Adding NFS partitions to /etc/fstab

The /etc/fstab file, referred to as the file system table, specifies resources that should be automatically mounted when the system is booted or when the mountall command is used.

This file can be modified using any text editor. To automatically mount an NFS resource, add a line to the /etc/fstab file that contains the appropriate options that would have been entered manually with a mount -F nfs command. To remove automatic mounting of an NFS resource, delete the appropriate line from the /etc/fstab file.

Mounting options supported by fstab are the same as in  the mount command. Let's first remind ourselves the syntax for mounting an NFS filesystem with mount command:

mount -F nfs -o options machine:filesystem mount-point

The -F option tells the mount command the filesystem is an NFS filesystem, machine:filesystem is the name of the remote machine and the filesystem to be mounted, and mount-point is the location in the current filesystem that the remote filesystem is to be mounted.    For example, the following command mounts the filesystem /usr/public on the remote machine called wwwserv2 on the local machine in the directory called /usr/wwwserv2:

mount -F nfs wwwserv2:usr/public /usr/wwwserv2

The mount point (in this case /usr/wwwserv2) must exist for the mount to succeed. The same is true for adding NSF partition to fstab.

The -o components specifies set options from the following list:

• rw  Sets the mount read-write (the default value).
• ro  Sets the mount read-only.
• timeo=x  Gives a timeout value in tenths of a second to attempt the mount before giving up.
• retry=x  Retries x times before giving up.
• soft  Forces the client to give up the mount attempt if an acknowledgment is not received from the remote.
• hard  The client continues trying to mount the filesystem until successful.
• intr  Allows the keyboard to interrupt the mount request; otherwise, the attempts go on indefinitely.

Any of these options can be combined in one mount command, as they could be for the share command. For example, the following command line tries to mount the /usr/public directory on wwwserv2 as read-only, but gives up if the mount attempt is not acknowledged by wwwserv2:

mount -F nfs -o soft,ro wwwserv2:/srv/www/html/public_html /var/www/html/public_html

The mount command by itself usually shows all mounted filesystems. Adding filesystems to fstab provides a simpler way to mount commonly used directories. After you create an appropriate line in the /etc/fstab  you can mount the filesystem by simply issuing the mount point name. For example, this command mounts the proper filesystem from wwwserv2

mount /var/www/html/public_html

In Solaris NFS supports client-side failover. That is, if an NFS resource becomes unavailable, the client can switch to another NFS server that provides a "replicated" copy of the resource. This failover capability can be enabled by adding an entry in the /etc/fstab for the resource. In the Device to Mount  field, list the systems that provide the replicated resource separated by commas. Also, the read-only option (-o ro) is specified in the Mount Options  field. For example, to provide client-side failover for the /export/local resource that is available from either the "alpha" or the "beta" NFS servers and mounted at /usr/local, add the following entry to the /etc/fstab file:

alpha,beta:/export/local - /usr/local nfs - no -o ro

Note that read-only resources (-o ro mount option) can be configured for client-side failover. Also be certain that the system names are valid and separated by commas.

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Last modified: March 12, 2019