carry on, im worried
for my sanity, days and special moments have been ruined due to this persons behaviour because
they didnt have my full attention or agreement.
i used to love this person as a dear friend, but there life circumstances have changed,
where i have happily remained the same, i cant continue to walk on eggshells, im tired, but
fear the consecquences, i honestly do! how sad for a grown,young person to fear the backlash
of simply saying 'no, its not possible' or 'i cant' no matter what i do, if this person is not
included or asked to be included then i literally suffer verbal abuse,and when i do ask, im
told no, i wouldnt be interested , if it includes interacting with other people apart from me,
the people i have chosen to spend my time with are belittled, and i end up agreeing for peace,
i do feel this person has some issues, i seem to be the soft one who hasn't walked away out
of loyalty, but i can no longer take it, im tired and have seen these people threaten and
bully other people, everything is a huge negative drama, even though to the rest of the world
its no big deal! if someone can offer any advice, id be very grateful, thankyou for your time,
and for those who suggest i grow a backbone, its quite difficult when your feelings, beliefs
and choices have been stamped into the ground, because this person wasnt included in
them,drama ? ive so had enough!
thmilin November 19, 2009
I agree with ElizabethM. The article shines light on something valid and important that
should be addressed in our society - an area in mental health that needs funding and
scientific research, and which I actually think is escalating the more we zoom into lives of
dependence on modern technology and blurring of social norms and appropriate behaviors in the
face of media sensationalism and common violence.
This type of behavior is escalating (though I'm not a scientist, I will say I encounter it
more than I ever used to) and deserves true scientific, nonbiased research. However, this
article doesn't reflect any of that and is written, like some have mocked, like something in
Details or GQ or InStyle magazine.
I 'm glad they highlighted it, I wished the presentation and shared facts were more
comprehensive and less biased, and that there were more references to meaningful, supportive
data and research/papers/publications.
Personally, my mother was one of these people. She'd never been diagnosed, but I know she
is certifiably crazy. I don't know what type of crazy she is, but I know her type of crazy has
damaged me and my siblings. And in the case of my siblings, she damaged them irreparably, to
the point of driving both of them to different forms of self-destruction and addiction.
From my own case I'd presume the genetic aspect, and I'd also presume the traumatic
childhood incident. But we need more data, less accusations of "quakery," and more respect for
the complexity of a human being that doesn't sum us all up to "chemical imbalance." I don't
believe a chemical imbalance can be purely resolved with drugs, nor entirely avoid other side
effects, and that treatment can include multiple modalities and therapies that don't have to
be surgical or pharmaceutical.
ElizabethM in reply to Bops November 7, 2009
I beg your pardon, Bops? "Should this person be free to kill other people because you have
compassion for them?"
Bops in reply to ElizabethM November 6, 2009
ElizabethM,
Weird people seem to enjoy doing weird things.
He says, "I like to be a little bit bad"
His flip side just happens to be "criminal behavior".
Should this person be free to kill other people because you have compassion for them?
Bops November 6, 2009
Thank you, Good Article. My friend has the "Drama Queen Problem" too. I try not to answer
the phone, if I know it's her. Listening causes more harm than good.
oaustinsmall in reply to smober November 5, 2009
Sam was actually a male patient. The story was abbreviated for space, but he presented at
the clinic following an incident where he threatened suicide and then hid on a dark beach for
over an hour as his friends and police searched for him, all as a "test" to see if they really
wanted him. Sam is very useful as a case because he exemplifies the dynamics of panic, object
loss, and anihilation fears that exist behind the drama behavior. However, Sam was quite
extreme, and these dynamics frequently show up in much more subtle ways. I agree most
vignettes use women to demonstrate borderline and histrionic personality disorders, but they
very much exist in men as well.
Ophelia, author
gnathan November 4, 2009
Those who scoff at BPD have obviously never been involved with anyone who is afflicted with
it. However, those who have been assaulted or even threatened with death by such volatile
people will know better. Yet to the rest of the world they often appear sweet as pie. Hence,
one's complaints often go unheeded.If you are involved with such a person, get away from them
as soon as possible. But, above all, stay away!! Ignore the temptation to "help." They can't
be helped by you. They are dangerous to your mental health, if not to your physical
well-being.
doowrah November 4, 2009
I call this the "fruitloop syndrome". I was involved with someone of the better part a two
years. The theatrics were just too much for my sanity. Eventually I started listening to
friends and went to see a councilor that was able to bring me to the realization to get away
from it. [It] the BPD or classify it as you will, was something I didn't understand at all at
the time until I educated myself because of the effect it was having on me. There was a strong
compassion to this person but eventually I had to realize the importance of my own health.
mapper November 3, 2009
As someone who was married to a person with "Borderline Personality Disorder", I can see
how they can be compared to the likes of a "Drama Queen". I never knew going into my
relationship the toll it would take on me and my two daughters. We lasted less than a year and
a half before splitting up this July. It was the hardest thing to do - walking away from her,
but ultimately the right decision. Save yourself a lot of pain - study up on BPD! Read "Stop
Walking on Eggshells", it might help save your sanity!
Gramina November 3, 2009
I have a close friend with severe PTSD, and I found this article both informative and
helpful; there *is* science that can help us understand what's going on in these cases, and
it's useful to know it. Thank you.
First of all, drama queen implies it's a girlie thing. It's not. Males
and females alike are equally capable of requiring way more energy
than a relationship with them is worth. Drama, being a close kin to
high maintenance, may manifest itself in behaviors that look different
across the continuum of masculinity to femininity, but make no
mistake, drama kings are every bit as real as drama queens. So for the
purposes of this piece, we'll be talking, "drama persons." From there
the issue is, what do you do when one crosses your path? The easy
answer is, nothing. But it is a conscious, deliberate and
strategic nothing that nets the most impact.Drama is a
symptom-a symptom of
childhood. If you participate-on any level-you feed a
monster who is trapped in a time warp, but escapes every so often.
That monster is determined to suck you into his or her own personal,
self-esteem issues (a.k.a. drama) that were never resolved. It is
an ego-gone-wild, trying to right some wrong that you need to see
contextually with its origins rooted in the past.
Drama persons thrive on attention, but that's because they
learned to feel invisible and unimportant. This is where the drama
comes from. They are merely trying to convince themselves, by trying
to convince you, that they matter. They are blind to the feelings
of others and have failed to develop the coping skills necessary for
an adult life. Call it arrested development, call it a failure to grow
up and evolve, but underneath it all they have yet to outgrow (or
dispel) whatever negative feelings they learned to believe about
themselves. The sad part is that if their behavior weren't such a
turnoff, there would be plenty of reason to have compassion for them,
which ironically is what they really need to heal their wounds and
move one.
Whether it is from believing they were not loved, not good enough,
not wanted or accepted, an internal narrative developed, almost always
unconscious, that plays out when
memories of those feelings are triggered and/or come to the
surface. In that process they exhaust everyone in the present by
replaying whatever story they are telling themselves from their pasts.
And so they act out.
Despite their efforts to involve you, there is nothing you can do
to change them because changing them means trying to change personal
histories, which is not possible. It's done. It's over. So, don't try.
You'll exhaust yourself. Each drama person must decide for him or
herself to embark on a road of self-awareness and growth. If he or she
doesn't, the will to remain stuck is impenetrable. The only thing you
can do is manage yourself, which is where doing nothing comes into
play. Know how to draw a line. Know when to walk away. And don't be
afraid to say that the drama scene doesn't work for you. That choice
is yours to make. And when you do, they will disengage from
the behavior-at least with you. They have to. You've left them with no
alternative.
Donna Flagg on April 15, 2014
Good point
I could see how that could be true too. I read this today, which I think applies.
9 Enlightening Quotes on Narcissists-and Why Psychology Today
So it's that tricky relationship between self and others that can be confounding. Are you a drama
queen, who needs attention? Or are you dramatic?
A caveat: Deep down, I do think it's about what you think and believe about yourself, albeit
underneath your concern about others. When you believe you are actually good enough, and even
better than good, it renders what others think secondary.
Are you high maintenance? Some people seem to always be on the edge of becoming upset. They require
a lot of attention, approval, and maybe reassurance. Often such individuals take offense easily at
being overlooked or somehow not recognized. These individuals enjoy being in control of a relationship.
They can be easily overwhelmed with stress and responsibility and often feel as though they are the
most put upon in a relationship. They may see themselves the victim of their mate's insensitivity
and distraction.
Maybe you are married to someone who is high maintenance. You constantly find yourself the object
of criticism and it seems as though you can never do anything to the other's satisfaction. Spouses
of high maintenance individuals often find themselves in no-win dilemmas. No matter what they do
they will incur the disapproval, if not wrath, of their spouse. The high maintenance spouse often
claims their expectations are normal and any reasonable caring loving spouse should anticipate what
to them are the most basic of considerations. Spouses of high maintenance partners can feel as though
they are walking on egg shells waiting for the next failure to occur and they once again are the
source of hurt, injury and pain to their spouse.
Sound familiar at all? Many relationships can be described as one member being more "high maintenance"
than the other. In some relationships this is a long standing pattern and contributes to erosion
of affection and commitment over time. In other relationships the "high maintenance" tag gets shared
depending on changing circumstances and felt needs. One week it is the wife who is high maintenance,
the next week it is the husband. It is conceivable that a relationship might occur in which both
spouses are high maintenance and the relationship dynamics revolve around competition over whose
'felt need' is greatest at any given time.
If you honestly recognize you can be "high maintenance" take heart, be encouraged there is good
news. One, the simple fact you recognize you can be demanding and easily offended puts you in a position
to change. Many high maintenance individuals are oblivious to the pain and suffering they inflict
upon those around them. Self-objectivity, the ability to look at oneself honestly and objectively
is a characteristic of maturity and essential to personal change. If you are unsure about whether
you can be high maintenance, your spouse and loved ones can probably tell you. But, don't ask until
you are really ready to hear their input. A part of being high maintenance is being defensive when
others are critical. If you ask for this feedback, challenge yourself to hear the person out without
rebuttal. Maybe take notes and set them aside for a few days, then go back and review the notes before
responding to the feedback.
Secondly, be encouraged because your sensitivity which leads you to be high maintenance is also
a gift. High maintenance persons are often capable of deep emotional connection and appreciation.
What may be judged as high maintenance may actually be an undeveloped sense of emotional sensitivity
that can be harnessed and directed for deep emotional connection with others. High maintenance individuals
are often capable of deep empathy and compassion. Their sensitivity affords them the recognition
of how circumstances, events, and behavior can impact people emotionally. This is valuable insight
and can be cultivated for great connection and support with others.
The problem with being high maintenance lies with the expectations which we can attach to our
felt wants and desires in relationship. If you are high maintenance, learning how to recognize how
expectations develop in you and how to hold your wants and desires more lightly may help soften the
disappointment when a spouse does not recognize how important something is to you. Most importantly,
beware of looking to a spouse for the significance and security you should be finding in your relationship
with God. High maintenance conflict may be due to demanding some attention, approval, and affirmation
from a spouse which first should be found in our relationship with God and ourselves. If we are secure
in how God sees us, how He loves and cares for us, then the care, attention and affirmation of a
spouse is a gift. We may be disappointed if our spouse neglects us in some way but this is way less
distressing than if we tell ourselves we must have our spouse notice and provide our need.
Feeling entitled to something from our spouse is a sure sign we are becoming "high maintenance."
Being open about desires and wants can go a long way toward helping our spouse understand what
impacts us and contributes to our feeling loved and supported. Recognizing and being grateful when
a spouse is attentive and affirming is especially rewarding and encourages a spouse to be attentive
and affirming in the future. Spouses may not understand the power of reassurance, attention, and
support. Often times they are making efforts to be accommodating but do not recognize the effort
is not in a manner desired or hoped for. Communication about feelings, hopes, and wants beforehand
can go a long way to avoiding conflict when you're prone to be "high maintenance."
If you are married to a high maintenance person you too can be encouraged as well. The cycle of
disappointment and conflict can be sometimes diminished through some basic relationship skills. Giving
your spouse a full hearing when they are distressed will often go a long way to dissipating the emotional
intensity they may be feeling. Remember, listening and validating their feelings do not require anything
to be fixed or changed. It's just an opportunity to offer understanding and care in the way of attention
and presence. The high maintenance spouse can often use judgmental and accusatory language. If one
can listen past the personal criticism to the hurt, disappointment, anxiety and/or fear behind the
attack it may be possible to have compassion for their emotional distress. This is challenging, but
spouses who learn not to take personally the distress in their mate even when it is delivered as
a personal attack learn how to diffuse a great deal of conflict.
Letting the high maintenance spouse know when the attack is crossing over to becoming abusive
and exiting a conversation will also be helpful. A person may lose awareness in the midst of their
negative emotional spin and a caring, calm confrontation and firm "time out" temporary withdrawal
will sometimes help that person become more aware of how their words and tone are not helpful. Above
all, avoid responding in kind to a high maintenance person who is discharging their disappointment
and hurt with a lot of intensity. By remaining calm and not escalating with the other person, a spouse
can often ride out the initial emotional venting, to arrive at a place where genuine emotional connection
can occur.
The emotional distress surrounding disappointment and unmet expectations can be at the center
of so much conflict in relationship. Sorting out one's own emotional expectations and how they are
operating in a moment is key to managing the pull toward becoming "high maintenance." Being able
to absorb some emotional intensity and remain patient and loving with a spouse who is distressed
is a valuable discipline to working through disappointment in relationship. Hopefully these comments
and observations will give you and your spouse some food for thought and maybe some occasion for
conversation. Be careful not to judge each other too harshly about being "high maintenance." Remember,
there is an upside to most personal qualities that initially may seem problematic or annoying, "high
maintenance" is no exception.
Please post a comment to enter a conversation about this column. I so much enjoy the responses
folks are sending to this column. I will contribute to the conversation as well. Let me know if you
have a concern or question which could be addressed in a future column. You can also email
concerns and questions to me at [email protected].
God Bless You, and know we at National Institute of Marriage are praying for you.
Dr. Robert K. Burbee
Licensed Psychologist, Intensive Therapist
National Institute of Marriage
Lynn1985
yes, the girl I was "friends" with was obsessed with sex she slept with someone different every
few days and it didn't seem to matter how old they were and by that i'm including under age boys.She
made out aswell that she wasn't like that like sociopaths do, when i first met her with the mask
on she acted all innocent and shy, she told me she had only ever slept with 4 people because she
had this condition of a tight vagina she was sore having sex lol which of course was a load of
rubbish to try and cover the truth that she was a whore
She also seemed to get a kick out of sleeping with other girls' boyfriends, i have heard recently
that she has had a baby(god help it) and its a possibility of 3 fathers and also when she was
pregnant she was still having sex with everyone. She was also into phone sex, cam sex anything
really and even though she was clearly not gay she even had sex with girls. So yes i have noticed
sociopaths have really uncontrollable sex drives the amount this girl has had is unbelievable
and it really doesn't matter who it is eg age, sex, race, nationality i dont think it even matters
to her if you're related to her as there was rumors of her and her brother which is disturbing
but not surprising with this girls erratic behaviour.
jayp67
I remember spending a very romantic evening walking around the city with my "S" last month
and at one point we sat down and looked out onto the water. She said, "Let's talk like guys. What
do you really want in bed?". I was a bit hesitant because we had not been dating long, but shared
some of my feelings/fantasies.
She told me that she had only one partner before me but, there's no way that was true. I felt
like I was in a porno movie with her. It got to the point where I could not perform because she
was so wild and overbearing. One day she told me her father was very sick and that the only way
to save his life was for her to make money as an escort/prostitute. I told her I could not stay
with her if she did and she cried relentlessly for me to not leave her.
Long story short, she entered that world (my friends say she was probably in it before she
met me) and even though I wrote a very sad and loving message to her I have never heard back from
her. Although we are not friends on facebook, I can at least see her profile page and her current
picture is very scary. She looks like a cold, hard professional escort - not the sweet, shy, and
charming girl I (thought I) knew.
Cruciabat,
My ex once said to me in the middle of a romantic stroll around Roosevelt Island - "Let's talk
about sex as if we're BOTH guys. What do you REALLY want that you would only say to your friends?".
Needless to say, I was taken aback by the sudden change of direction in conversation but did have
a talk with her about it.
Without getting too graphic or tactless, I soon felt like I was in a hardcore porno movie with
her extreme behaviour. I remember thinking that I wanted to make love with her, not just perform
in some kind of sexual olympics!
After a month, and out of the blue, one day she told me her father just suffered a massive heart
attack and needed open heart
surgery. She also
said she was the only person who could help him pay for this! She told me she knew of a "club"
in the Dominican Republic (where she was born) where she could make $1,000 a night! I was floored
by all of this but told her that I could not be with someone who worked in that kind of a place
(fearing the worst, I imagined it being more than just a strip joint), and that I wished her well.
I told her to go and save her father's life but I was unable to be the guy waiting back here in
the states for her return. Thank God I had the strength/nerve/self-preservation to say and do
this.
A few weeks later, after she disappeared and blocked my number from her phone, I, being somewhat
____ (go ahead, fill in the blank! I know, I know...), started doing a search for her on the internet.
I pulled up her middle name plus a nickname combined and there she was - on
backpage.com in the escort section
working out
of a hotel room in Stanford, Conn.
In retrospect (and with the help of my therapist) it seems that I was just a "mark", and that
the story of her father's heart attack was probably a play for money from me.
Prior to all of this, she was my dream girl. What I have always wanted and wished for. I told
friends I planned to marry her next summer on the beach if the relationship continued as well
as it had been. She was attentive, loving, nurturing, and supportive.
Now I know why.
I've been in alot of pain over the past two months but I am just starting to understand it all.
Just as a cat plays with an injured mouse before it eats it, "Christi" did the same to me.
But I'm living my life and she is
working out
of a hotel room as a prostitute.
So, although she hurt me and made me feel like a fool, my friends constantly remind me how lucky
I am to have only had this person in my life for a short time! God only knows the damage she would've
done had we stayed together longer.
Best of luck to all of you on your road to healing.
1 -They have urgent "needs." To a high maintenance personality, everything
is urgent. Every piece of email needs to be copied to someone in authority and every action
needs to be passed by the boss before they proceed...
2 They have a sense of entitlement. Everyone deserves to be treated with equal
respect. The high maintenance individual will expect more. When this happens, there's generally an
unhealthy level of ego at play...
3 They could be self-sufficient. But they're not. The task could be as simple
as looking up an email address, retrieving a file, or looking up a bit of needed information over
the web. But this person feels more engaged and important by making continual requests for service
from others, including the boss....
4 They cling to stories of personal wrongs from the past. The high maintenance
individual has a difficult time moving past real or imagined wrongs of the past. The faults of others
become a script that plays over and over as justification for extra support, lower work expectations,
or greater entitlements now....
5 They talk. A lot. The high maintenance person thrives on attention. They
have a continual need for others to serve as their sounding boards. While discussion and brainstorming
is necessary and healthy, high maintenance people feel the need to use their co-workers as ad hoc
life advisors and coaches; however they have little desire or motivation to actually hear and take
the advice they receive....
6 They are seldom satisfied. High maintenance people will see the flaws in
every situation. Even when they've been given extra care and attention, they will invariably find
something wrong with the solution or service they've received, or will feel the need to ask for an
additional "adjustment" in order to gratify their need to feel validated and served.
... ... ...
8 They live in a state of perpetual drama. If you are around a high maintenance
person for an extended period of time, you will observe frequent periods of meltdown during the course
of the day. Every small inconvenience or mistake becomes a crisis. They will learn to work the internal
HR system heavily at every turn...
9 They handle money poorly. Regardless of the economy or circumstance, high
maintenance people are perpetually in debt. No matter their income, their living expenditures and
needs are invariably more. They expend an exceptional amount of stress and energy dealing with past
due accounts and the perpetual juggling act to use this month's income to cover last month's bills...
10 They place a high importance on material status. The entitlement aspect
of high maintenance people leads them to be keenly focused on the belongings or the status of others
as well. This trait can infect the highest people in the organization, such as the CEO who demands
that every company event include the provision of free upgrades and presidential suites at no additional
cost. Ironically, the focus on material possessions and status is actually the sign of insecurity
and of a low self-esteem....
... ... ...
12 They seem "unsettled." The high maintenance person is constantly ill at
ease, buying, altering or discarding possessions and complaining about their work or living conditions.
The details that are non-issues to others are insurmountable hurdles to them. Happiness perpetually
evades them.
... ... ...
Devin Thorpe 3 years ago
Cheryl, this is such a good outline of high maintenance behavior that it could leave one with
the impression that I'm only high maintenance if I exhibit all of these traits. In fact, I think,
anyone that exhibits more than one or two is more work than worth at the office!
Anonymous 3 years ago
Chery, this is my husband, CEO who deals daily with high-profile CEOs. If he's feeling the
pain, so am I. I get tapped on occasion when he has an especially "urgent need." I'm the 24 x7
helper. Entitlement, check. Thinks he's self sufficient, but he's not, never ever satisfied
double check. Major spending on highly visible acquisitions, minor saving for old age. Every point
you make is on spot. Thank you for your management tips I can use them.
A gold digger type. Broadly defined, high maintenance women are those who need many things (money,
material goods, affection) to be happy. High maintenance women are like high maintenance sports cars
and for every hour of showing off, there are another 10 spent on upkeep and repair behind the scenes.
These women love dressing up whenever possible, and are obsessed with all aspects of their personal
appearance and grooming in general. They tend to be perfectionists, overachievers, self-centered, and
a bit vain. Not necessary borderliners,
15 signs of a high maintenance woman
What makes a woman high maintenance?
Here are 15 signs that make a girl that woman. Do you think you're one?
#1 All eyes on you. All eyes always turn towards you no matter where you are.
You literally suck the air out of any room you walk into, but no one even notices your man unless
you're clinging to his arm.
[Read:
How
to look cute and melt a guy's heart in 25 ways]
#2 Your man thinks your favorite restaurants are fine dining experiences. You
like being pampered in the finest of places, and there's really nothing wrong about it. Well, unless
your man can't afford it!
#3 You need money to be happy. This may sound harsh, but is it so bad to want
to be wealthy and have the money to indulge in the good things life has to offer? [Read:
Money can buy you happiness in love]
#4 You like splurging on bling often. You like buying new jewelry or extravagant
things several times in a month. It makes you happy.
#5 You think you're better than any other girl. And you do everything possible
to hold that stand. You have very high self esteem and confidence, and don't like being put down
by any other woman.
#6 You look like you stepped out of a salon all the time. You're beautiful and
extremely well dressed all the time. Any guy you walks past can't help but notice you in awe. [Read:
20
things that turn a guy on when he sees a girl]
#7 You pay a lot of attention to expensive details. You just can't help it. You
know that expensive things look better than average mass produced stuff. You like it when everything
around you reflects your class and makes a style statement.
#8 If you like something, you want that thing. You don't like being refused.
You believe you deserve what you want and you won't rest until you get it.
#9 Your man gets nervous when you tell him you need to shop. It's not like you
throw money away. You only use it to look good and make things around you look good. But your man
thinks you're just wasting money.
#10 You can't step out of the house without your makeup. You hate revealing any
flaws, be it on your complexion or in any other aspect of your life. You like looking like a glam
goddess no matter where you are.
#11 You think you're a perfectionist. But your man thinks you're a spoilt brat.
You hate mediocrity in anything you do. You want to be the best and you want the best of everything.
#12 You think you deserve a better man. You think you're way better than your
guy. This thought may have passed your mind quite a few times even though you push that thought away.
#13 You have more guys friends *admirers*. You think you're a fun girl. But most
girls usually hate you or think you're a snob. Guys love your company, but girls usually excuse themselves
from you in the middle of a conversation. Not that you care! [Read:
Why guys friends are nothing but trouble]
#14 You want everything to be perfect. And if it's not, you want your man to
fix it for you. You don't depend on your man for everything, but you do expect him to treat you like
his queen. [Read:
Why men like damsels in distress]
#15 You get embarrassed easily. You feel terribly embarrassed when your man doesn't
behave or look presentable. You even try to ignore his presence or avoid him. After all, his bad
manners are an insult to your gorgeous presence!
High maintenance women and the men they date
Many men fear the idea of dating a high maintenance woman. They desperately want to date her,
but shrivel up at the mere thought of it. But then again, a high maintenance woman isn't for every
man, is she?
In general, a high maintenance woman may sound scary to most men. But it's never bad for a woman
to know what she wants in life. In many ways, high maintenance is subjective. What may seem like
high maintenance to one man may seem like nothing to another man who can cater to her needs. After
all, if a man can afford your whims, he obviously won't call you a high maintenance woman even if
you're a big spender with a rich taste in everything. [Read:
How to make your boyfriend want you more than ever]
I can't stand it anymore. My wife has been unstable mentally for the entire time I've known her.
She has been seeing a psychiatrist and a therapist for about 4 years now and has been on every type
of anxiety and depression drug known to man but nothing helps. She has been miserable her whole life
and is dragging me down with her. To tell you the truth, I would have probably broke up with her
after about a year (we've been together for 8 years) if she wasn't constantly talking about killing
herself. I don't want her to do that, but I don't really love her anymore, and I don't really like
her anymore. She needs me to do everything for her. She has gotten fired from every job that she
started because of absences. She also withdrew from college because she didn't go to class. Everyday,
I get her food, I run her a bath, I get her medicine, I clean the house, I do the laundry, I run
her errands, I get her movies, I do everything that needs to be done because she is too anxious or
to lazy to do it. We are getting more and more in debt because she can't manage to do anything, and
now is trying school again but failing because of lack of attendance.
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Vol 25, No.10 (October, 2013) Cryptolocker Trojan
(Win32/Crilock.A) :
Vol 25, No.08 (August, 2013) Cloud providers
as intelligence collection hubs :
Financial Humor Bulletin, 2010 :
Inequality Bulletin, 2009 :
Financial Humor Bulletin, 2008 :
Copyleft Problems
Bulletin, 2004 :
Financial Humor Bulletin, 2011 :
Energy Bulletin, 2010 :
Malware Protection Bulletin, 2010 : Vol 26,
No.1 (January, 2013) Object-Oriented Cult :
Political Skeptic Bulletin, 2011 :
Vol 23, No.11 (November, 2011) Softpanorama classification
of sysadmin horror stories : Vol 25, No.05
(May, 2013) Corporate bullshit as a communication method :
Vol 25, No.06 (June, 2013) A Note on the Relationship of Brooks Law and Conway Law
History:
Fifty glorious years (1950-2000):
the triumph of the US computer engineering :
Donald Knuth : TAoCP
and its Influence of Computer Science : Richard Stallman
: Linus Torvalds :
Larry Wall :
John K. Ousterhout :
CTSS : Multix OS Unix
History : Unix shell history :
VI editor :
History of pipes concept :
Solaris : MS DOS
: Programming Languages History :
PL/1 : Simula 67 :
C :
History of GCC development :
Scripting Languages :
Perl history :
OS History : Mail :
DNS : SSH
: CPU Instruction Sets :
SPARC systems 1987-2006 :
Norton Commander :
Norton Utilities :
Norton Ghost :
Frontpage history :
Malware Defense History :
GNU Screen :
OSS early history
Classic books:
The Peter
Principle : Parkinson
Law : 1984 :
The Mythical Man-Month :
How to Solve It by George Polya :
The Art of Computer Programming :
The Elements of Programming Style :
The Unix Haters Handbook :
The Jargon file :
The True Believer :
Programming Pearls :
The Good Soldier Svejk :
The Power Elite
Most popular humor pages:
Manifest of the Softpanorama IT Slacker Society :
Ten Commandments
of the IT Slackers Society : Computer Humor Collection
: BSD Logo Story :
The Cuckoo's Egg :
IT Slang : C++ Humor
: ARE YOU A BBS ADDICT? :
The Perl Purity Test :
Object oriented programmers of all nations
: Financial Humor :
Financial Humor Bulletin,
2008 : Financial
Humor Bulletin, 2010 : The Most Comprehensive Collection of Editor-related
Humor : Programming Language Humor :
Goldman Sachs related humor :
Greenspan humor : C Humor :
Scripting Humor :
Real Programmers Humor :
Web Humor : GPL-related Humor
: OFM Humor :
Politically Incorrect Humor :
IDS Humor :
"Linux Sucks" Humor : Russian
Musical Humor : Best Russian Programmer
Humor : Microsoft plans to buy Catholic Church
: Richard Stallman Related Humor :
Admin Humor : Perl-related
Humor : Linus Torvalds Related
humor : PseudoScience Related Humor :
Networking Humor :
Shell Humor :
Financial Humor Bulletin,
2011 : Financial
Humor Bulletin, 2012 :
Financial Humor Bulletin,
2013 : Java Humor : Software
Engineering Humor : Sun Solaris Related Humor :
Education Humor : IBM
Humor : Assembler-related Humor :
VIM Humor : Computer
Viruses Humor : Bright tomorrow is rescheduled
to a day after tomorrow : Classic Computer
Humor
The Last but not Least Technology is dominated by
two types of people: those who understand what they do not manage and those who manage what they do not understand ~Archibald Putt.
Ph.D
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Last modified: January, 20, 2021