Are you currently researching the different types of front-end GUIs for Snort IDS or looking for an alternative GUI for Snort? In this blog, we will introduce several popular Snort front-end GUIs.
An Overview of GUIs for Snort IDS
Introduction to ACID
According to Dr. Nikolai Bezroukov, a well-known Senior Internet Security Analyst at BASF Corporation, "The Analysis Console for Intrusion Databases (ACID) is a rather slow PHP-based analysis engine to search and process the database of security events generated by Snort. It is mostly useful as a generic event viewing tool. ACID was written by Roman Danyliw in early 2000 as part of an abandoned in 2003 AIRCERT project at the CERT Coordination Center." The features of ACID includes alert management, chart and statistics generation, packet viewer and query-builder, and search interface. ACID's biggest limitation, however, is that it is not scalable beyond several thousand alerts and often produces numerous amounts of false positives. ACID is also very helpful in the analysis of traffic if only used on small- to medium-streams of alerts. As reported by Dr. Bezroukov, these important shortcomings does diminish ACID's technology value.
Introduction to BASE
BASE is the Basic Analysis and Security Engine that is supported by a group of volunteers. It is an extremely simple web-based Snort console derived from the code from the Analysis Console for Intrusion Databases (ACID) project. This application provides a web front-end to query and analyze the alerts coming from a Snort IDS. BASE searches and processes databases containing security events logged by assorted network monitoring tools such as firewalls and IDS programs. It is written in the PHP programming language and displays information from a database as user-friendly web front-end. According to Snort.org, there were plans for a redesign of BASE, including the database format from which it reads, but Kevin Johnson, the original BASE project manager, has since left the project and turned the project over to new management.
Introduction to Snorby
Snorby is an open source network security monitoring interface scripted in Ruby on Rails. It is a front-end web application for any application that logs events in the Unified2 binary output format. Snorby now supports OpenFPC and integrates with intrusion detection systems like Snort, Suricata, and Sagan. The basic fundamental concept behind Snorby is simplicity. The project goal is to create a free, open source.
Introduction to SGUIL
The Analyst Console for Network Security Monitoring – Sguil is built by network security analysts for network security analysts. Sguil's main component is an intuitive GUI that provides access to real-time events, session data, and raw packet captures. Sguil facilitates the practice of Network Security Monitoring and event driven analysis. The Sguil client is written in tcl/tk and can be run on any operating system that supports tcl/tk (including Linux, *BSD, Solaris, MacOS, and Win32).
Introduction to Aanval
OpenAanval was originally a very simple web front-end to monitor and browse Snort event data. It was the stand-alone free limited-version of the commercial Aanval console before it was finally integrated in 2005 and is the alternative to ACID as the front-end. Aanval was then publicly released in 2004 and is considered the longest running Snort interface under continuous development on the market today and the industry's leading web-based GUI for Snort, Suricata, and Syslog intrusion detection, prevention, and correlation. The Aanval console system is specifically designed to scale from small single-sensor installations to global enterprise deployments. Since Aanval's release in 2004, Aanval has evolved to address the world's growing network security intrusion detection needs and demands. Over time, there has been an increasing need to keep up with the complexity of security issues, introduction of new security technologies, evolving cyber threats, and the requirements to comply with mandatory regulatory mandates. Equally increasing is the drive for security managers to find a capable Snort front-end GUI that can deliver effective threat management, event correlation, and advanced data analysis reporting. Aanval SAS (Situational Awareness System), the latest version released by Tactical FLEX, Inc. is designed with a unique Situational Awareness engine that provides an in-depth event and architecture analysis of the host network, thus providing crucial network visibility and security intelligence. Aanval SAS is also equipped with a False Positive Protection event validation engine, real-time Live GeoLocation-based displays and powerful offensive tools utilizing Nmap that help shore up defenses and strengthen overall security posture. In addition to commercial Aanval, Aanval also continues to support the Snort community by providing users with a free community version of Aanval that allows full functionality of a single Snort and syslog sensor. Aanval SAS is available for download as a free Community edition for testing and evaluation at http://www.aanval.com/download.
About Tactical FLEX, Inc.
For nearly a decade, Tactical FLEX, Inc. has taken great pride in providing best-of-breed security solutions to every type of organization around the world. Our wide spectrum of customers demonstrates our sincere commitment to an industry that remains at the forefront of the digital evolution of the world. Information security is our business, and our customers are our greatest asset. Tactical FLEX, Inc. is a trusted security vendor protecting more than 6,000 organizations within every industry in more than 100 countries. Our product Aanval® is the industry's most comprehensive Snort and Syslog Intrusion Detection, Correlation, and Threat Management console on the market. Learn more about Aanval SAS (Situational Awareness System) by visiting http://www.aanval.com.
[Jan 25, 2014] http://www.scoop.it/t/freedom-through-free-software/p/3996135988/2013/02/08/nikolai-bezroukov-labyrinth-of-software-freedom-bsd-vs-gpl-and-social-aspects-of-free-licensing-debate
From www
.softpanorama - February 8, 2013 3:56 AM.org Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.'s insight:
[... "In our age, there is no such thing as 'keeping out of politics.' All issues are political issues, and politics itself is a mass of lies, evasions, folly, hatred and schizophrenia," Orwell wrote. Earlier in the essay he had said, "In our time, political speech and writing are largely the defense of the indefensible." ...]
Highways and Higher Education: What the Government Does Well and Why It Should Keep Doing It
2013/04/26 | ivn.us
Guest, Aug 17, 2013
Hardly anyone actually argues from Rand's viewpoint anymore (maybe a handful of people in the entire country).. Yet neoliberal corporatism is alive and well in roughly 60-70% of the nation. You tell me which is more concerning.
http://www.softpanorama.org/Skeptics/Political_skeptic/Neoliberalism/index.shtml
"He notes that unlike in classic corporatism, which relies on mass mobilization, neoliberalism relies on the opposite trend: a distracted or apathetic or depoliticized public essentially "goes along" with this, resulting in the loss of community and the dominance of consumerism. This practice proved to be as efficient as mass mobilization of classic corporatism and achieve the same purposes with less violence. It is commonly called "Inverted Totalitarism."
http://www.softpanorama.org/Skeptics/Political_skeptic/Inverted_totalitarism/index.shtml
https://www.facebook.com/pages/The-Rule-of-the-Clan/139635856117865
The Rule of the Clan shared a link.
November 9, 2013
The Rule of the Clan used to analyze neo-liberalism on the wiki-like, open source self-education site Softpanorama.http://www.softpanorama.org/Skeptics/Financial_skeptic/inequality.shtml Neoliberalism and rising inequality www.softpanorama.org
In a 2005 report to investors three analysts at Citigroup advised that "the World is dividing into two blocs-the Plutonomy and the rest … In a plutonomy there is no such animal as "the U.S. consumer" or "the UK consumer", or indeed the "Russian consumer". There are only rich who do lion share of th...
Sheila Krumholz and Danielle Brian on How Money Rules ...
Part of what has been so central to neoliberalism is the breaking down of institutional capacity by eliminating whole agencies and functions as well as mortally maiming civil service. ...http://www.democraticunderground.com/discuss/duboard.php?az=view_all&address=389x8640697
Jun-26-10 Original message Why THEY are not US.And the reason we can't get along in life with "them" is because they have no empathy,no morals.All the sociopaths /authoritarians and narcissists, around us are dangerous to our mental health and in places of power they can ruin nations and the world.. THEY are who cause the wars, beginthe corruption, cover up the truth and impede investigations into thier wrongdoing. They are the biggest problem facing non-toxic people in this world today.
Until these toxic personalities get RECOGNIZED for what they ARE by large numbers of US.These monsters won't be put out of power,lose their enablers/targets,be forced to have their assets seized and either be isolated from US for the rest of thier lives or meet a injected death or guillotine.
No one with that incurable toxic ,abusive,selfish ,evil personality type deserves to exploit the world's resouurces,'rule'over others or run anything or mess with anyone's life ever.But it has happened they took advantage of us by abusing our TRUST.It is true that I wish the toxic personalities among us were exposed,deserted,powerless,gone,or dead. I want them made unable to harm.Forever.The only place I know that guaruntees they cannot harm again is a grave.
The enemy is not in US...It is in the sociopath/narcissist/authoritarian personality types.These abusers will use our ethics against us,mimic us,charm us,play our emotions,use rhetoric or lies to gain our pity or trust just to get away with whatever they want to do or get. When these perpetrators of atrocity get caught they warp the truth,suck up,sue, blame the victim,shoot the messenger,deny, shed crocodile tears and make fake promises,just to make us feel guilty for wanting them gone.Then when we look away,they do harm again,again and again,getting away with it, again because they warp the very meaning of being just and protecting ourselves from the harm they bring to us,quite by the perpretrators deliberate choice too...
These toxic people ruin our lives,families,social gatherings,movements and government and poison our world.No more of this tolerating the intolerable.I HATE sociopaths/authoritarian and narcissistic personalities and I am not one bit ashamed to say so.. Evil in flesh they are.Literally.
The truth is not warm or fuzzy sometimes.It goes against some people's"inherent beliefs" like...
Not all people are"inherently good", Nor do people "get what they deserve" and it's a lie that "everyone can change".Get rid of those silly solopsistic sentiments because it is doing alot to enable the systematic of killing of life on this world by sociopaths/psychopaths/authoritarian and narcissistic otherwise toxic personality types..I am not bloodthirsty,I wish there was a way to cure sociopathy/narcissism and authoritarian personality,but time is running out.We are locked on a planet with these monsters in human suits and we have to do something to stop this destruction of everything we hold dear,people, I am being realistic about a topic some find very threatening or'extreme' but it needs to be said and known,and if that upsets you you need to research into why they are NOT US and observe why you believe certain 'nice' but dangerous beliefs.Here are some places to start. Face the cognitive dissonance and learn.Please.
Some psychologists go so far as to label the psychopath "a different kind of human" altogether. Psychopathy has an environmental component like nearly all aspects of personal psychology, but its source is rooted firmly in biology. This has caused some researchers to suspect that the condition isn't a "disorder" at all, but an adaptive trait. In a civilization made up primarily of law-abiding citizenry, the theory goes, an evolutionary niche opens up for a minority who would exploit the trusting masses.
http://www.damninteresting.com/the-unburdened-mind
Imagine - if you can - not having a conscience, none at all, no feelings of guilt or remorse no matter what you do, no limiting sense of concern of the well-being of strangers, friends, or even family members. Imagine no struggles with shame, not a single one in your whole life, no matter what kind of selfish, lazy, harmful, or immoral action you had taken. And pretend that the concept of responsibility is unknown to you, except as a burden others seem to accept without question, like gullible fools. Now add to this strange fantasy the ability to conceal from other people that your psychological makeup is radically different from theirs. Since everyone simply assumes that conscience is universal among human beings, hiding the fact that you are conscience-free is nearly effortless. You are not held back from any of your desires by guilt or shame, and you are never confronted by others for your cold-bloodedness. The ice water in your veins is so bizarre, so completely outside of their personal experience that they seldom even guess at your condition.
In other words, you are completely free of internal restraints, and your unhampered liberty to do just as you please, with no pangs of conscience, is conveniently invisible to the world. You can do anything at all, and still your strange advantage over the majority of people, who are kept in line by their consciences, will most likely remain undiscovered.
http://www.cix.co.uk/~klockstone/spath.htm
about sociopaths
http://ming.tv/flemming2.php/__show_article/_a000010-00...
http://www.mcafee.cc/Bin/sb.html
more on those dangerous beliefshttp://www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/iie/v3n2/justwor...
http://chamberguy.blogspot.com/2008/07/sociopaths-do-no...
http://www.wikihow.com/Deal-With-a-Sociopathic-Friend
http://country-of-liars.com/about/victim-traits /
http://www.cassiopaea.com/cassiopaea/psychopath_macroso...
http://driventodoevil.com/blog/?page_id=21
Office psychopathy
"The main lesson I have learnt is that when dealing with a sociopath, the normal rules of etiquette do not apply. You are dealing with someone who has no empathy, no conscience, no remorse, and no guilt...It is a completely different mindset. Words like 'predator' and 'evil' are often used."
http://www.softpanorama.org/Social/Toxic_managers/psych...Political ponerology
http://www.ponerology.com /
http://ponerology.blogspot.com /
http://www.lovefraud.com/12_leavingAsociopath/sociopath...Be careful for whom you heart bleeds for,for some out there are vampires and will feed upon your bleeding soft heart until they kill you,and everything you loved.
http://thebeerbarrel.net/threads/the-harvard-mafia.19553/
http://crookedtimber.org/2013/08/03/larry-summers-not-enough-of-a-jerk/comment-page-3/
ezra abrams 08.03.13 at 3:20 pm
backin the 1990s, a woman questioned the wisdom of clinton/rubin/summers deregulation
http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Global_Economy/KL04Dj01.htmlhttp://henryckliu.com/page211.html
I think the front page article todays N Y Times about the state of philosophy is relevant – philosophy sounds like male economists on steroids, people who have no concept of how badly they are behaving simply to pound their chests
(I assume youall have heard that the mayor of San Diego was fired for sexual harassment; his defense ? he never received formal training, so he didn't know what it was wrong to tell a coworker, you look hot, come to work without underwear)In the case of econ and philosophy, we have this male attitude that confrontational style leads to truth; total nonsense.
In the non academic sphere, this is not allowed.
A related story comes courtesy, iirc, the UCLA chem dept: a young lady graduated, and was hired as a lab worker, shifting her formal status from student employed by the university to state employee
A bad accident occured, and because she was a state employee, OSHA could come in; and boy, did they hammer the university, which, to its credit, turned a pile of poop into a rose; they are now leaders in safety
[Dec 05, 2013] http://www.kanga.nu/~claw/docs/Nikolai/critique/
[Dec 05, 2013] Unix Programming Quizzes
When I first ran into the quizzes at Brainbench, they were all free, and I took a bunch of them. Invariably, I was dismayed at my score. This was plenty of incentive to get me to go re-learn tools I thought I knew well.Because Brainbench is no longer free, and because they didn't really have great Unix tests anyway, I wrote a pair of Unix programming quizzes.
Unfortunately, they're broken at the moment; my provider updated to a new version of PHP, and I've never had time to figure out why the quizzes stopped working. Still, the review material on this page might be of interest.
All the quizzes (well, there's only two so far) are open book, just like real life. Have a quick read through the review material so you know where to look things up during the quiz.
Approximage score guide for all quizzes:
0-24%: beginner
25%-49%: intern
50%-75%: programmer
75%-100%: expert
The program that administers the quiz isn't very polished yet; apologies.Unix Makefile quiz
Before you take the quiz, you should know how Unix make works, and what its -n, -f, -j, and -C commandline options do.Tutorials and reference material:
[Sorry, quiz not online.]Unix Commands quiz
Before you take the quiz, you should know how Unix directories, shell wildcards, shell I/O redirection, and regular expressions work, and have a basic understanding of the cp, find, grep, ln, ls, mv, rm, sed, sh, sort, and tr commands. (Don't worry, you don't need to know all their options!)Tutorials and reference material:
[Sorry, quiz not online.]
- dmoz.org's Regular Expressions: FAQs, Help, and Tutorials Regular expressions are a key concept used by grep, sed, awk, and other programs.
- sed tutorial
- Softpanorama's Classic Unix Tools Page -- Good content, a bit hard to navigate
- The Unix Standard
- GNU manuals
- My list of Linux books. For instance, Teach Yourself Unix in 24 Hours, and Think UNIX.
- My linux training page
[Nov 06, 2013] Linux – Myths Busted
April 19, 2011
There is no doubt Linux has grown out to be the most popular open-source OS in the present generation, there are few myths that needs to get busted!
Linux – Myths BustedLinux is an open-source operating system. The operations on Linux is very similar to what we have on Mac OS X or windows platform. The difference lies in the fact that Linux OS is developed collaboratively. There is no specific company that represents its development or support. The funding for the costs involved in development is shared between the partners and their competitors. There is also a large community of individual developers that are involved in the development of Linux.
Linux represented a $25 billion ecosystem in 2008, which developed as a force from 1991 to powering giants like new york stock exchange to the mobile devices and consumer products.
There has been few myths or misunderstandings with respect to Linux and here are the few in listing:
1. Linux is the first open software OS
Wrong! The first opensource OS was BSD based on Unix Kernel. But due to the spread of rumour and media exposure and a bit help from IBM, it was established that Linus Trovalds was the godfather of world's first open source operating system.
2. Linux had developed its own kernel
As per softpanorama.org, the linux kernel is a straightforward clone of Unix kernel, which is almost 30 year old OS.
3. Linux is developed by individual contributers who work for non-commercial benefits
Wrong, the majority (73.2%) of development is done by companies like Redhat, Novell and IBM and their employees. 13.9% of the development is done by volunteers without any corporate affiliation and the rest is done by individual developers.
4. Linux and Microsoft are two extreme ends!
At some part during the development, Linux does owe its competitor Microsoft for the development of infrastructure for Unix on Intel. The Microsoft's XENIX operating system was used as the base for this. Also the plug n play option was also contribution from Microsoft on for Linux. Also there is the fact that linux depends of Microsoft compatible hardware and without this the success wouldn't be possible on for the Open source OS.
5. Linux is developing each day!
Sad part is it is only a 15year old OS and it is already showing a slower pace in development. There has been no pace as it were in the earlier ages.
These are few myths that are popular on Linux communities. But this doesn't take off any good part from Linux, it is still the best OS and next to BSD or solarisis on its reliablility. But as always it is BSD that rocks, linux just tumbles after!
Reference:
[Jan 20, 2013 ] Toxic management: PIMM (Part 1 of 2)
Do you find that you are always very busy at work but don't actually do much 'real' work? Do you spend a lot of your time attending unnecessary meetings or drawing up unnecessary progress reports or project plans which have been requested by your manager? Does your manager tell lies even when it is not necessary? Does your manager take too long to make even the most minor decisions? Do your manager's decisions/demands change from one day to the next? Do you feel that your manager's controlling behaviour is rendering you and your co-workers ineffective? Do you and your co-workers think that your manager does really not know what he/she is doing? If you answered yes to those questions, your manager could be a PIMM.
A PIMM is a Paranoid Incompetent MicroManager. They are like micromanagers, only much much worse. Being incompetent, the PIMM feels that their position is threatened but has no constructive ways of reacting to this threat. To counter the threat, they use highly pathological methods too numerous to list here. I got most of them from Softpanorama, an authority on this topic.
Gatekeeper of all communication: Because of their paranoia, they block all alternative information flows that do not come directly from them, make all important decisions themselves and at the same time require frequent detailed reports and data from subordinates. There is also an obsessive preoccupation with procedural details (project plans seem to be the favourite pastime, usually accompanied by meetings to review each step of the plan)
Addiction to control and power: PIMMs are addicted to control and power. This desire for control makes them ask for status, data and reports from their subordinates more often than is needed. They pervert those management tools so don't be surprised if an Excel spreadsheet, from being a tool, suddenly becomes an instrument of torture. Everything needs to be documented, real work be damned.
PIMMs try to control every little detail of every little project they assign to you, instead of giving you the job and leaving you to do it. They often tend to be very process-oriented, and will usually bog you down in tons of useless documentation and meetings.
Inability to make a decision: PIMMs are notoriously indecisive. One of the most distinctive features of the PIMM is their obsession with extracting from you, an endless stream of useless reports and meetings that are supposedly needed to make a minor decision which any competent manager can make on the spot.
Aversion to putting things in writing: They are pathologically economical in emails and are reluctant to respond to your emails or put anything in writing. PIMMs prefer to discuss things in private where there are no witnesses. This is because they are consummate liars and will be untruthful about almost everything (even inconsequential things most people wouldn't waste time and energy lying about).
Even when the PIMM puts things in writing, they try to make it sound as vague as possible so that later, if their demands change (as it usually does), they can claim that you misunderstood what they wrote.
They are insincere, although often appearing to be sincere (especially to superiors and to those with little experience dealing with them).
Other characteristics of PIMMs: They pride themselves on their rationality and objectivity when in reality there is none. This is more typical of female PIMMs who feel that they are different from other women (and they really are).
An inability to trust, doubts about others' loyalty, distortion and fabrication, misinterpretation and bearing grudges unnecessarily are hallmarks of the disorder. Pathological and instinctive aggressive counter-attack, the obsessive need to control others is also a prominent feature. They like to collect evidence on subordinates.
All PIMMs are bullies but not all bullies are PIMMs.
[Jan 20, 2013 ] Toxic Management: PIMM (Part 2 of 2)
January 4, 2010Leave a comment Click here for Part 1Dealing with a PIMM is like being put in a cage in the zoo with a wild animal. It is an environment that is not suitable for most humans. On a professional level, PIMMs waste so much of your time with their useless or harmful requests for paperwork, meetings and overcontrolling that there isn't much time left in the working day to do some real work.
There is no room left for advancement of the subordinates, as the micro-manager-boss does not relinquish any authority. He delegates tasks but not responsibility. This causes resentment among employees. Subordinates start showing a lack of interest in work, creativity diminishes, staff morale plummets, sickness absences increase and the end result is low productivity.
PIMMs can
- cause you dangerously high levels of stress
- drive you insane
- make you obsess about the problems even when you are with friends and family to the point that your friends and family start avoiding you
- inhibit your ability to do your job
- can make your working life hell
The PIMM is a special type of corporate psychopath and does not understand remorse so don't think that confronting the PIMM will solve the problem. Don't try to be a hero or you might find yourself unemployed or in a more unpleasant situation at work. If the PIMM perceives you to be a threat, he/she will take steps to have you punished or dismissed in order to regain full control.
If you are unfortunate to report to a PIMM, the safest course of action is to start looking for another job but make sure you do it as an undercover mission. Continue to comply with the PIMM's demands while secretly looking for another job. You don't want the PIMM to even suspect that you are looking for another job because some PIMMs will do what it takes to keep good workers, even resorting to sabotage. The PIMM relies on you and your co-workers to do all the work which makes the PIMM look competent. Do you think the PIMM will let good workers go that easily? Whatever you do, try to find a new job before the PIMM excessively monitors you into insanity or worse, into an early grave.
Credit goes to softpanorama for most of the information here. Softpanorama has a wealth of information on all types of toxic management.
[Nov 27, 2012] Useful Links – Technical Resources Dr John's Tech Talk
- Geographic location finder for any IP address. I just found out about this one. It works quite well! http://whatismyipaddress.com/ip-lookupReputation links
- Reputation information for any mail server. Just plug in the IP. Will also show what blacklists the server is on and the reputation of others servers on that segment. I think it's run by Cisco. http://www.senderbase.org/
- Reputation of any URL, sponsored by Bluecoat, makers of the free edition K9 Webfilter. http://sitereview.bluecoat.com/sitereview.jspWebmaster links
- archive.org will show what your site looked like in the past, sometimes even years in the past.
- www.alexa.com, to see how unpopular your web site is- urlquery.net, a service for analyzing and detecting web-based malware
- Open source information and knowledgeable discussion. http://www.softpanorama.org/
- Good discussion of ongoing security matters, though too heavily weighted on Social networking. Articles daily with interesting reader comments. http://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/
- most under-appreciated blog by an IT professional, networking concentration. http://drjohnstechtalk.com/blog/ Hey, I can toot my own horn!
- Web site malware checker. http://sitecheck.sucuri.net/scanner/. I've used it once. I guess it's OK, but probably not nearly as thorough as commercial products. I guess it doesn't look for vulnerabilities, just malware.
- Slickest broadband speed test. http://speedtest.net/
- Cheapest low-power Linux computer. http://www.raspberrypi.org/. At about $35 this looks really interesting for the hobbyist.
- Screen-sharing application join.me
[Nov 25, 2012] Mr. Dan Schrader, Product Marketing, Vyatta Inc ZoomInfo.com
Strategies of Defending Windows against Malware
www.softpanorama.org [cached]
"Anti-virus companies have always been seen as ambulance chasers, and sometimes, it's true," said Dan Schrader, the chief security analyst at Trend Micro.
[Nov 22, 2012] Why I Use Total Commander
May 12, 2005
Total Commander is one of the first things I install on any new PC that I need to use on a regular basis.
It's one of the few shareware programs that I've gladly put down money for - it's that useful. Those who know me will know that that's a, shall we put it this way, "ringing endorsement".
At my new workplace, some of my colleagues recognized it immediately. Some of them remarked that the guy who used to sit at my place used it too. They asked me why I use it. So, I went like *shrug* - I've *always* used it. For years and years. Since I was a BBS sysop back in 1990 managing 50,000 files on a regular basis. Since I got my 386 PC. *shrug* It's intuitive, it works, I can do lightning-quick file operations that take mere Explorer mouse users many agonizing seconds to accomplish. In the old days - in fact, all the way till today, when you're managing tens of thousands of files, you don't fool around - you simply use the best tools available. *shrug*
Here's an author, Dr Nikolai Bezroukov, who explains it much better :
This page is devoted to the Orthodox File Managers (OFMs) that are also known as "Commanders". Members of this family of file managers use simple yet very powerful interface that is a direct derivative of Norton Commander (NC) interface. I introduced the term "Orthodox File Managers" in 1996 with the first edition of my online book and now it seems to be more or less standard term for this category of file managers ...
The Orthodox File Managers (OFMs), also affectionally known as "Commanders" are probably the most influential type of file managers. But the OFMs are more than a popular type of file managers. It is a cultural phenomenon that we ( lacking more precise definition) will call the OFM paradigm ... for a typical Windows or Linux user it looks somewhat strange that people continue to use descendants of a character-based file manager called Norton Commander that was initially designed for PC XT in 1986. Equally strange is that a lot of talented programmers devote considerable time solving intricate problems of designing a modern versions of OFM-style file managers ...
- F5. It's mostly about the F5 key (Copy). Sometimes F6 (Move). And Insert (Select). It's quite often about F3 (View), and also F4 (Edit). Occasionally, it's F7 (Create Dir). Oh yes, Enter. Who could forget Enter (switch directories / execute file). If you like your Explorer (or whatever), you have no idea what we're talking about here, anyway.
See also :
1. OFM (Wikipedia)
2. Norton Commander (Wikipedia)
3. Total Commander (Christian Ghisler)(2005-05-12 23:48:04 SGT) [Tech] Permalink Comments [3]
[Nov 18, 2012] Do you use Orthodox File Managers (Meaningless Drivel forum at JavaRanch)
May 12, 2008 | JavaRanch
Mapraputa Is Leverager of our synergies Sheriff
Pat Farrell mentioned Nikolai Bezroukov's "A Second Look at the Cathedral and Bazaar" text via which I found another very interesting text: The Orthodox File Manager (OFM) Paradigm. Dr. Bezroukov said,
"Although originated in the USA, the OFMs became mostly a European phenomenon with a very strong following in Eastern Europe (especially in former USSR countries), Scandinavian countries and Germany."
It's true that once learned them in a former USSR country I was never able to depart with them and until now have very vague idea of Windows's native interface, because I always have one of these wonderful pieces of software installed. I don't know how one can live without them.
In case you wonder what "Orthodox File Managers" are (I never heard this term before) examples include Norton Commander, Total Commander, Midnight Commander, Northern Captain etc.
Uncontrolled vocabularies "I try my best to make *all* my posts nice, even when I feel upset" -- Philippe Maquet
Ernest Friedman-Hill author and iconoclast Marshal
The majority of Americans use Reform file managers, but there are pockets of Conservative file managers as well.
Pat Farrell Rancher
Ernie's answer jumped into my brain when I saw the title, he just beat me to it, and was probably better phrased.
I had not heard the phrase before this thread, and haven't used any of such file managers.
I generally change computer too often to get very interested in customizing them. About all I do is install cygwin on all windows boxes so I can type ls and grep.
I've become a shell guy, as the gui stuff changes too often.
I think a lot of the customization is really closer to religion, be it orthodox, reform or conservative, or even Catholic versus Calvanist. I can't even figure out why Linux folks argue over KDE vs Gnome.
[Apr 18, 2012] Debugging resources
Here are some interesting resources on debugging in general. If you're interested in a specific language, tool, or device, your best bet is go to Google and search for debugging and your specific item. You will be awash in websites. These sites, on the other hand, are more general in scope.The Algorithmic and Automatic Debugging Home Page - This site has links to numerous resources on designing for debug, automatic testing and verification, and debugging tools.This page is still growing. If you know of interesting debugging resources and would like to see them linked here, click on: Tell us about a debugging resource and type it up as an email.Softpanorama Debugging Links - This site is a nice source of practical and philosophical advice about debugging. Be sure to look at the article by David Burns on the Mental Game of Debugging; it gives ten rules for maintaining your sanity as you debug. There's also some neat quotes and humor.
Troubleshooters.com - This site is devoted to troubleshooting in general. It has a bit of overlap with the Debugging rules, but definitely comes at the problem with a different view; it might add an insight or two to your repertoire. It has an extensive set of links to other resources as well.
Thanks for helping us out.
[Apr 18, 2012] Linux Sucks! [Archive] - The FreeBSD Forums
OkoThe video was not even fun to watch. It is more a portrait of Linux community and its culture than anything else. For much better articles of what is really wrong with the Linux I warmly recommend
http://www.softpanorama.org/index.shtml
which is full of good readings.
For what is wrong with Unix (and Linux is not Unix unlike present BSDs which are descendants of the full blooded proprietary but open source Unix) I warmly recommend the following reading to younger users
Unix Haters Handbook which is actually written by very competent Unix
"haters".http://web.mit.edu/~simsong/www/ugh.pdf
I personally have never understood the concept of an OS which is based on
plagiarism and reinventing things which were introduced in proprietary
Unix-es 20 years ago.Best,
OkoP.S. Just during this year I have given at least dozen of presentations using LaTeX class of presentations (Powerdot) and my trusted ThinkPad A20p loaded with the OpenBSD. I have never done anything else than what would typical Windows user do. Press Fn+F7 and get my presentation on the wall via LCD projector. But I guess being aware that typical LCD projectors are incapable of the resolutions higher than 1024x768
unlike my laptop which uses 1400x1050 is too much of reading to an average Linux user. No wonders then that expecting to change resolution
with xrandr -s before attempting Fn+F7 or God forbid launching another X server with xorg.conf file containing different modlines is too much to expect. Unix have found very simply solutions for those kinds of users.
We either give them older laptops like mine ThinkPad 390E which itself is not capable of the resolution higher than 1024x768 so Fn+F7 will always work
or even better solution called OS X. It actually has 10 times a market share of Linux and is really COOL thing. It cost money but the knowledge is far more expensive.
[Apr 18, 2012] The Business of Software - CMM Level 5
February 10, 2007 | Joel on Software
Anon for This
Meghraj ReddyI've seen a couple of pages which cast doubt on some CMM Level 5 claims:
http://www.cio.com/archive/030104/cmm.html
http://www.softpanorama.org/SE/CMM/index.shtmlThe cio.com article is pretty good, but the softpanorama.org article is pretty selective about its quotes. He quotes:"In fact, the study found that Level 5 companies on average had higher defect rates than anyone else."
The full quote says:
"In fact, the study found that Level 5 companies on average had higher defect rates than anyone else. But Reasoning did see a difference when it sent the code back to the developers for repairs and then tested it again. The second time around, the code from CMM companies improved, while the code from the non-CMM companies showed no improvement."
Of course both articles fail to mention that the reason CMM-5 companies show more defects per line of code than CMM-1 companies is because the CMM-5 companies actually know how many bugs they have because they have a actual repeatable and accurate quality control process, and then CMM-1 company doesn't. What would you rather have? More defects from a company that actually measures how many defects they have, or 'less defects' from a company that has absolutely no idea how many defects they have, so they are just making up a random number?
Meghraj Reddy
[Apr 18, 2012] Softpanorama University Minimalistic Linux Distributions Links
Nov 18, 2007 | LiveDistro
Submitted by Anonymous on Sun, 2007-11-18 07:12
"With the commercialization of Linux increasing rapidly and the divide between Free and pay-for offerings widening, minidistributions reminds us about the "good old days" of Linux distributions.
The number of large full-scale distributions for Linux is too big and they are too bloated and complex to understand. Red Hat is bloated pig that is not that different from Microsoft Windows. It is just incomprehensible and can be used only the way Microsoft Windows is used: installing and periodically patching the distribution. Forget about the fact that it is open source. It just does not matter. I am convinced that Red Hat is harmful for educational purposes because of excessive complexity.
Therefore I decided to keep concentrate on this page on minimalist Linux distributions only. Most material is not current so you need to use it as a starting point for your own search on the net ;-)."
[Apr 17, 2012] Palladifango
"the idea of sacrificing yourself to save humanity is very seductive to certain types of individuals. Probably instead of saving the world it is often wiser to learn to live in it. The latter is also more difficult"
[Apr 16, 2012] Useful and interesting links for new Java programmers
Nikolai Bezroukov's site contains vast amounts of slightly skeptical comment on software issues, and plenty of links.
[Apr 16, 2012] Perl Substr
Dr. Nikolai Bezroukov. Perl for system administrators. 3.1. String ...
Like PL/1 Perl provides the substr function (substring) to extract parts of a scalar (e.g. string). In the most general case of substr invocation you need to specify ...
[Apr 16, 2012] Intel System 320 Mulitbus System
I have not found many Web links about Xenix. In fact, Wikipedia points to THIS Web page. But this Web site by Dr. Nikolai Bezroukov has a curious but detailed document about Xenix history. You can check "Wikipedia" also. The short story is that Microsoft got "in bed" with Santa Cruz Operation (SCO) and licensed a System 7 Unix and they turned it into Xenix. Microsoft sold to manufacturers only - Intel, Tandy, etc. - and was serious about Xenix for some years, through their development of MS-DOS. By the late 1980's, the time of the 80286 and just before the 80386, Microsoft got OUT, sold their interests to SCO. Today, we know about SCO as a company who went after license fees to anyone who once owned Unix.
[Apr 16, 2012] Good file manager replacement in Linux - Windows - Server Fault
May 25 '11
You appear to be talking about Orthodox file managers. Nikolai Bezroukov has a whole WWW site about them, that includes some user commentary.
[Apr 14, 2012] Involution " Quotes
There aren't good ideas and bad ideas. There are only your own ideas and everybody else's ideas.Nikolai Bezroukov
You're fighting in a bloody conflict you don't understand commanded by people who have no idea what you do and no loyalty to their country.Nikolai Bezroukov
Sweet Erosions of E-mail Geert Lovink
"In Greek mythology, Sisyphus, an evil king, was condemned to Hades to forever roll a big rock to the top of a mountain, and then the rock always rolled back down again. Similar version of Hell is suffered every day by people with forever full e-email boxes." Nikolai Bezroukov
SoftPanorama - SoftPanorama Switchboard, created by Nikolai Bezroukov, is one of those vast, practical resources with a fun side too.
SoftPanorama / SoftPanorama Switchboard, created by Nikolai Bezroukov, is one of those vast, practical resources with a fun side too. There is the excellent and very useful Classification of Corporate Psychopaths | Coping with the toxic stress in IT environment | Surviving a Bad Performance Review | Information Overload: How Digital Devices Deprive Brain of Needed Downtime | Science, PseudoScience and Society. But then there is the fun side of the site too: Russian Music Oldies on YouTube | economic crisis humor | Songs from Famous Russian Cartoons on Youtube. [more inside]
Selling the Cathedral and Preaching in the Bazaar LevelTen Dallas, TX
First off, let me say that I am a huge proponent of free and open source software. With that said, I am also very much a capitalist. I do not feel these are mutually exclusive characteristics, although some would disagree with me.
This article was conceived as a critical review of Eric S. Raymond's The Cathedral and the Bazaar. However, I came across a rebuttal by Nikolai Bezroukov that covers most of my criticisms already. As such, I will limit my discussion to one specific quote that I find to be a blaring fallacy, for different reasons than expressed in Nikolai Bezroukov's rebuttal.
"Perhaps in the end the open-source culture will triumph not because cooperation is morally right or software "hoarding" is morally wrong (assuming you believe the latter, which neither Linus nor I do), but simply because the closed-source world cannot win an evolutionary arms race with open-source communities that can put orders of magnitude more skilled time into a problem."
Aside from totally ignoring Brook's Law, this statement has to make you kind of look side ways and ponder... "If this were true, why are OSS projects always dragging on the coat tails of commercial software?" If you really take the time to look at the many open source projects, the LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) stack in example, is there really any innovation? Linux was conceived as a reverse engineered Unix terminal. MySQL was a free database server for the masses that lacked "advanced" functionality. PHP is a true child of the Bazaar, morphing however the community sees fit. But PHP is actually continually behind on innovations in programming, only seriously supporting object-oriented programming in PHP5. Apache is really the exception here. It is one of the true success stories of the OSS community, unmatched by a commercial competitor
TextEditors Wiki OrthodoxEditors
Dr. Nikolai Bezroukov's classification of editors as Eastern Orthodox and Western Orthodox.Eastern Orthodox editors are characterized by a command line, text folding, and a script language.
Western Orthodox editors are characterized by support for regular expressions and piping through external filters.
[Apr 10, 2012] Comparison Solaris vs Linux
Dr. Nikolai Bezroukov has published a paper. According to author, "Due to the architecture of Solaris kernel and I/O subsystem there are several open source applications that can run on Solaris better then on Linux. Among them are all multithreading applications and most open source databases. Solaris also significantly improves the security of open source applicators due to built-in protection from stack overflows.All-in-all Solaris is powerful, stable, conformant to standards OS that can run many open source applications as well as Linux and some (mainly multithreaded applications) better then Linux. Like in cases of Red Hat and Suse the cost of support is extra, but it is more reasonably priced. Security patches are free which makes Solaris similar to Windows...
Interesting stuff, do not forget to read full paper. Found via osnews.
JackBauer October 6, 2009 at 8:39 pm
Also – you'll find Solaris all over Department of Defense hardware. It's everywhere. You know where you'll find Linux? Nowhere. Nobody is willing to trust their lives to an operating system that is now as bloated and unstable as Windows. Even worse, plintered into a billion different distributions that nobody can put faith in anymore.
Put that in your "rage against the machine / free software will save the world" pipe and smoke it.
[Apr 14, 2012] A Second Look at the Cathedral and Bazaar by Nikolai Bezroukov (Meaningless Drivel forum at JavaRanch)
May 12, 2008Pat Farrell Rancher Joined: Aug 11, 2007
Posts: 3591
Monday, May 12, 2008 12:50 AMInteresting paper. Its now "old" in that it was published in 1999.
Couple of quick comments:
On communication:I have taught Software Management using Brook's Mythical Many Month as a text. I believe in it. It may be wrong, but its held up for 25 years, and still rings true to me.
Nothing about the Internet for communications, as claimed by Cathedral and Bazaar (CatB), really changes the essence of Brook's observation. Nine women can not deliver a baby in one month. Some things just don't scale. What we know from thirty or forty years of software engineering is that technology is not the problem that makes large projects "hard", its the human to human communications.I believe that fewer good people make projects run faster, not more. And I believe that if you are going to have many people, you need large numbers of eyeball to eyeball time. With perhaps two or three percent of that time over beer.
On "Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow"
I don't buy this one at all. For many, perhaps even most, bugs, more eyeballs can help. But complex interactions, race conditions, inverted interrupts and other stuff that happens in real world systems as you push for performance and scalability are hard. They are essentially hard. It takes a lot of time for an experienced artisan to get into the zone to start to understand them. The world simply does not have 'enough eyeballs' attached to expert artisans, so some bugs are hard.
A Second Look at the Cathedral and Bazaar by Nikolai Bezroukov (Java Miscellaneous)
17 Jul 2008Interesting paper. Its now "old" in that it was published in 1999.
Couple of quick comments:
On communication:
I have taught Software Management using Brook's Mythical Many Month as a text. I believe in it. It may be wrong, but its held up for 25 years, and still rings true to me.
Nothing about the Internet for communications, as claimed by Cathedral and Bazaar (CatB), really changes the essence of Brook's observation. Nine women can not deliver a baby in one month. Some things just don't scale. What we know from thirty or forty years of software engineering is that technology is not the problem that makes large projects "hard", its the human to human communications.
I believe that fewer good people make projects run faster, not more. And I believe that if you are going to have many people, you need large numbers of eyeball to eyeball time. With perhaps two or three percent of that time over beer.
On "Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow"
I don't buy this one at all. For many, perhaps even most, bugs, more eyeballs can help. But complex interactions, race conditions, inverted interrupts and other stuff that happens in real world systems as you push for performance and scalability are hard. They are essentially hard. It takes a lot of time for an experienced artisan to get into the zone to start to understand them. The world simply does not have 'enough eyeballs' attached to expert artisans, so some bugs are hard
Nikolai Bezroukov. Portraits of Open Source Pioneers. Ch.3 Prince Kropotkin of Software (Richard Stallman and War of Software Clones) StumbleUpon.com
sharpeworld said
an introduction to richard stallman, part of "portraits of open source pioneers"
on Mar 29, 2006 at 09:52 PM
[Apr 04, 2012] Nikolai Bezroukov. Portraits of Open Source Pioneers Essays on early history of open source) Likes StumbleUpon.com
1,281 viewssoftpanorama.org
WikiKiba said
some intersting history, philosophy, and biography about the Free software and the open source movement as well its leaders and founder
on Jul 30, 2007 at 01:48 PM
difficult to describer...
[Apr 02, 2012] nickyskye meanderings Thank you Nikolai Bezroukov for your marvelous gem of a website
Feb 7, 2012
Occasionally one comes across a blog with a whole bunch of unexpected combinations of things. SoftPanorama is one of those. It is a vast, practical and, in many cases, if one needs that information, a life saving resource. It's not especially beautiful to look at, has some quirky Russian-English grammar/misspellings but is seriously worth exploring, bookmarking and sharing with friends.
It was created by Nikolai Bezroukov. Among the many things I love about his website is that it is not just academic information, it's based on his practical experience. It's not just full of wisdom, science, knowledge, links, it has plenty of humor as well as some really entertaining video links too.
First there is the excellent and very useful
SoftPanorama, a vast resource with a Russian edge MetaFilter
February 5, 2012 6:12 PM Subscribe
SoftPanorama / SoftPanorama Switchboard, created by Nikolai Bezroukov, is one of those vast, practical resources with a fun side too. There is the excellent and very useful Classification of Corporate Psychopaths | Coping with the toxic stress in IT environment | Surviving a Bad Performance Review | Information Overload: How Digital Devices Deprive Brain of Needed Downtime | Science, PseudoScience and Society. But then there is the fun side of the site too: Russian Music Oldies on YouTube | economic crisis humor | Songs from Famous Russian Cartoons on Youtube.posted by nickyskye (5 comments total) 14 users marked this as a favorite
It's not especially beautiful to look at, has some quirky Russian-English grammar/misspellings and dead links but is well worth exploring.
These are a few examples of the Russian Oldies:
ВИА Верасы "Люблю тебя" Песня года - 1979
My Address is the Soviet Union
VIA "Flame" Song of Friendship
На сопках Манчжурии / The Hills of Manchuria
Then there is the basso profundo collection. Wow. I never heard any human voice that low! (Except for the Gyuto Monks Tantric Choir) check this one out: Vladimir Pasjukov - Do not reject me in my old age | Basso Profondo LOW G CAGE MATCH! | lowest note Vladimir Pasuik & Viktor Wichniakov | The Largest bass voices | Russian Red Army Choir - Song of the Volga Boatmen (1965) | Evening bells - Вечерний звон - Abendglocken | Mark Reizen sings Song of the Flea
A couple of the economic crisis humor gems: Bird and Fortune - Subprime Crisis | Greek Debt Song
A couple of Songs from Famous Russian Cartoons on Youtube: Львенок и черепаха мульт (the lion and turtle song) | Four inseparable cockroach and cricket
Noulakaz - Thanks Microsoft… for cheap PCs
While reading Nikolai Bezroukov's comparison of Linux and Solaris, I came across this part:
"Microsoft indirectly subsidized all Unixes on Intel as the de-facto owner of PC standard: hardware that any Intel based Unix is running on is created by OEMs using the standards that Microsoft license for free to all PC manufactures and the cost of this hardware is mainly determined by the the size of the market created by Microsoft OSes. Plug and play hardware specification is a nice example here. Whether we like Microsoft or not, the simplest and reasonably precise definition of PC always was Microsoft compatible computer."
I think I must agree with Nikolai… It's thanks to Microsoft that PCs are now so inexpensive and, at the same time, so powerful.
As from now, each time I boot my PC (I'm using Kubuntu Linux), I'll spend 1 second thinking of Bill Gates… ;-)
Socialization in an Open Source Software Community
Linux - Governance - P2P Foundation
By Dr. Nikolai Bezroukov . We recommend reading this alternative profile of Linus Torvalds, which is highly critical at http://www.softpanorama.org/People/Torvalds/index.shtml:
Freedom Can Be Slavery
Nikolai Bezroukov also has a web site, www.softpanorama.org, which includes a number of interesting, informative and educational articles on a variety of software and computer ...
interdisciplines : The Future of Web Publishing : Programmers as Poets
Stallman has been dubbed "The Prince Kropotkin of Software" ( a reference to the Russian anarchist) in an online biography by Nikolai Bezroukov.
Notes on debugging and programming Softpanorama
Jun 8, 2007 | Jon Aquino's Mental Garden
Notes on debugging and programming: Softpanorama
"While [writing new software] may be a deeply satisfying occupation, hunting bugs can be just as absorbing, rewarding and fulfilling. So don't feel intimidated or bored when it is your fortune to fix a bug."
From the Softpanorama pages, which is a great collection of wisdom about programming and debugging, and some great book recommendations.
http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/comparison-solaris-vs-linux.html
09.28.07 at 8:27 pm After all the years of trying out both Linux and Sol, I dont understand why you guys think linux is all powerful and all that. I think it's the otherway.Things do run better on solaris. You can test this by either reading some specs or doing your own specs. Second, Linux is way too unorganized to be reliable OS. In every version, Linux comes with too many changes and not even all linux flavors have same commands[forget about having same options]. The utilities change with every minor version like chameleons. Linux is just a overloaded plastic bag waiting to explode in anoyone's face.
I have been trying to use fedora as desktop for past 4 weeks and i think it's crappier than windows. Things are extremely slow and extermely buggy. sessions hang like bats during the day. I have restart the gui everyday before leaving. What are you so bragging about linux? From where i stand i fail to see it's strength. Everything in linux is copied from other OS. No innovation, no originality. I think people favor because they want to brag about themselves being nerds and all that.
What tools does linux have that help you more than Solaris has? Name a few please. I am dying to hear about them and compare. Linux doesn't even a have structure consistant with SVR4. Everyone agrees that Openoffice doesn't even come close to MS-office. If it is so much better, i dont see why people still pay to MS.
Face it, no matter what, unless there is a governing body and a strict adherense to standards, linux will never be truly mainstream compition. It's just a pain in real sysad's butt
http://www.noulakaz.net/weblog/2006/04/
While reading Nikolai Bezroukov's comparison of Linux and Solaris, I came across this part:
"Microsoft indirectly subsidized all Unixes on Intel as the de-facto owner of PC standard: hardware that any Intel based Unix is running on is created by OEMs using the standards that Microsoft license for free to all PC manufactures and the cost of this hardware is mainly determined by the the size of the market created by Microsoft OSes. Plug and play hardware specification is a nice example here. Whether we like Microsoft or not, the simplest and reasonably precise definition of PC always was Microsoft compatible computer."
I think I must agree with Nikolai… It's thanks to Microsoft that PCs are now so inexpensive and, at the same time, so powerful.
As from now, each time I boot my PC (I'm using Kubuntu Linux), I'll spend 1 second thinking of Bill Gates…
Answers www.softpanorama.org sparc_vs_x86 fun
> http://www.softpanorama.org/Articles/Linux_vs_Solaris/sparc_vs_x86.shtml
>
>> ...
>> Linux is essentially an OS that flourishes only on Intel. It never achieved
>> any significant success on RISC architecture although IBM now is trying to
>> change this situation pushing Linux on PowerPC and potentially cannibalizing
>> its own AIX sales (at least on low level servers). Actually running several
>> competing with each other hardware and software offerings is nothing new for
>> IBM.
>
>> Solaris is heterogeneous OS that (unlike Linux) can perform well on two
>> architectures: UltraSparc and Intel. Actually Linux used to be more
>> heterogeneous in the past when it supported Alpha. But those days are long
>> gone.
>> ...
someone should send these guys a directory listing of linux/arch/
[snip]
>> * Fault tolerance. Sun servers can do amazing things with fauly components.
yeah! like toast bread :-)
-jb
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.
Jan Engelhardt wrote at: 2006-05-04 06:40:09
www.softpanorama.org: sparc_vs_x86 fun>>Solaris is heterogeneous OS that (unlike Linux) can perform well on two
>>architectures: UltraSparc and Intel.There are a lot of places where there seem to be artificial delays.
>>5.1. UltraSparc is an expensive but pretty cool CPU :-)
>>...
>>* Energy efficiency: it consumes less energy then either Intel or Opteron
>> and much less then PoewerPC CPUs.
Approx 82-85 W for an Opteron 244; according to Wikipedia, a T1 is 79 W.
UltraSPARC IV at 109 W (competes with P4 :p)
>>* Fault tolerance. Sun servers can do amazing things with fauly components.
>> almost any of them can be switched off. Even low level Sun server like V240
>> can survive bam memory chips, onle falty CPU and one burned power supply.
>> In some somce it is an cheap cluster.
I once pulled one power cable from a 2-PSU E250 machine. It powered off.
That can't be fault tolerant.
Plus you can't replace components (in an E250) without turning the power
off. That's because opening the case disconnects the power circle.
>>* Cleaner architecture. Being big Endean CPU with RISC instruction set
>> provides some complier level advantages in comparison with convoluted
>> instruction set of X86 line.
Except that the instruction length is a bit shortcoming for 64-bit integer
math. Under x64, you can do
movq $biglongconstant, %rax
while on SPARC, it takes 6 instructions (of course, being RISC makes it
execute differently than x64)
sethi %g1, $some_upper_bits
or %g1, $next_bitgroup
(shift-left)
or %g1, $next_bitgroup
(shift-left)
or %g1, $last_bitgroup
BTW, T1 is cool, but that the 1U version only has space for 1 disk is
pretty limiting :/
Jan Engelhardt
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Please read the FAQ at http://www.tux.org/lkml/[email protected] (Dagfin wrote at: 2006-05-04 06:50:14
www.softpanorama.org: sparc_vs_x86 fun
jimmy <jimmyb (~=~) huawei.com> writes:
>> http://www.softpanorama.org/Articles/Linux_vs_Solaris/sparc_vs_x86.shtml
>>
>>> ...
>>> Actually Linux used to be more heterogeneous in the past when it
>>> supported Alpha. But those days are long gone.
>>> ...
> someone should send these guys a directory listing of linux/arch/
I think he's confusing Red Hat with Linux. But these days even Red Hat
supports more architectures than Solaris: i386, amd64, ia64, ppc64 and
s390.
--
ilmari
"A disappointingly low fraction of the human race is,
at any given time, on fire." - Stig Sandbeck Mathisen
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Please read the FAQ at http://www.tux.org/lkml/Dmitry Torokhov wrote at: 2006-05-04 14:10:16
www.softpanorama.org: sparc_vs_x86 fun
On 5/4/06, Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari (~=~) ilmari.org> wrote:
> jimmy <jimmyb (~=~) huawei.com> writes:
>
>>> http://www.softpanorama.org/Articles/Linux_vs_Solaris/sparc_vs_x86.shtml
>>>
>>>> ...
>>>> Actually Linux used to be more heterogeneous in the past when it
>>>> supported Alpha. But those days are long gone.
>>>> ...
>> someone should send these guys a directory listing of linux/arch/
>
> I think he's confusing Red Hat with Linux. But these days even Red Hat
> supports more architectures than Solaris: i386, amd64, ia64, ppc64 and
> s390.
>
Don't pay too much attention:
"I have a subjective impression that networking in Linux is less
sophisticated..."
"As for LDAP quality I have no data but suspect that Solaris has an
upper hand..."
"Based on my limited knowledge of Linux kernel development it looks
like Linux development suffered from a classic case of premature
optimization disease..."
---
Dmitry
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doggideologypg2
"Avoid hyperbole and unsubstantiated claims at all costs.
It's unprofessional and will result in unproductive discussions."Linux Advocacy Guidelines: Canons of Conduct
Dr. Nikolai Bezroukov ?
- Is
Bush Worship a Cult?
According to International Standards Defining Cultism, It Apparently Is
by Jon
29 DEC 2005" 'Church of Bush': In college, I did a yearlong research project on cults with a friend and writing partner who had been deprogrammed out of the Moonies. I learned from firsthand accounts of former cult members how debilitating it is to lose one’s free will. And events since then -- the Jonestown massacre, Waco and the Heaven’s Gate mass suicide -- have proved that cultism can have deadly consequences.
Recently, as President Bush’s poll numbers have dropped, I have noticed some alarming cult-like behavior among his hardcore supporters. In particular, when challenged by harsh facts about their Dear Leader, Bushists -- like Moonies -- reflexively answer allegations based on hard cold facts with nonsense and practiced non sequitors -- assertions that they sincerely seem to believe but that make absolutely no sense to others.
This made me wonder -- is Bushism a cult?
Check out this list of defining characteristics of a cult from the International Cultic Studies Association (ICSA) and decide for yourself: " - Bad Linux
Advocacy FAQ (Raymondism FAQ)
One guesses that the term "Raymondism" is a reference to controversial Open Source advocate Eric S. Raymond
Why the term "Bad Linux advocacy" was introduced ?
by Dr. Nikolai Bezroukov ?"The term "bad Linux advocacy" or Raymondism was introduced in my First Monday paper to differentiate a credible OSS advocacy from the popular brand of naive on the border of blind fold Linux chauvinism ("Linux uber alles"). The main problem with Raymondism is that with the loss of credibility comes a betrayal of trust to the intelligent readership.
Like any other type of groupthink Raymondism incorrectly assumes:Systematically overestimate the group capabilities.
Believe in the inherent morality of the group, regardless of how immoral parts of the group behave.
Develop their own rationalization for failures.
Rely on stereotypes of adversaries (Microsoft) rather then accurate perceptions.
Suppress rather then express their doubts and reservations about the group and particular decisions.
Have an illusionary belief that the group is unanimous in its decisions when many in fact have their doubts and reservations.
Overly call upon those who do express criticism to suppress this criticism out of loyalty to the group or the "fearless leader".
Dr. Nick on vulgar Raymondism ..
Posted: Thu Jan 04, 2007 9:09 am Post subject: Dr. Nick on vulgar Raymondism
.. Archived from groups: comp>os>linux>advocacy (more info?) |
|
|
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Doug Mentohl |
Linux Overview for Solaris Users Open desktop mechanic
It also doesn't tell how messy Solaris's VFS is ... and nothing about Sun's marketing bullshit like ZFS.Posted by mamamia on May 24, 2006 at 05:40 PM GMT+00:00 #
Do you have any details you can share here? It doesn't go into scaling deficiencies in GNU/Linux NFS clients or defects in popular GNU/Linux filesystems either:
www.softpanorama.org/Articles/Linux_vs_Solaris/comparison_of_internal_architecture.shtml
But it is a useful guide for those of us who recognize that there are applications where Solaris is a better fit and there are other applications where a GNU/Linux dist is a better fit. I haven't met anyone who has used ZFS, understood it and still shares your opinion. In my opinion, the only thing Sun's marketing might be guilty of is focusing on catchy and confusing names for technology and not enough on explaining how unique and useful the technology is. As I write this, I'm transfering my DV video and photos from an HFS+ volume to a ZFS pool. I'm looking forward to the day when Apple, Linux and Microsoft have a filesystem which can raid, resilver and compress as easily as ZFS and which can validate that what I read from disk is what I wrote. Regardless of what name marketing comes up for these features, I doubt I'm the only one who finds them useful.Posted by bnitz on May 24, 2006 at 11:33 PM GMT+00:00 #
Perhaps he's referring to the fact that ZFS still hasn't shipped yet Solaris people (I am guilty of this, too) have been touting it for the past year as an advantage over Linux. ZFS is not yet a supported shipped Solaris feature, no matter how much we wish it was.
Posted by jofa beetz on May 25, 2006 at 12:10 AM GMT+00:00 #
1) just compare Linux VFS and Solaris VFS. Solaris one is a mess 2) due to this Solaris UFS is race in ufs_rename() 3) I have read about ZFS, including on-disk structures paper. and I definitely can say that: a) 256 _bytes_ block pointers suck b) if you change a single byte, you need to rewrite and re-calculate checksum of several blocks, which can be very large. this also suck 4) instead of packing all _unrelated_ things into a single one as ZFS does, I hope Linux will just get a good API to ask raid for recovery of given block
Posted by 81.22.216.253 on May 25, 2006 at 08:31 AM GMT+00:00 #
Jofa, That is a fair point. ZFS is still only available via Solaris Express and other unsupported opensolaris releases. I wish Sun could figure out a support model for products which fall between "more stable than Microsoft Windows" and "stable enough to run multibillion dollar businesses for decades." Someone will.
Posted by bnitz on May 25, 2006 at 09:34 AM GMT+00:00 #
If Linux VFS is so wonderful, how come the unionfs guys are having such a horrid time fixing all the corner cases?
Posted by jmansion on May 25, 2006 at 10:06 AM GMT+00:00 #
VFS just wasn't designed for them probably. or they don't understand it well. the point is that VFS implements model and does it very well. in contrary, Solaris has no VFS at all. silly methods switcher and dnlc can't be considered a good model -- just an ugly hack. I also remember how VFS did help to filter reiser4 crap from getting to the kernel. for case of Solaris, nothing would prevent a stupid developer to do absolutely wrong things ...
Posted by mamamia on May 25, 2006 at 11:15 AM GMT+00:00 #
mamamia, The ufs_rename race was fixed as of Nevada Build 25 you should see it in Solaris 10 update 2. I'm not a ZFS expert so you might want to post your comments and criticisms on one of the ZFS forums or blogs. Nothing I've seen from userland suggests that "256 byte block pointers suck", and if you want ZFS checksumming to behave as it does on other filesystems, do this: zfs set checksum=off {pool name}
Posted by bnitz on May 25, 2006 at 11:30 AM GMT+00:00 #
nice, how long it took to fix rename race? I want checksums, but definitely not at this cost. and that would be really unexpected to see users complaining about internals like size of block pointers. given how much marketing bullshit Sun puts everywhere about Solaris/ZFS, I tend to think time when Sun was for engineers has gone and new niche is "all those idiots who prefer 128bit fs over really good and balanced design".
Posted by mamamia on May 26, 2006 at 07:26 PM GMT+00:00 #
I'd hoped this document would help people become familiar with linux and Solaris. I try to avoid tool zealotry. Yes, the rename race was a bug. There are also bugs in GNU/Linux. I have some 40G drives which mysteriously stopped working and are no longer partitionable or detectable by BIOS immediately after ReiserFS/Kernel 2.6 synced them. I have 2 USB memory sticks which seem to have been killed by this Linux problem and I'm familiar with the 2.6 kernel's ability to destroy certain CD-ROM drives.
If your understanding of ZFS is based on the marketing material, then maybe the material is incorrect. Have you trie downloading Solaris express and benchmarking ZFS against your favorite filesystem? Try ZFS with checksumming on and off. Even if MD5sums were calculated all the way back to the root block for a 1 byte change (they aren't), why should you care if it performs? If you took any other existing filesystem and made the checksum granularity, inode and block pointer size precisely what you consider to be ideal, it would still be missing most of what makes ZFS a well designed filesystem. As a user I don't even care about these parameters as long as I don't bump into the 64k, 640K, 504M, 2G, 8G, 32G, 127.5G... barriers. I'm more interested in the fact that I can just buy another hard drive, add it to the pool and immediately increase the storage in that pool.Posted by bnitz on May 27, 2006 at 12:25 AM GMT+00:00 #
there is no way to bechmark ZFS against different filesystem because ZFS is Solaris-only and UFS2 isn't that modern. if you're going to use it for your .html/.doc, re-calculating all blocks is OK. but if you need to modify few thousand files every second, write >1GB/s, such a re-calculation is going to be too expensive. if you're that interested in adding another hard drive, you should have known this feature has been existing for a decade and called LVM.
Posted by 81.22.216.253 on May 27, 2006 at 09:09 AM GMT+00:00 #
So you have a process which modifies several thousand files a second and writes > 1GB/s and it's CPU bound? This is unusual but it might be a good case running zfs set checksum=off {pool name}. You'd be no worse off than with other filesystems which never checksum all data.
I don't think Linux LVM would allow you to grow a single drive to a RAID1. It certainly wouldn't let you do it online and you would have the extra step of increasing the filesystem size to match the new pool and praying that it works. With ZFS it's just a matter of typing zpool add {pool name} {drive}. LVM wouldn't give you clones or rollbacks either.Posted by bnitz on May 27, 2006 at 11:48 AM GMT+00:00 #
lol. writing >1GB/s is unusual for Sun/Solaris? when you write at those rates, every written/checksummed block is important for performance. and ZFS does much more than needed. at cost of performance, of course.
LVM2 does all things online, including rw snapshots. I can write a few-line shell script that will be named zpool, will add a drive to given fs and will resize fs properly. surprize?
PS. i'm shocked how effective Sun's marketing department, especially for own staff.Posted by 81.22.216.253 on May 27, 2006 at 12:20 PM GMT+00:00 #
I didn't say >1GB/s is unusual for Solaris I said > 1GB/s CPU bound is unusual, and it is for any X86 OS until disks and I/O bandwith improve by an order of magnitude or two.
I'm trying to figure out what kind of hardware/os combination you're using. XFS seems to plateau at about 0.5GB/s, EXT3 is worse. EXT2 might be faster, but its lack of journaling and reliable cache flushing makes it unworthy of enterprise class. You don't sound like a Niagara enthusiast. You sound savvy enough to not be fooled into thinking that cache writes == writes and you certainly wouldn't confuse the time of an LVM2/ZFS snapshot with the time to replicate a volume's data. We could compare theoretical deficiencies in ZFS with a theoretical filesystem all day, but I'd like to see some specifics and numbers. I'll be happy to file a ZFS performance bug when I can demonstrate that it is real.
As I said, "LVM wouldn't give you clones or rollbacks either", yes LVM2 can do snapshots, but it doesn't seem to include clones or live rollback capability. Does it allow you to mount a live snapshot? Here are some differences between ZFS and Linux+LVM+Raid.
I doub't I've read as much ZFS marketing material as you have. I learned about ZFS from bloggers (most of whom aren't Sun employees), from man pages and from using it.Posted by bnitz on May 29, 2006 at 01:33 PM GMT+00:00 #
Slashdot Do Scripters Suffer Discrimination
I have written [blacknova.net] a web-application (game) in PHP... and a friend who is a java snob (he feels no other language is worthwhile any more... and I have to listen to it... :P) constantly is saying thing like "well in java - that problem doesn't exist because [insert long winded arrogance]", or "loose types are a short path to hell - and that's where you're headed with PHP" and "PHP isn't a real language anyway - no one would use it at an enterprise level"...
Pointing out that Yahoo is now using it as their default language - and that Rasmus (author of PHP) actually was hired by Yahoo as a result is simply dismissed as bad judgement on their part.
It's like arguing religion or politics... :P
So I just sit back and listen to the tirade - and try not to egg him on...
Actually the right way is to use both languages (Score:3, Interesting)
by Anonymous Coward on Monday February 24 2003, @04:50PM (#5373575)
This "either or" stance is false. Scripting *is* programming and to be a decent programmer you need to know both a compiled language and a scripting language. Programmers who know only one language can not be called professional programmers in a true sense of the word (BTW in old days one needs to know assembler and a high level language to be called a professional programmer; Programmers who can program, say in only Fortran, or PL/1 were often called suckers ;-)
Moreover in complex systems it's much better to use both.
The main advantage of a scripting language it that it permits writing five or more times less lines of code. For a large system this is a tremendously important consideration. Many projects died just because the codebase size exceed a reasonable limit and thus IQ of the development team and the resources of the organization to maintain it.
When you have that much less code, it's not only easier and cheaper to maintain the codebase, the design itself can be more better. This is the same consideration that eventually killed usage of assembler language for writing compilers. Moreover the time to create the first version and cost of the development can be considerable less. That's why scripting implementation is often done as a prototyping phaze.
But for most complex projects the development team can benefit from using both scriptnng and a regualar compiled language from the very beginning to the very end of the development cycle and coding different parts of the system in the most appropriate language
In this case you need a scripting language that links well with your base compiled implementation language (for example TCL+C ) but that gives a lot of possibilities to structure the system more flexibly.
One important possibility is to have an internal scripting language for the system that you are developing. That is an important advantage for a large class of systems.
All-in-all scripting language is more important on the initial, exploratory part of the system life cycle. As the system became more mature and design stabilize, it might make sense to rewhite some parts of the system in a high level language. If speed is of primary importance all the system can be rewritten, but this is a pretty extreme and rare case.
One can consider Java as a language sitting between two chairs: it's too verbose and low level to compete with scripting languages and it's too slow and inflexible to compete with classic compiled languages like C and C++.
But still using Java is a compromise that helps to achieve some benefits of scripting language and some benefits of compiled languages while using a single language. The main problem is that you often need to write 5-10 times more lines of codes in Java and that's a huge cost difference.
See http://www.softpanorama.org/Scripting/index.shtml for more information- Nikolai Bezroukov
Re:Actually the right way is to use both languages (Score:1)
by cbare (313467) on Monday February 24 2003, @08:56PM (#5375244) Homepage JournalThis is right on.
A really good programmer should know at least one lower level so-called "real" programming language and one scripting language. It's even better if the two languages are compatible in that modules for the scripting language can easily be written in the low level language and conversely, the scripting language can be embedding in applications written in the low level language.
Not only does this give you the right-tool-for-the-job advantage, but also allows a large system to be divided in parts suitable for either tool.Good combinations that I know of are:
- C and Perl
- C++ and Python
- Java and Python
I'm sure there are plenty more.
Re:Why? 'cos Perl sucks (Score:1)
by jsnider (194261) on Monday February 24 2003, @04:45PM (#5372937)If I may...
I don't see how that is the fault of Perl.
Several posts here have attempted to make the same flawed point: If it's a script, it is therefore unmaintainable and poorly written. That's absurd. A bad programmer could write C that would induce a coma, while a skilled Perl coder could write a script that their grandparents could love. The language is irrelevant.
Don't blame the language for the mistakes of it's users. English is an excellent example of this principle.Scripting vs. Programming (Score:4, Interesting)
by Daimaou (97573) on Tuesday February 25 2003, @01:48AM (#5377074)I used to work for a company who insisted that everything be done in Java. Now I work for a company who is in bed with C# and other .NETedness. I can understand standardizing on a set of tools, but I think this attitude is kind of dumb in some respects. Sometimes it feels like hammering a screw into the wall with a somewhat stale loaf of bread.
I just finished writing a front-end application at work using Python and wxPython (which is incredible I think). It would have taken me at least a week to do it in C, C++, C#, Java, or any other buzzword language, but I finished it in a little over a day using Python. My app has the added benefits of being cross-platform (Windows, Linux, and FreeBSD), it has a native look on each of these platforms, and it runs a lot faster than a Java/Swing app would.
Ideally, such a time saving technology, and those who know how to use it, would be valued. Yet somehow those pointy haired MBAs that seem to run most companies don't seem to get it.`executive-level technology management' by infantileIdiot (Score:1) Tuesday February 25 2003, @02:25AM Real values vs marketing clout (Score:3, Insightful)
by nyndent (653274) on Tuesday February 25 2003, @02:26AM (#5377182)As an avid PERL hacker (for the past 7 years), I find myself increasingly at odds against the onslaught of Java newcomers. It seems that these days, what really matters to IT directors is the "fashion" value of a language and not its real merits.
Where I work, I see this happening everyday. New projects are, by default, assigned to Java adepts even if they are relatively inexperienced or even fresh out of college/university. The whole market, here in Greece, is quickly veering towards this direction. The funny thing is, that these people quickly discover that doing productive work in Java means you have to have someone with at least a few solid years of coding behind him. So you have a large number of softcos who are looking in the market for people with 2-3 years of EJB experience and the market simply cannot supply them.
So when we scripters go to them and propose a working prototype in a few weeks (vs a few months) with object orientation, proven performance and plan for future maintenance all we get is a smile, a hint of irony and a short dismissal. No arguments, no discussion.
Makes you wonder, how these people got to be IT directors at all...
That said, it is true that scripting, with all the freedom it offers, requires discipline to write maintenable code. Java on the other hand, with it's huge APIs provides a strict framework which sort of guides you through. An inexperienced coder is bound to write better code in Java than in Perl, most probably.
And that is the crux of the thing. Experienced programmers are hard to get by and command larger paychecks. Once again a financial decision is made opposing technical considerations.
And the suits win once more.???
The problem is programmers that are insecure because they aren't confident in their ability to move between languages as needed. Programmers usually have their favorite tools for any given job but the ones that get really nasty are the programmers that are only comfortable with the few tools they use.
For me I'm pretty confident in my ability so I can move between any language that exists or is just invented as the job goes along (happens sometimes) so I don't especially get snotty. Python is one of my favorites but it certainly isn't perfect. I have done a lot in PHP but have grown unhappy with it for large projects. It is good for small to medium sized projects. Java is okay for programs that are going to run on servers with lots of memory and that won't be restarting the program often but is to heavy for most of the things I do. C/C++/Asm are good for low level stuff that needs to be fast but IMO should not be used for the bulk of things they get used for.
Impotent radicals
Daniel on September 8 2005 at 12:04 pmAlright, so I'm confused. Aren't you the same member of the Eric Conspiracy who defended yourself when Nikolai Bezroukov called you a Marxist?
why_i_use_total_commander
Thursday May 12, 2005Total Commander is one of the first things I install on any new PC that I need to use on a regular basis.
It's one of the few shareware programs that I've gladly put down money for - it's that useful. Those who know me will know that that's a, shall we put it this way, "ringing endorsement".
At my new workplace, some of my colleagues recognized it immediately. Some of them remarked that the guy who used to sit at my place used it too. They asked me why I use it. So, I went like *shrug* - I've *always* used it. For years and years. Since I was a BBS sysop back in 1990 managing 50,000 files on a regular basis. Since I got my 386 PC. *shrug* It's intuitive, it works, I can do lightning-quick file operations that take mere Explorer mouse users many agonizing seconds to accomplish. In the old days - in fact, all the way till today, when you're managing tens of thousands of files, you don't fool around - you simply use the best tools available. *shrug*
Here's an author, Dr Nikolai Bezroukov, who explains it much better :
This page is devoted to the Orthodox File Managers (OFMs) that are also known as "Commanders". Members of this family of file managers use simple yet very powerful interface that is a direct derivative of Norton Commander (NC) interface. I introduced the term "Orthodox File Managers" in 1996 with the first edition of my online book and now it seems to be more or less standard term for this category of file managers ...
The Orthodox File Managers (OFMs), also affectionally known as "Commanders" are probably the most influential type of file managers. But the OFMs are more than a popular type of file managers. It is a cultural phenomenon that we ( lacking more precise definition) will call the OFM paradigm ... for a typical Windows or Linux user it looks somewhat strange that people continue to use descendants of a character-based file manager called Norton Commander that was initially designed for PC XT in 1986. Equally strange is that a lot of talented programmers devote considerable time solving intricate problems of designing a modern versions of OFM-style file managers ...
- F5. It's mostly about the F5 key (Copy). Sometimes F6 (Move). And Insert (Select). It's quite often about F3 (View), and also F4 (Edit). Occasionally, it's F7 (Create Dir). Oh yes, Enter. Who could forget Enter (switch directories / execute file). If you like your Explorer (or whatever), you have no idea what we're talking about here, anyway.
See also :
1. OFM (Wikipedia)
2. Norton Commander (Wikipedia)
3. Total Commander (Christian Ghisler)(2005-05-12 23:48:04 SGT) [Tech] Permalink Comments [3]
Comments:What do you mean? Vim should be the first thing you should install on any new PC!!
Heh, jokes aside, in a world where everybody is obsessed with GUI widgets, it's soothing to see an UI that has a minimalist look and feel to it.
Posted by gwunwai on May 13, 2005 at 01:20 PM SGT #
Hey, it's survived nearly two decades, in various incarnations. You know the cliche - that's an eternity in tech.
Posted by lowem on May 19, 2005 at 10:38 AM SGT #
... actually, just testing the server timezone settings. Looks correct for my post1.net server here. Hmm.
2004
http://vlsicad.eecs.umich.edu/BK/Slots/cache/www.softpanorama.org/index.shtml
International Socialism Marx or the multitude
There are other problems with their analysis. There is evidence that industrial workers are not just growing numerically, but that they also play an increasingly important role in world production as their productivity grows. The question of developing an industrial base continues to be a central concern of governments and capitalist elites around the world?not least as a prerequisite for them to wage war upon each other. In some areas of the world the service sector has grown. But these jobs are not part of a free-floating weightless economy based simply on ideas and concepts. The service sector involves workers like airport baggage handlers, postal workers and call centre workers, who all utilise large amounts of capital in their work and experience the same stresses and strains of work as industrial workers.
These trends are analysed in detail by Chris Harman in an earlier issue of this journal.2
I will instead consider the sector of the economy that seems to conform most closely to Hardt and Negri?s vision. Citing Eric Raymond's The Cathedral and the Bazaar,3 they describe open-source programming, in which the 'source code' is distributed copyright-free along with software, as an example:
[Non open-source] programmers had thought of their programs [as] pristine cathedrals. [But] when the source code is open…more of its bugs are fixed, and better programs are produced… Raymond calls this, in contrast to the cathedral style, the bazaar method of software development, since a variety of different programmers with different approaches and agendas all contribute collaboratively. As we noted earlier with respect to 'swarm intelligence', we are more intelligent together than any one of us is alone.
This form of production is supposedly based on individual but cooperating programmers forming networks very similar to Hardt and Negri?s model of the multitude. But the reality is rather different to the one they suggest. The most successful open-source product is the Linux computer operating system. Far from being developed by a network or swarm, its development is centralised through a 'core-development team' to whom suggested changes to the source code must be submitted. According to one analyst, only 1,000 people contribute changes to Linux on a regular basis. An even smaller group of 100 programmers contributed 37,000 out of 38,000 recent changes?all of whom were paid by their employers to work on the operating system. The main employers willing to release staff to work on Linux include Intel, IBM, Hewlett Packard and other giants. They have a vested interest in competition with Microsoft's Windows operating system, and have accumulated vast amounts of capital, allowing them to dominate the world market.4
Nor is it clear that open-source programming produces better software. There is powerful evidence that, unless a high degree of centralisation is imposed, projects tend to develop slowly and to waste time as people work on identical problems. Most projects become fragmented between rival groups or fizzle out as people lose interest.5 Those that succeed are rapidly absorbed into the capitalist market as a potential source of profit. Even in this sector, capitalists are still driven to extract profits from their workers, to compete with their market rivals and then to accumulate capital in order to increase their competitive edge.
Hardt and Negri?s final argument is that ?material production…creates the means of life [but] immaterial production, by contrast, including the production of ideas, images, knowledge, communication, cooperation, and affective relations, tends to create not the means of social life but social life itself?. This is an extreme form of idealism turning Marx's view that "social being determines social consciousness" on its head. It reflects Hardt and Negri's real aim – to replace concrete analysis of the capitalist system with a theory of pure subjectivity in which Empire equals power and the multitude equals creativity.
The weakness of the authors' economic theory means they cannot explain how capitalists are motivated, how capital is divided between different units or the uneven way in which it accumulates. So they offer no analysis of the weak points in the capitalist system or how best to strike at them. If Empire is 'smooth' then all points are equally vulnerable. If a homeless or unemployed person is as critical to the capitalist system as an industrial worker, simply by virtue of their ?extraordinary resourcefulness and creativity?, then there is no need to assess the relative power of different classes in society. In short, there is no need for any kind of strategy to challenge Empire. Indeed, they argue, any attempt to form a party of the Leninist type could only undercut the struggles of the multitude by creating a new elite.
Hardt and Negri argue that the commonalities between different members of the multitude will allow it to come to political conclusions spontaneously in the same way as it comes together to produce ?cooperation, communication, forms of life and social relationships?. The book ends by suggesting the kind of conclusions multitude might reach: "Democracy today takes the form of a subtraction, a flight, an exodus from sovereignty." This echoes the calls by autonomists in the anti-capitalist movement to create a space free from the rule of capital.
There are powerful counter-arguments to this. Our rulers are hardly likely to allow us to create a democratic world free from their control and influence and, even if doing so were possible, it would involve leaving behind the vast productive capacity created by our labour. Hardt and Negri are unconcerned by these arguments. They imply that, once the swarm intelligence of multitude comes round to their conclusion, it will desert Empire, leading to its immediate collapse, give or take a little 'defensive violence'. Once free from Empire the multitude will not require the productive forces of capitalism because it is their immaterial labour that creates social life.
This seems to be a dangerously complacent view of the challenges that will confront the movement against capitalism and war as it develops. Of course Marxists should not put up barriers to working with people influenced by Hardt and Negri?s ideas, but we should be clear that the concept of multitude is more than a metaphor for the movement. It is a fundamental attack on idea of the working class as an agent for change, and upon the need for political organisations to fight for a strategy to overthrow our rulers.
NOTES
1: M Hardt and A Negri, Empire (Harvard, 2001).
2: These trends are analysed in detail by C Harman, ?The Workers of the World?, International Socialism 96 (Autumn 2002).
3: Eric Raymond, The Cathedral and the Bazaar (O?Reilly, 1999).
4: Joab Jackson, Linux Now a Corporate Beast
5: Nikolai Bezroukov, Open Source Software Development as a Special Type of Academic Research
http://webpage.pace.edu/tvirgona/dis899b-1.htm
internet-opensource
The open source software development model is not without its shortcomings, of course, which is simply to point out that every tool has its advantages and disadvantages and it's wise to choose the appropriate tool for the job. Nikolai Bezroukov points out several of the ways in which the open source development model is inappropriate and its acionados shortsighted in treating it like a panacea (Bezroukov 1999). First of all, computer programs are complex, and the more complicated they are, the more complex they are. Is there any difference in the opacity of a 10 line binary program (i.e. compiled into 1s and 0s) and a ten million line program with inadequate documentation? In essence, there isn't. While open source software development relies upon large groups of participants involved to different degrees and in different ways, to function, per the �many eyeballs� approach. But in many cases, large organizations make for slow decision-making processes, generate disagreements, and make organizations slower and more cumbersome. But trying to overcome this through the establishment of an hierarchy or a project elite can generate ill-will and reduce participation. In fact, a high degree of centralization, such as the establishment of a clear and concrete goal, is critical to open source projects. Conicts over software design, methodology, and other disagreements can lead to stagnation and setbacks, or worse, project forks (in which two projects are spawned from one and each project develops in parallel but differently) (Bezroukov 1999).
http://courses.cs.tamu.edu/pooch/665_spring2008/sys-admin-1-2006/
June 10, 2001
Softpanorama 4.1. Linus and Linux; Linus Torvalds Short Unauthorized Biography
Jul 03, 2000 | Linux Today
"I believe that starting somewhere in 1989-1991 Linus became involved in the Minix community and that involvement proved to be one of the keys to his success with the Linux kernel. The author of Minix -- Andy Tannenbaum -- proved to be a very bad politician, as often happens with professors of computer science ;-). He misunderstood the value of GNU in the academic environment. His decision to grant all MINIX commercial distribution right to Prentice Hall (and PH charged $150 a license) was a political suicide. Tannenbaum probably could have occupied Linus' place in the free software world (and can probably get more money by selling books), just because Minix was developed earlier that Linux. But it is the fact that Minix code remained proprietary that doomed it; he failed to understand that if the OS is free, many more people will use/support/enhance it, especially if it can run GNU software."
"After cutting his teeth on Minix and having Usenet-based connections with a rather large pool of talented people in Minix community Linus decided to reengineer a full Unix kernel. I would like to stress the importance of the community -- it was approximately 40 thousand community that included a lot of very talented software developers (and many of them had known Unix internals much better than Linus). Moreover many members of this community wanted better system than Minix. Linus had chosen a simple and realistic path -- start from Minix kernel and gradually modify it using available documentation about "real" Unix. The idea was simple -- to modify it in such way that it would allow people to run GNU software today. That idea essentially permitted hijacking the advanced part of Minux community -- the same members who press Andy Tannenbaum to add advanced features and were frustrated by rejections. So this part of community was ripe for hijacking :-)."
"It looks like the reasons for the success of Linux were more subjective than objective. Linus Torvalds had an edge in speed of development and user friendliness that helped him survive the arrival of 386BSD one year after initial version of Linux kernel was released. Although 386bsd was much more solid kernel from the technical point of view, a two year pause between the release of v. 0.1 and v.1.0 killed the project. ...due to the central role of the kernel Linux very soon attained an independent status -- without competition from any other GNU-compatible kernel Linux automatically became the most attractive platform for other open source development projects. For example starting from version 0.12 Linux tremendously benefited from XFree86 effort. Orest Zborovski (who BTW was also one of early Minix users and experimented with Minix in 1990) decided to use Linux for his XFree86 development -- an extremely important project that tremendously helped Linux to attain its current status."
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ComputerWorld: Technology Flashback -- 1991: Linus Launches Linux(Oct 25, 1999)
Cat's Eye Technologies About Open-source
We believe that open-source software has an important civic and didactic role in modern society. Civic, in that with it, communities of individuals with common software needs can serve those needs independently of governmental or corporate organization; and didactic, in that open-source software is not only a great source of utility but, perhaps more importantly, a potentially excellent source of educational material as well.
For these reasons, many of Cat's Eye Technologies' software projects have been placed under permissive licenses and made available for public download from this website. We generally favour the BSD license, as we find it clear, succinct, and pointific.
However, we also believe that it is important to recognize that the present culture of open source also has an ugly streak. Advocacy too often degrades into proselytizing, while philosophy is warped into doctrine. Dishearteningly, we believe that Nikolai Bezroukov is justified in comparing these ideological tendencies to Lysenkoism.
At Cat's Eye Technologies, we are attempting to counter this trend by being explicit about our reasons: We contribute to the pool of open-source software not because it is some kind of moral imperative, but simply because it is a good idea. We encourage others to do likewise.
Aanval ® - Aanval Education Brief 27 - An Introduction To Snort Front-End GUIs & The Changing Security Landscape. The Evolution of Aanval into a Successful SIEM.
Introduction to ACIDAccording to Dr. Nikolai Bezroukov, a well-known Senior Internet Security Analyst at BASF Corporation "The Analysis Console for Intrusion Databases (ACID) is a rather slow PHP-based analysis engine to search and process the database of security events generated by Snort. It is mostly useful as a generic event viewing tool. ACID was written by Roman Danyliw in early 2000 as part of an abandoned in 2003 AIRCERT project at the CERT Coordination Center." The features of ACID includes alert management, chart and statistics generation, packet viewer and query-builder and search interface. ACID's biggest limitation however is that is not scalable beyond several thousand alerts and often produces numerous amounts of false positives. ACID is also very helpful in analysis of traffic if only used on small to medium streams of alerts. As reported by Dr. Bezroukov, these important shortcomings does diminish ACID's technology value.
Dr. Nikolai Bezroukov Social Roots, Complexity and Never Ending Process of Interpretation of GPL
"[W]e will try to understand the social base of each licenses and thier underlying philosophies, as well as introduce the concept of the metric for license complexity and discuss the role of the process of interpretation of GPL as an important social process in free/open developers community. We will view both licenses not as binding legal documents, but more like "social contracts" that presuppose certain political philosophy behind them and encompass people that belong to a certain social stratum. That brings us to the concept of programming intelligentsia from which we will start our exploration of this topic."
IB-OpenSourceLimits
Pushing the open source concept too far into areas where it's not applicable will lead to universities and taxpayers shouldering the cost of software development for business, and doing it less capably than specialist software development firms. This is a point made by BertrandMeyer and Nikolai Bezroukov, who contend that so-called free programming is often funded by taxpayers in one form or another, and that open source essentially represents a distortion of the market.12, 13
South-Western open-source software
Nikolai Bezroukov, "Open Source Software Development as a Special Type of Academic Research (Critique of Vulgar Raymondism)"
http://www.firstmonday.dk/issues/issue4_10/bezroukov/
In this online document, Nikolai Bezroukov provides a critical review of the arguments used by Eric S. Raymond in "The Cathedral and the Bazaar." Bezroukov discusses a variety of practical problems associated with implementing open-source software development.
BSD license vs. GPL
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The Security Skeptic Web-Tech
10/28/2009
Is office cleaning a proper analog for web security?
Nikolai Bezroukov offers an interesting view of Unix Security:
"The main problem with Unix security is that it is very similar to office cleaning services. It is a dull and unrewarding task that needs constant attention and often involves fighting against your own management."
This characterization may apply to Unix security, but it falls shy of being sufficient for web security in several respects:
It assumes that an office exists. Web applications span multiple servers, hosting sites and networks. Containing web applications to a particular domain of control may be a consideration during a design phase but this objective is often neglected during growth stages and ultimately abandoned.
It assumes that cleanliness is a design and operational objective. Web application cleanliness translates to keeping a web site clean of vulnerabilities. Few organizations put a premium on securing web applications over publishing content as quickly as humanly possible and considerable data are available to support this assertion (see Report: Nearly 6 Million Infected Web Pages Across 640K Compromised Sites).
It assumes a steady state of dull and unrewarding. WebSense reported that in 1H2009, over three-quarters of web sites with malicious code were found to be legitimate sites that had been compromised. That's not dull but dramatic and frightening. It's also rewarding but not for the legitimate web operators.
One aspect of Nikolai's characterization of Unix security that does apply is that web security is a task that needs constant attention. Specifically, every aspect of web application you host needs attention from design through deployment and continuing for as long as the application remains in a production environment.
Fighting with one's management is disputable. My experience is that management doesn't always fight against investing in securing web applications. The problem not whether management fights but when. Management rarely opposes investments in security in the aftermath of an incident involving a breach or defacement of a web site. Management needs to assess risk more carefully early and continuously during the lifetime of a web application and security staff need to help them by providing good data to assess that risk.
Operating System Security
Skeptic View on Unix Security - Nikolai Bezroukov; This article, although UNIX specific, should be required reading for all aspiring sysadmins. This reviews the general attitude that sysadmins ought to have, and identifies specific, real world stragegies for dealing with free-floating security concerns, i.e., how to approach securing a system that only potentially faces attack. An interesting quote -"In the real world, an eight-character mixed alphanumeric password is no more secure than a simple four-character password. Comment: a thought provoking article, I also agree that ultra strong password policies backfire."
FreeBSD in the Press
Open Source Software Development as a Special Type of Academic Research
First Monday, Nikolai Bezroukov
This paper tries to explore links between open source software development and academic research as a better paradigm for OSS development.
Operating system advocacy Information from Answers.com
Nikolai Bezroukov (1998-06-01). Bad Linux Advocacy FAQ. 0.81. http://www.softpanorama.org/OSS/bad_linux_advocacy_faq.shtml.
An Introduction To Open Source Software Development by Steffen Evers
13th August 2000Nikolai Bezroukov considers the presented bazaar model as "a too simplistic view of the open source
software development process". Instead he "tries to explore links between open source software
development and academic research as a better paradigm [...]" and thinks it "should be better viewed
as a special case of academic research." [ Bezroukov99, Abstract] (See also [Bezroukov99b].)
Anarcho-capitalism - Hobson's Choice
Eric Raymond, The Libertarianism FAQ" is a well-written apologia of libertarianism. I think it is worth noting that Raymond is one of the leading experts on the open-source software movement. Here, Raymond argued that libertarianism may well conflict with the concept of intellectual property ownership (The Cathedral and the Bazaar), and certainly is not the optimal form of technical innovation. For the which insight, Raymond was trounced on as a Marxist by Nikolai Bezroukov's hostile review.
Technological determinism as a collective action framing of hackers and geek publics by Johan Söderberg
Many writers criticised Eric Raymond for depicting open source development in a simplistic and selfcongratulating way. Of particular interest for my argument is a passing remark made by one of his critics, Nikolai Bezroukov. While making the more substantial objections mentioned above, Bezroukov noted a similarity between Raymond's style of argument and historical materialism and dubbed the former "vulgar Raymondism" (Bezroukov, 1999). Bezroukov did not distinguish between the many versions of historical materialism which have spawned from Marx's original, sketchy thoughts in the preface to A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy. What Bezroukov had in mind when making his comparison was presumably the vulgar historical materialism popularised during the time of the Second International. That is to say, an interpretation where history is imagined to move in a schematic, linear direction from one stage to the next, propelled by the continous, incremental development of the forces of prodcution. Unsurprisingly, this association with Marxism greatly offended Eric Raymond. In a response to Bezroukov he declared himself to be a firm supporter of the free market economy. He assured his readers that: "[...] open-source development and the post-industrial capitalism of the Information Age are natural allies." (Raymond, 1999c)Thereby Eric Raymond hoped to have refuted the accusation that he was in bed with Marxism. I believe that, quite to the contrary, it is in this reply that the similarities with (one version of) historical materialism are laid bare. Scholars sceptical about the claims about a coming post-industrial, informational era have shown how these notions were branched off from Marxist theories. In fact, many of the early promoters of these claims, most notably Daniel Bell, had a background in the American Trotskyist movement. After these writers had become disillusionised about the Soviet union, they employed their deep familiarity with historical materialist theory in the service of American national interests. The notion about the coming of the postindustrial society, later to metamorphose into ideas about the information society, was devised as a grand narrative which could rival Marxism. Their goal was to present a different scenario about the future. World history would no longer culminate in socialism but in a global American consumer society (Barbrook, 2007). Equally significant was the displacement of class struggle from the post-industrial storyline. It was the innate trajectory of technology, rather than human agency and social antagonisms, which was designed as the motor of history (Dyer-Witheford, 1999). This modification of historical materialism refuted Marx's prediction that capitalism would bring forth a polarisation of society into two, warring classes. A future society was depicted where class conflicts would dimnish and ideological differences between socialism and liberalism would fuse out. The information society would be ruled by an enlightened elite who simply would take the most rational decisions for the common good. At its core, the narrative about the information age is a dream about technocracy (Webster, 2002).
There is A Perfect Editor
- Nikolai Bezroukov's Unix Editors page, ironically containing a lot more than just a list of text editors available under Unix. This page contains both a large number of links, and commentary from Bezroukov's unique vantage point. He favors "folding" editors, and editors derived from Xedit.
Dos Navigator
C Programming Book - C - C++
Wolfgang Kaufmann* Thus spoke pete <[email protected]>:
Hallo,
[color=blue]
> Wolfgang Kaufmann wrote:[color=green][color=darkred]
>> >> * Thus spoke Eirik <[email protected]>:
>> >> > Is "The C Programming Language"
>> >> > by Kernighan and Ritchie still the best book
>> >> > to buy when learning to program in C,
>> >> > or are there any better books?
>> >> - <http://www.accu.org/bookreviews/public/index.htm>[/color][/color]
>
> None of the books reviewed at that URL,
> have a rating which indicates
> whether they are considered to be better or worse than K&R2.[/color]
Sure, that's because it wouldn't make any sense at all.
In my opinion, Nikolai Bezroukov (see
http://www.softpanorama.org/Bookshelf/index.shtml) gives some good
tips/recommondations on the "how to buy a good book?"-topic.
How do you know if a certain C book is better for Eirik (than whatever,
doesn't matter at all) or not? If you don't know Eirik personally well,
you don't know which book he might like better than TCPL. Of course you
could claim, that /you/ liked $foo better than TCPL.
Further, most people I know don't own a copy of TCPL, but that doesn't
mean that they don't know other good C books for beginners (which Eirik
might like check out).
For me it doesn't make sense to discuss something like that further, if
you want, have fun.
Wolfgang.
--
"Es gibt Dinge, die man bereut, ehe man sie tut. Und man tut sie doch."
-- Christian Friedrich Hebbel
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Last modified: March, 12, 2019
#1.2
Since good IT people are very successful, it is easy for them to believe in meritocracy and to be evangelized by Libertarians that reinforce that "I did it all on my own" attitude that is so corrosive to society.
Just look at Peter Thiel (an uber-Techno-Libertarian, who is also very tight with the CIA) giving money to kids to start their own businesses and avoid going to college. Great way to create an unbelievably politically narrow worldview, and then have those people in a position to dictate terms to society from crypto-fascist platforms like Facebook.